The travel mode preference exists in both culture and theenvironment. The wide scale of people's mobility makesour cities more polluted and congested, eventually affecting urban assets.Understanding people’s mode choice is important to develop urbantransportation planning policies effectively. This study aims to model andpredict the commuter’s mode choice behaviour in Lahore, Pakistan. A surveywas conducted, and the data was used for model validation. The comparative study was further done among multinomial logit model (MNL),Random Forest (RF), and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classification approaches. It’s common in existing studies that vehicle ownership is rankedas the most important among all features impacting commuters’ travel modechoice. Since many commuters in Lahore own no vehicle, it’s unclear whatthe rank of factors impacting non-vehicle owners is. Other than thecomparison of predicting the performance of the methods, our contributionis to do more analysis of the rank of factors impacting the different types ofcommuters. It was observed that occupation is ranked as the most importantamong all features for non-vehicle owners.

This review study consolidates the academic research on innovation management literature in relation to the innovative behaviour of employees.This study is based on a systematic review of the literature published on the topic of innovation management and employees' roles during the last 36 years(from 1990-2022). This review comprises '118' studies, including Empirical papers, Review papers and Conceptual papers. Various research streams and perspectives are extracted from the consideration set of this study as components of innovative behaviour, including Determinants of innovative behaviour and Dimensions of innovative behaviour. Also, numerous measures of both determinants and dimensions of innovative behaviours are studied during the narrative analysis of the selected articles. A Multi-Dimensional Framework of Innovative Roles of Employees in Organizational Innovation Management is mentioned as a finding of this study. In the end, the study's contribution, implications and limitations are stated.

Start-up behaviour is a key resource for entrepreneurial investment decisions. Economic Corridors are a new form of regional and beyond regional entrepreneurial collaborations. The present research aimed at operationalising the measurement scale for industrial entrepreneurs' start-up behaviour in the context of entrepreneurship under economic corridors. Particularly, the present study is committed to developing, contextualising, and statistically pilot testing the measurement scale of start-up behaviour of industrial entrepreneurs. This study applied EFA, validity, and reliability tests on the 6-items constructed for Start-up Behavior.Data was collected from the owners, shareholders, members of the board of directors and Chief level executives of 425 manufacturing organisations (e.g., also known as industrial entrepreneurs) in Pakistan. Results of this scale contextualisation process confirmed that initial developed 7 items were reduced to 6-items, and 1-item was deleted at the stage of face & content validity. The final form of measurement scale for Start-up Behavior consisted of 6- items under 1-factor. Moreover, this study described and presented a systematic process for scale development, scale contextualisation, and statistical pilot testing to ensure the factorisation/extraction of factors, reliability and validity for the
newly operationalised scales for start-up behaviour. This study contributed to the body of knowledge for behavioural sciences, entrepreneurship, and economic corridors by providing a 6-item measuring scale of industrial entrepreneurs' start-up behaviour. This study is also an added advantage for the owners of the manufacturing firms and policymakers up to the extent that they were able to analyse the six behavioural factors for investment in the new start-ups.

The purpose of this research was to examine the Impact of Narcissistic Leadership (NL) on Employee’s Behavioral Cynicism (BOC) with the mediation of Organizational Aggression (OA) and moderation of Workplace Gossiping (WG) in the FMCG sector of Pakistan. OA was studied as a mediator that was brought in between the relationship of NL on BOC to see what impact it made on them. A quantitative method was used in this study, and the data was collected through survey questionnaires from 415 workers of FMCG companies operating in Pakistan using the convenience sampling technique, a type of non-probabilistic sampling. An adopted structured questionnaire was used in this research by using a cross-sectional study and a self-administered survey. SPSS is used for demographics frequency analysis, and SMART PLS 4 is used for SEM, validity and reliability analysis. However, H1 results revealed that NL had a significant impact on BOC. Whereas H2, looking at the mediation results,OA was found to have the mediation on the relationship between NL on EBC shows complete mediation. Further, H3, WG significantly moderated the relationship of NL with EBC. Therefore, the Leader member exchange (LMX) theory supports H1, the AET model supports H2 and self- verification & LMX theory supports H3.

Social media provide a platform for discussion on various issues that often gets ignored in our day-to-day life. In order to keep ourselves connected with the entire world and remain updated about what all is taking place or happening around us, youth is mostly inclined towards using social media for information. It has been seen utilization of social media is becoming more and more effective to mold opinion and in changing their mind-set of the youth. The usage of social media among youth in Punjab, Pakistan offers ample opportunity for evaluation. To investigate the impact of social media usage on educational learning, social behavior, and political awareness among the youth in Punjab, a research study was carried out. The study employed a survey research design, and data was collected through the use of questionnaires.

Conflicts in schools can arise over a variety of issues, including staff workload, funds, teaching activities and practices in and out of the classroom, rewards and sanctions, assessment procedures, power and authority, tardiness and absences, political opinions, student behavior, dress code, assignments, and placements. This study examined how teachers' dispute resolution strategies affect classroom learning. A study questionnaire was distributed to 200 elementary kids. School disagreements depress teachers and lower their effectiveness. Disappointment, dullness, unwillingness, insensitivity, stress, grief, anxiety, and uneasiness can plague teachers. Before conflict situations, necessary preparations should be made to prevent instructors, students, and the school environment from degrading education and training. Conflict resolution can help schools achieve their goals and benefit students, instructors, and staff. In-service training and seminars should help teachers understand and address school issues.

COVID-19 has drastically affected the business sector all around the globe and its subsequent implications have changed the buying habits of consumers. This comparative inquiry seeks to evaluate the online buying behavior of customers amid different scenarios for developing an empirical idea how different social media platforms influenced the online purchase behavior of customers before and after global pandemic. The population of this study primarily encompasses the social media users. Objective responses are gathered from 100 respondents using online survey questionnaire and data is analyzed using statistical analysis techniques. The results have indicated an increase in the customer shift from physical shopping to the online shopping and also indicated that different social sharing platforms including Instagram and Facebook positively influenced the purchase intention of customers during the times of crisis.

Psychological Well-being was discovered as a dynamic that included the subjective, Psychological, and social dimensions and health-related behaviors. A caregiver burden is the type of stress that caregivers experience because of the hurdles and challenges of caregiving.  To assess the burden of caregivers of children with ADHD and examine the psychological well-being with coping strategies.  Correlational research design with purposive sampling technique among psychological wellbeing burden and coping among caregivers of children with ADHD. Demographics are (Age, gender, education level, and marital status) with measurement of psychological well-being scale. The data were collected from Government hospitals in Lahore. Results showed that the alpha coefficient for this scale is a=.96, the caregiver Burden scale is a= .98, and the coping scale a= Burden has a negative correlation with both psychological well-being and coping. Coping has a positive correlation with psychological well-being and has negative correlation with burden.

The study focused on investigating the role of teachers' professionalism in mitigating aggressive behavior among university-level resilient students. The quantitative survey design was followed to conduct this study. The study sample consisted of 237 students with MPhil and PhD degrees (Edu). Three tools (The Brief Resilience Scale, the Aggression Questionnaire, and the Teachers Professionalism Scale) were used in this quantitative study to collect data. Tools were converted to Google Forms and disseminated for data collection. Data were analyzed by utilizing descriptive (percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation, and Hays Process macro mediation analysis model-4). Results revealed that university students were normally resilient and, there was a significant moderating role of the resilience of students on the relationship between teachers' professionalism and the aggressive behavior of students. The study indicates that university teachers necessitate more interventions to enhance the resilience of graduate students and decrease the level of aggression.

The research analyzes digital literacy effects on Global South media audience behavior through an assessment of digital tools and proficiency levels on platform interactions. The 21st-century media environment underwent a substantial transformation due to digital technology advancements but this change still affects people differently. Countries in Africa, Latin America, and parts of Asia face unique challenges due to limited technology access, high data costs, and low digital literacy levels. This research centers on Kenya together with India and Brazil as its subject area through which investigators conducted interviews and distributed questionnaires to 600 participants. Observations demonstrate that people with advanced digital competency tend to activate social networking sites (SNS) with internet service and contrastingly inexperienced users depend on conventional media tools such as television and radio. The findings demonstrate how Global South countries need improved digital resources and awareness as a solution to close their digital divide.