The current study aims to examine the influence of bundles of development and maintenance HR practices on employee's behavior of work engagement through learning goal orientation. The sample size of the study was 370. Data were collected from different Pakistan oil refineries through a self-administered questionnaire and were analyzed through covariance-based SEM by using AMOS. Findings of the study confirmed the proposed study associations and revealed that both development and maintenance HR practices are positively and significantly associated with employee's behavior of work engagement and learning goal orientation partially mediates between the association of bundles of HR practices (development and maintenance) and work engagement. The authors contribute to the stream of knowledge by explicating the overall additive impact of segregated bundles of the development and maintenance of HR practices on work engagement through mediating effect of learning goal orientation between HR bundles and work engagement. Present study forwards implications for both theory and practice

The dominance of technology is a universal phenomenon, and like every other aspect of life, education could not spare itself from its influence. The opportunities being offered by the modern technologies incorporated in physical education can produce remarkable outcomes. This study offers an exploration into the potential use of technology as an aid in physical education. It reflects the practical prospects that new technology offers and the ways it can be applied to improve the learning process in physical education classrooms. Teachers can take help from digital technologies for better engagement of the students. For this purpose, teachers can first adapt to the technology by different formal and informal learning sources like seminar, conferences, training program, self-education and peer group discussions. To avoid technology being a source of distraction, a well-designed and practically controlled system of technology needs to be introduced into the classroom. The overall understanding of the students can be improved by using technological aids.

The idea of digital competence has emerged in recent years around the globe. It entails a wide range of abilities and knowledge in every field. The current research paper is to investigate the digital competence and mysteries of learning: use of technology in classrooms by the teachers. University teachers were used as population and sixty teachers were randomly selected as a sam-ple from different campuses of education university Lahore. Self-constructed instrument, Teach-ers' Digital Competencies Survey [TDCS] instrument, was adapted and used for data collection. The results revealed a statistically apparent difference in gender of teachers about different indi-cators of digital competencies and learning with technology. It was concluded that male teachers had used more digital technology with more confidence than that female teachers. There search-ers recommended that digital competence may be promoted among teachers for the better teaching and learning environment. The universities should provide better technological facilities for better learning.

Managing classrooms is the central component of effective teaching and learning practices and, therefore, has always been the concern of teachers. The literature demonstrated that classroom management techniques are generally oriented either towards discipline or towards engaging students with learning. Teachers generally perceive classroom management techniques with an orientation either towards one or both, and these perceptions are likely to guide them about the way they manage their classrooms. In this context, the main intent of this research was to identify techniques that school teachers perceive as classroom management techniques (along with their orientation) and to examine the effectiveness of those techniques for supporting students’ learning. This research further examines gender differences among teachers related to these questions. This research used descriptive survey research design. The teachers in 190 elementary schools of district Dera Ghazi Khan served as population. Using cluster and stratified random sampling techniques, a sample of 406 elementary school teachers was selected. Of these 406teachers, 128 were female, and 278 were male. A questionnaire, adopted from Asiyai (2011), was employed as a research tool. The reliability of the tool was computed through Cronbach-Alpha coefficient, and validity was ensured by aligning items with research questions. It was found that teacher sightly believe that although both discipline- and engagement-oriented aspects of management can be perceived as classroom management techniques, both are also effective for students' learning

The travel mode preference exists in both culture and theenvironment. The wide scale of people's mobility makesour cities more polluted and congested, eventually affecting urban assets.Understanding people’s mode choice is important to develop urbantransportation planning policies effectively. This study aims to model andpredict the commuter’s mode choice behaviour in Lahore, Pakistan. A surveywas conducted, and the data was used for model validation. The comparative study was further done among multinomial logit model (MNL),Random Forest (RF), and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classification approaches. It’s common in existing studies that vehicle ownership is rankedas the most important among all features impacting commuters’ travel modechoice. Since many commuters in Lahore own no vehicle, it’s unclear whatthe rank of factors impacting non-vehicle owners is. Other than thecomparison of predicting the performance of the methods, our contributionis to do more analysis of the rank of factors impacting the different types ofcommuters. It was observed that occupation is ranked as the most importantamong all features for non-vehicle owners.

The study examines the impact of Literacy and Numeracy Drive (LND) on the English language learning outcomes and environment at primary sections of rural and urban public schools of district Gujranwala, Punjab, Pakistan. The data were gathered from two public schools: one from a rural area and another from an urban center. The partakers, N=60, served in the controlled and experiment groups. The control group was imparted the prescribed syllabus with the traditional method. In contrast, the experimental group was trained through LND's systematic learning objectives (SLOs), Tablet PCs, specific booklets, and tests. Three pre-tests were conducted before the treatment, and three post-tests were administered after two months of instruction. The study used quasi-experimental methods, and the gathered data were analyzed using SPSS 25. The results show a significant improvement in the outcomes of the experimental group, while no significant change was observed in the case of the control group. The results demonstrate that systematic SOL-based language teaching, technological assistance, and hand training help improve the English language pedagogy. The study suggests that such intervention scan enhance the overall English language teaching environment. As a result,the reach of LND should be extended to other sections of public schools

In the present era, knowing the students' intention towards online learning has become necessary due to the persisting situations of the COVID-19. The current study explores the teaching of English to Biological Science students through online to explore their intentions towards online learning due to different waves of COVID-19 in Pakistan. The study used a rational method that utilizes cross-sectional data.The study employed a random sampling technique to trace the respondents.By using the AMOS, the results of a study underline a positive significant effect of performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI), facilitating conditions (FC), and perceived usefulness (PU) on intention towards online learning (ITOL) among the Biological Science students. The findings of the study are significant as they provide valuable insights to comprehend the elements that influence online learning (OL)concerning the teaching of English as a second language.

A digital game-based learning approach is a sophisticated method in which the student is dynamically involved in the learning. The traditional or old learning technique is fully replaced by this learning strategy. Several research studies have demonstrated that employing a game-based strategy boosts learning. The purpose of the current review study was to employ descriptive and statistical approaches to compare the learning outcomes of pupils who used a digital game-based learning approach to those who used traditional learning strategies. A total of 26 papers published between 2012 and 2021 were chosen based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The previous research' literature evaluation revealed that the digital game-based learning method has proved to be every operative learning technique in a number of disciplines and learning situations. Learners are extremely engaged in the learning process while using a digital game-based learning technique

Traditional mode of teaching promoted rote learning among learners over the years. A University classroom is a place where learners acquire new knowledge, skills, abilities, capabilities, and techniques. This study unveils the English Language Learning problems of undergraduate students. The target population was 155 university students. Qualitative research methods were fielded. 'Observation, video-recording, focus group interview, and diary notes' were research instruments. Outcomes were drawn through the lenses of Action Research. Purposive sampling was the research design. 'Interpretive approach' was employed for data analysis. Results exhibited that students confronted English language problems, and they affected student learning.The study speaks volumes about the gap between teaching and learning. This gap needs to be addressed through Action Research to achieve effective learning outcomes. This study recommends the use of novel teaching strategies, lesson plans, pair work, group discussions, robust material, learner engagement, and constructive feedback in university education.

COVID-19 has disturbed the record of the activities in the world.But education is the only diligence that moved entirely in the online method in most of the countries. And virtual learning and teaching as well as the best option to continue the education throughout the covid-19 pandemic,particularly in tertiary learning. The purpose of this study is to know the motivation level of L2 learners during the pandemic. For that purpose, 1015 undergraduate students were selected randomly from the University of Education FSD campus. The quantitative method was used, and data was analyzed through SPSS software. A questionnaire was distributed among all the students and asked to fill it out. After analyzing the data, it has been seen that covid-19 did not affect the motivation level of the students. It is recommended that Govt. should take bold steps and provide funds to students and teachers as well to continue the education properly.