Societies shape people in and outwards look with different connotations such as gender, attitude and behavior. Humans are the product of society, and each society is different in terms of the environment created by the dwellers. There are societal taboos that are common and similar in most societies of the world, but such cultural affinities are due to the geographical association and the impact of globalization. Common norm, which is practiced in one society is not acceptable in other society, whether it is within a country or in another country. For example, house chores and taking responsibility for the care of the husband is appreciated in Libya, but the same practice is not considered a stereotype in turkey. Women craze for ornaments in South Africa, similar to the customs in Libya and turkey. The discourse of the participants reveals a cultural perception that varies from person to person and culture to culture. Thoughts and behavior are made by society, and the same thoughts are changed with a wave of time.

Prior research provides various views on subordinates' workplace deviated behavior as retaliation against supervisory abuse, the effect of abusive supervision (AS) on subordinates as a group and their interpersonal relations gets poor attention. Grounded on the social exchange theory, the present study presents a model where a group of subordinates exhibits seemingly opposite discretionary behaviors in integration to combat supervisory abuse. In particular, this study posits that subordinates who experience abuse from the same supervisor form a group. This group bond provides them with enough power to involve in deviant behavior against their supervisor and supervisor's favored coworkers. Multiple source data were collected, and linear hierarchal regression in addition to process macro methodology was used for data analysis. Findings support the mediation hypotheses partially.

This study was conducted to find the influence of teachers effectiveness and students attitude on students academic achievement in science subjects at secondary school of district Dera-IsmailKhan. An important aim of the study was to explore the impact of teachers effectiveness and students academic performance on the subject of science. A multi-stage and stratified random sampling technique was used for data collection. The survey questionnaire was used. A standardized questionnaire was used and this questionnaire was also validated. A normality test was applied to normalize all variables. Reliability was checked through Cronbach Alpha and it was found in the range given by (Pallant, 2010). The data-was-collected-from teacher at the secondary school level. The hypothetical influence was tested using simple regression. The teachers effectiveness was found significantly on students academic achievement as β=0.727 p<0.05. Similarly, the influence of students attitude found significantly positive on students academic achievement as β=0.616 p<0.05.

This study explores the relationships between positive and negative Organizational Behaviors and Workaholism; and the relationship of these OBs with productivity and gender of engineering students in Pakistan. Most of the researchers have studied OBs among faculty or administrative staff in universities. The study of these behaviors among students is a new area. An eight-stage innovative qualitative codebook thematic analysis was used to analyze semi-structured interviews from 22 faculty members to explore the relationships of OBs with productivity and gender of engineering students. A comprehensive model of relationships between OCB, DB, WA, and the productivity of engineering students has been built which was previously missing from contemporary literature. Gender has also been found to have a relationship with various behaviors. The findings here are important for practitioners and scholars for a better understanding of the relationship of OBs with the productivity of engineering students, to enhance their productivity through the promotion of desired behaviors.

This research determines the role of the Organizational Environment in reducing the effects of the Techno-Stress on Work Behavior of the University Teachers. The quantitative research method was followed whereas descriptive research design for being the most befitting in these kinds of investigations was opted for reaching certain findings and drawing the conclusions. The study was conducted on 394 university teachers appointed in various public sector Universities situated in the province of Punjab. A scheduled questionnaire built on a five-point Likert scale was used for gathering required data, whereas, in addition to descriptive analysis, inferential analysis of the collected data was done using t-test, correlation, and regression. Results of the study revealed that a significant correlation among the organizational environment and techno-stress prevails, whereas the analyzed data affirmed a significant effect of the techno-stress on the work behavior of the University Teachers.

This study is aimed to explore the Islamic calendar anomaly or lunar effect over the period of eleven years commencing from Zilhajj 1429 (January 2007) to Muharram 1440 (September 2018) on daily historical returns. This study has identified the essence of weak-form Efficient Market Hypothesis Fama (1965) in Pakistan, Turkey, Malaysia, Bangladesh, Iran, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Dubai. Moreover market return behavior and seasonal effects are identified by using the dummy regression model. It is identified that anomalous behavior is reality in long run aptitude in all Islamic economies and the average behavior is reflecting that markets have been inspired by the seasonal effects. Overall the market behavior reflects weak form of efficiency except Iran and Bangladesh. It is identified that the Gregorian Calander is static but the lunar calendar is dynamic and go across all the weathers. Weathers and temperatures may affect perception and psychology of investor.

The research was focused on the “Leadership Behavior of Principals and Attitudes of Teachers as related to the Academic Environment in Private Secondary Schools of District Dera Ismail Khan”. The study was quantitative and data were collected using a survey. The population was 147 heads and 1470 teachers who were working in private secondary schools of the District, Dera Ismail Khan. A sample of 324 was selected for gathering data. The correlation, t-test, and regression were statistical analysis techniques. The results depicted that better academic environment is the result of positive attitude of teachers. The relationship between attitude and leadership behavior was highly positive. No differences were found between rural and urban on attitude scale, leadership behavior scale and environment scale.

Autism spectrum disorders are lifelong developmental disabilities that can impact how students understand, what they see, hear and otherwise sense. This can result in difficulties with learning, communication, and behavior in their classroom. To execute this phenomenological research study in private schools of autism, the researchers were keen to dig out and try to listen to the perspectives of the special educationists regarding challenges in facilitating the teaching-learning process. Through semi-structured interviews, data were collected from twenty (20) special educationists working with children diagnosed on the spectrum of autism disorder. The majority of the special educationists reported that during teaching, they must execute various intervention strategies by incorporating different tools provided by the school. Their one major issue was time management because they have to handle every kind of issues arouse by the child and environment, alone during teaching. It was reported that the general education curriculum is also difficult to teach alone because they have not received any kind of specialized curriculum for such kids.

This research aims at testing and confirming existence of selected behavioral biases of investors that affect their decisions. Five behavioral biases affecting irrational behavior of investors were selected: overconfidence bias, illusion of control bias, confirmation bias and recency bias and optimism bias. Primary data was collected through a questionnaire from 300 investors from banks, insurance companies, stock exchanges etc. The results were obtained by employing a correlation and regression analysis for the presence of behavioral biases and to detect degrees of their influence on decision making. Correlation results indicate moderate association between behavioral biases and decisions of investors. Outcome of the research indicates that while making financial decisions investors are moderately affected by behavioral biases.

The current research investigated authentic leadership and organization citizenship behavior relationship in the presence of mediator corporate social responsibility in services organizations of Pakistan. Data from the respondents were gathered through structured questionnaire. The instrument validity and reliability were ensured. A total of 220 respondents participate in the study. Participants were informed about the aim of the study. Based on regression and mediation analysis, it was found that authentic leadership was significantly related with organization citizenship behavior. We also found that corporate social responsibility partially mediates authentic leadership and organization citizenship behavior. It was concluded that managers should treat their employees fairly as a result their citizenship behavior towards organization will increase which lead to overall organization performance.