ARTICLE

THE PATTERNS OF CODE SWITCHING IN PASHTO ENGLISH BILINGUAL DATA

13 Pages : 123-133

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2020(V-I).13      10.31703/gssr.2020(V-I).13      Published : Mar 1

The Patterns of Code-Switching in Pashto-English Bilingual Data

    This study investigated the most dominant patterns of code switching in Pashto English bilingual data. The data was collected in the form of a semi-structured interview and analyzed in the light of the framework of the Matrix Language Frame model. The study found out that insertion is the dominant pattern of code switching. The Embedded Language noun was the most prevalent switched element in the morpho-syntax frame of Matrix Language. The second most embedded language insertion in the matrix language was the English nonfinite verbs in Pashto light verb construction. The Embedded language island was the third most dominant pattern. The switched elements in the bare DP and the bilingual VP are content words following the Morpheme Order and System Morpheme principles of Pashto.

    Alternation, Congruent Lexicalization, Insertion, Patterns of code Switching, Morphosyntactic Constraints.
    (1) Arshad Ali Khan
    Assistant Professor, Department of Linguistics, UMT, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Anees
    Lecturer,Department of English,Govt College, Peshawar, Kp, Pakistan.
    (3) Ghani Rahman
    Assistant Professor,Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, Kp, Pakistan.
  • Backus, M. (1999) Evidence for lexical chunks in insertional code switching. In E.L. Brendemoen & E. Ryen, (Eds.), Language encounters across time and space, (pp. 93-109). Oslo: Novus Press.
  • Belazi, H. M., Edward J. R. & Almeida J. T. (1994). Code switching and X---bar theory: The functional head constraint. Linguistic Inquiry, 25(2), 221-237.
  • Bhatt, M. (1995). The structure of complex predicates in Urdu. Stanford, California: CSLI Publications.
  • Khan, A. A., & Bukhari, H. N. (2014). Descriptive study of compound verbs and light verbs constructions in Pashto-English Code Switching. Kashmir Journal of Language and Research, 17(2). 2-14.
  • MacSwan, J. (1999). A minimalist approach to intrasentential code switching. New York: Garland Press.
  • MacSwan, J. (2000). The architecture of the bilingual language faculty: Evidence from code switching. Language and Cognition, 3(1), 37-54.
  • Muysken, P. (2000). Bilingual speech: A typology of code switching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Myers-Scotton, C. (2002). Contact linguistics, bilingual encounters and grammatical outcomes. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press
  • Myers-Scotton, C., & Jake, J. (1993) Duelling Languages: Grammatical Structure in Code switching. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Myers-Scotton, C., & Jake, J. (2009). Contact Linguistics: Bilingual Encounters and Grammatical Outcomes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Poplack, S. (1980) Contrasting patterns of code-switching in two communities. In M. Heller (Eds.), Code switching, anthropological and sociolinguistic approaches, (pp.17-44). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
  • Treffers-Daller, J. (1994). Mixing Two Languages: French-Dutch contact in a comparative perspective. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Cite this article

    CHICAGO : Khan, Arshad Ali, Muhammad Anees, and Ghani Rahman. 2020. "The Patterns of Code-Switching in Pashto-English Bilingual Data." Global Social Sciences Review, V (I): 123-133 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2020(V-I).13
    HARVARD : KHAN, A. A., ANEES, M. & RAHMAN, G. 2020. The Patterns of Code-Switching in Pashto-English Bilingual Data. Global Social Sciences Review, V, 123-133.
    MHRA : Khan, Arshad Ali, Muhammad Anees, and Ghani Rahman. 2020. "The Patterns of Code-Switching in Pashto-English Bilingual Data." Global Social Sciences Review, V: 123-133
    MLA : Khan, Arshad Ali, Muhammad Anees, and Ghani Rahman. "The Patterns of Code-Switching in Pashto-English Bilingual Data." Global Social Sciences Review, V.I (2020): 123-133 Print.
    OXFORD : Khan, Arshad Ali, Anees, Muhammad, and Rahman, Ghani (2020), "The Patterns of Code-Switching in Pashto-English Bilingual Data", Global Social Sciences Review, V (I), 123-133
    TURABIAN : Khan, Arshad Ali, Muhammad Anees, and Ghani Rahman. "The Patterns of Code-Switching in Pashto-English Bilingual Data." Global Social Sciences Review V, no. I (2020): 123-133. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2020(V-I).13