Abstract

Due to the restriction of "Western consciousness", structural contradictions in the spatial distribution, poor interference in special policies etc., "Middle and Western Higher Education" is an important concept under the triple incentives of social cognition, technical route and policy formulation be formed. The development mode, spindle-shaped school hierarchy, and two-level management system hinder the revitalization of Midwest higher education, resulting in cognitive, technology, and design lock-ins as the three forms of path dependence. Establish the value concept of strengthening the school with quality, and take the connotative development as the revitalization. The top priority of the development work; build a pyramid-shaped school-running hierarchy, and take a characteristic rather than a comprehensive development path; plus, Greater support for institutions of higher learning in the middle and western regions, and the expansion of the overall planning and management authority of the provincial government, is the starting point for the revival of the advanced education in the middle and western regions. Possible solutions from "Locked" to "Advanced".

Key Words

Higher education in the Midwest, Western awareness, Revitalization, Lock-in, Advanced 

Introduction

Revitalizing advanced education in the Middle and Western regions is crucial for fostering a strong nation and modernizing our educational system, which is being addressed through strategic initiatives like the "Comprehensive Strength Improvement Project of Universities in Middle and Western China". However, constrained by the traditional development path, in the process of continuous self-strengthening, advanced education in the Midwest further weakens the favour for other possible paths, thus falling into the dilemma of path dependence. North(North, DC) Starting from institutional theory, discussing path-dependence On the basis of the formation mechanism of Lai, it is pointed out that "path dependence mainly involves It reaches the cognitive level, technical level and institutional level" [1]. North division of the three levels of path dependence for our analysis The motivation behind the significant idea of "Central and Western higher education" is essential" and the woes of midwestern higher education provision A more appropriate analysis framework is helpful for solving the problem of high The problems encountered in the revitalization of education have a high degree of relevance sex. Taking North's division as the starting point, the higher education in the Midwest Cognitive judgment, technical design, and institutional construction in education revitalization Conduct historical analysis and reality scanning to explore higher education in the Midwest theoretical propositions and practical difficulties of Yu Zhenxing at three levels Environment, can provide Midwestern higher education revitalization from "lockdown" to "Advanced" provides possible solutions.

Generative Logic: "Higher Education in the Midwest “Triple Incentives for Concept Formation

"The emergence of any concept must carry a certain historical process and historical content. "[2] "Higher Education in the Midwest" As a source of historical precipitation, accompanied by policy changes, Important concepts that stand out in current practice, not only point to A specific area is also a historical existence, or A topic that touches on policymaking, for all "follow-up Catch-up countries, regions, and institutions of higher learning have profound and Broad representation.

The constraints of “Western consciousness”: “Central and Western higher education Social cognitive incentives for the formation of the concept of” education"

Altbach (PG) has pointed out that the "centre-periphery" higher education system structure not only exists between higher education in developed and underdeveloped countries but also exists in the same country, same region or university organization interior” [3]. The "Midwest" region serves as a definite area existence and geographical location, both have a vast territory, naturally rich in resources and other advantages, but also have a relatively remote geographical location. The natural environment is relatively harsh, and transportation convenience is a relatively low potential.

The distinct geomorphological structure and geographical location of middle and western regions, combined with a market economy and commercial society backdrop, resulted in a significant development gap compared to the historically affluent East. This economic disparity directly impacts the progress and scope of higher education, creating a "centre-periphery" structure in the field, as described by Altbach.

According to dialectical materialism matter determines consciousness In the Central and Western Regions that have long been infiltrated in the "marginal" structure Gradually, a "Western Consciousness" was born, and they believed that the Midwest Higher education in the region can only rely on backwardness and must be backward in development thinking think. Some scholars summed up "Western Consciousness" as people's "experienced historical basis, geographical conditions, economic level, social environment and Influenced by the cultural atmosphere and other factors, the long-term impact on higher education in the west A condition of slow development or unrealized revitalization, taken for granted Be resigned, be content with the status quo, draw the ground into a prison, powerless, habitually dependent thinking cognition" [4]. The "Western Consciousness" perspective negatively impacts the healthy growth of higher education in the Midwest region, and this harm will further be aggravating the solidification of "Western consciousness", it is easy to cause Chinese and Western differences, slow development of the Ministry of Higher Education— "Western Consciousness" intensifies——The vicious cycle of lagging behind the improvement of higher education in the middle and western regions ring. This has led to a high level of self-cultivation in higher education in the Midwest. High-level talents "cannot be retained", graduates "cannot be attracted", etc. Dilemma. Statistics reveal significant disparities between Eastern and Western regions in terms of senior full-time faculty representation and local employment rates for university graduates, with higher figures in the East and lower in the West. Examining the proportion of full-time teachers holding senior professional titles, the national average is 43.3%; however, the average in the seven western provinces and five central provinces falls below this national benchmark[5]. From higher Looking at the local employment rate of school graduates, "Midwestern colleges and universities Employment ratios of graduates moving to the three major regions of the East, Central and West were 66.34%, 15.53% and 18.14% respectively, showing an overall Now it is gathering in the developed provinces in the east, and the vast middle and western provinces, the level of agglomeration is relatively low” [6].

Structural contradictions in the spatial layout: "The central and western regions Incentives for the technical route formed by the concept of" higher education"

If "Western Consciousness" is Midwestern Higher Education social cognitive incentives for concept formation, then, higher education space. The structural contradiction in the layout of the middle and western regions is the technical route incentives for the formation of ideas. Higher Education in Midwest My country It has been a hundred years since the advancement of education, "From the conception of the school district system, Western Expeditions, Schools and Departments Adjusted to Western Higher Education Revitalization Plan "Promoting"[7], the country's macro-control on resource allocation has the role played by the growth of higher education in the Midwest is self-evident. Looking back at history, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, there were three large-scale and long-standing higher education structure layout adjustment events, the advancement of higher education in the Midwest had a profound influence. The first is the 1952 National Institute of Colleges and Universities The adjustment of departments has made many universities move towards new democracy with a new attitude righteous way forward. Legacy before the founding of the People's Republic of China The colleges and universities that have come down are fighting each other, uneven distribution, and thin engineering Weak, Incapable of meeting the requirements of economic and social development for high-level talents needs, and for this purpose all state-owned institutions, including Higher education establishments the integration of colleges and departments, and the construction of major engineering colleges and departments in the middle and western regions High school adjustments. The second is that in 1955, Coastal University carried out Strategic inward relocation, relocating similar majors of coastal colleges and universities to the mainland newly established higher education institutions. The more famous of these is the According to the "About Higher Education Institutions in Coastal Cities", Shanghai Jiaotong University The report on the handling plan for capital construction tasks in 1955 was relocated To Xi'an established Xi'an JiaotongUniversity... Ministry of Higher Education's Ding Jiaotong University moved from Shanghai to Xi'an in 1956. The basic construction work began in 1955, and the last large scale of development is 12,500 people" ?8?. The third is to build During the establishment period, some colleges and universities in the east were based on the national economic structure Institutional adjustment and national defence combat readiness requirements of colleges and universities Slight westward migration. Among them, the most famous ones are the current National University of Defense Technology in Changsha and the establishment of the University of Science and Technology of China, Hu Hefei, etc. The above three adjustments to the layout of higher education greatly narrowed the gap between Eastern and Western higher education, it has had a profound and positive impact on the growth of higher education in the Midwestextreme impact.

Advanced education modernization development strategy is of the country i.e. against the background of economic globalization and increasingly intense competition. It is an important deployment for our country to move towards the goal of becoming a powerful education country. "Middle China's Education Modernization 2035 proposes that "by 2035, the overall Realize the modernization of education and step into the ranks of educational power" [9]. This is a great opportunity for the development of higher education in the Midwest Opportunity is also a challenge. Huntington (Huntington, S. P.) once pointed out that "Modernization represents a transformative, multifaceted, systematic, global, enduring, phased, consistent, irreversible progression towards advancement." ?10?. For advanced education in the Midwest to take modernization as the goal of development, it is necessary to complete the teaching of Fundamental reforms in technical routes such as educational structure and layout. Overall, as far as the development of higher education in the Midwest is concerned, the structural layout, etc. There is still a lack of systemization, integrity and balance in the technical route Sex, there is a big gap in the requirements of modernization. From Chinese and Western From the perspective of the hierarchical structure of the Ministry of Advanced Education, although different levels of colleges and universities are established in the Midwest, the number Neither size nor size correlates well with regional population size and social Adapt to development. From the layout structure of higher education in the Midwest from the point of view, key universities are too concentrated in certain central cities, Higher education qualifications in some non-central cities and non-capital cities sources are scarce. The type Structure of Higher Education from the Midwest from the point of view, has not been organically combined with emerging industries and interdisciplinary disciplines. The ratio of ordinary academic institutions to vocational colleges is not the same the ability to serve regional characteristic industries is relatively weak.




Weak policy intervention: "Central and Western Higher Education Institutional incentives for the formation of the concept of” education"

The problem of the revitalization of advanced education in the Midwest stems from the historical History but is also highlighted in the present, not only has complexity but also this Problems "embedded in the functioning and structure of society, are the product of social transformation and its changes" [11]. Since the 21st century, in order to promote the growth of advanced education in the Middle and Western regions. The state has issued a series of supporting Special policies for the construction of advanced education in the West. by carding country Special policies, the revival of advanced education in the Midwest can be issued Now, these special policies have the following characteristics: First, implement the "Comprehensive Strength Improvement Project of Universities in Middle and Western China" by concentrating on establishing a collection of top-tier universities in the Midwest, with each province that has institutions directly under the Ministry of Education building one school. Second, increase higher education resources in the Midwest and prioritize its development. The scale and development of vocational education; School subject professional construction, teacher team construction, school management Focus on the construction of systems and operating mechanisms, and increase policy preference efforts to promote the implementation of the "Integrated Enhancement Initiative for Central and Western Universities Program", provincial and ministerial joint construction of colleges and universities in the middle and western regions, counterpart support Aid the work of colleges and universities in the Midwest regions, etc., to form a policy mix fist effect. This series of special policies aim to stimulate the Midwest in the vitality of higher education, its formation and the development of the western region, the central Rise to match the advanced education system. With these policies Under the continuous promotion, advanced education in the Midwest has entered a stage of development on the fast track, The quality of educational institutions has experienced notable enhancement, and overall, the appearance has been greatly improved.

However, the truth remains that"the growth of higher education in the east and west the level of difference is not shrinking, but expanding” [12]. There are many reasons for this, and some studies have pointed out that "due to the goal of narrowing the gap between eastern and western advanced education has not been achieved the target, interventions from 1999 to 2019 were generally within Weak intervention means that the intensity of the intervention is not enough. "[13] Therefore, to adopt Only by taking "strong intervention" measures can we completely reverse the conflicts in the East and the West and the West, the problem of the widening gap in the standard of advanced education within the education department. In the special historical background, the implementation of my country's more typical type of "strong intervention" measures was undoubtedly the eastern highlands during the War of Resistance Against Japan. Wait for the school to move westward strategically. Strategic West of Eastern Colleges and Universities The relocation not only enabled the western provinces without colleges and universities to realize zero breakthroughs but has greatly promoted the growth of higher education in the Midwest. The prosperity and growth of education is still important factor in the growth of higher education in the Midwest. Development has a major impact. People's Republic of China establishment Finally, due to too many historical debts and the priority of development over the years, the hole in the advanced education in the Midwest caused by the East It is difficult to get filled for a while, so the gap between the Midwest and the East Although the potential difference in higher education between China and other countries has been narrowed under the continuous support of this series of policies and the compensatory financial tilt However, the revival of the advanced education in the Midwest is still a long way away. The development of advanced education in the Midwest is still on the way. Facing In 2035, how to "regroup and start again" is central and western What Higher Education Needs to Consider in the New Era question.




Path dependence: Current advanced education in the middle and western regions is the real dilemma facing revitalization

As an important concept, advanced education in the middle and western regions is subject to the triple incentives of social cognition, technical route, and policy formulation It was generated, and its revitalization also showed what North said. Cognitive, technical, and institutional triple path-dependent forms, as a result, there has been a difficult situation that has been repeatedly frustrating.




The development concept of extended expansion: Central and Western high Cognitive locking of educational revitalization, etc.

The development of things has a rheological process, all of which must Go through certain stages of development, and different stages of development, there is also a big difference in the choice of concept in the exhibition method different. Some studies have indicated that “the development of advanced education in the world is bound to It has to go through from the mature stage of extension and expansion of development methods to change. The shift in the underlying meaning and evolution approach during this period.[14]. Middle and Western advanced education, the long-standing cognition of “Western consciousness” in the process of education and development? has determined that advanced education in the middle and Western regions is still based on "waiting, relying, and wanting". The concept of extension-based development is the main one, rather than the connotation-based development concept. Both extension and connotation can achieve higher education Development, the purpose of extension-style development is to be bigger and more complete, and connotation-style purpose of development is to be stronger and better. When a country is higher the overall scale of education is small and the demand in the education market is relatively strong in its heyday, it is advisable to adopt an extended development concept and path and use regulations to drive the overall growth of advanced education in the country flat. When the overall scale of advanced education in a country reaches a certain extent, the demand in the education market has begun to stagnate. When shrinking, it is advisable to adopt a connotation-based development concept and path and use Optimization effects to improve the overall quality of advanced education in the country.

 Since 1999, the expansion of recruitment in higher education establishments has been put into action. After more than 20 years of rapid development, our country has achieved higher education. The shift in education from exclusivity to widespread accessibility and then to popularization. After running has entered the stage of popularization, our country's higher education. It is also facing scale expansion, a declining birth rate, and scale expansion. And the growth of education quality, scale expansion and reform of the education system, A range of issues, including scale expansion and employment difficulties for graduates’ contradiction. Based on a deep understanding of these contradictions, The Ministry of Education, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Finance, in their "Central and Western Higher Education Revitalization Plan (2012-2020)," emphasize the importance of revitalizing Midwest higher education as a strategic priority for advancing and reforming the education system, seize opportunities, and accelerate the solution of conflicts To promote higher advanced in the middle and western regions in the new history At this point, a new leap forward in connotation-based development is realized"[15]. Take the connotation of The development path of the style, this is my country's response to China and the West under the new situation. Ministry of Higher Education “What kind of development is needed" and "How to proceed" The scientific judgment made by "line development". However, confined to supporting support Constrained by conditions such as shortage and high-quality brain drain, some middle-aged people in Western institutions of higher learning still adopt the expansion of subject categories and expansion to achieve the area of running a school, improve the academic requirements of teachers, etc. Its own frog-jumping development.

The spindle-shaped hierarchical structure of running schools: Central and Western high And other technological locks for the revitalization of education

Entering a new period, the strategy of "development as the first priority" The strategic policy has not changed, but the development model of my country's economy and society necessary changes should be made. In the knowledge economy in the world Under the context of the era of vigorous development within the scope, the realization of my country's economy Economic and social development model from labour-intensive to technology-intensive Transformation, taking a high-quality, innovative development path, has become more and more consensus of more and more people. From the perspective of the new economic growth theory school in the future, technological progress is the key to achieving high-quality economic growth, a driving force, while education, especially higher education, is the enabler of technology the main channel of progress is to achieve technological progress to human resources. The foundational project of this transformation, and therefore the regional economic and social an important driving force of modernization. As General Secretary Xi Jinping Remember what was indicated at the Peking University teacher-student symposium: "Today, the development of the party and state's requirements for higher education call for an increased emphasis on scientific knowledge and talent, as the demand for these resources has never been more pressing."[16] Therefore, with the modern Turning it into support, focusing on promoting my country's transition from demographic dividend to human changes in the dividends of human capital, and accelerate the realization of economic growth in the middle and western regions. The innovative development of the economy and society has become a significant step towards the harmonized regional development of our country.

Momentum and model of economic and societal growth in the middle and western areas, there is an urgent need for colleges and universities in the Midwest to strengthen their own link itself with the industrial economy of the region, and enhance their connection with the local socio-economic linkages. At the same time, as a human resource Reservoir, Midwestern colleges and universities also provide the region with excellent technical services and matching talents of various types. And a reasonable school-running hierarchy has become the central and Western higher education system. Education is an important starting point for achieving the above goals, and it has also become a social Technology that will sub-system higher education play its leading role design premise. The reasonable hierarchical structure of higher education is not It only needs to be able to provide high-level support for the economic and social growth of the region Second-level innovative talents can also supply a large number of practical middle-level talents and low-end talent. However, Midwestern higher education presents come from the irregular spindle-shaped hierarchy that leads to its service Insufficient capacity for economic and social transformation and development in the middle and western regions, makes it play an important role in promoting, leading and guiding the economy and society Discount. Some scholars believe that the hierarchical structure of advanced education Refers to "advanced education due to the high level of education and the different levels and their interrelationships formed at a lower level" [17]. Since In 1999, the scale of my country's higher education expanded rapidly and since the inflation, some midwestern institutions of higher learning have Scientific prediction and sensitive cognition of the market, blindly greedy for perfection, bee Constructing and following the trend lead for various kinds of higher education institutions competing to run on the same runway. On the one hand, they are eager for Higher vocational colleges to carry out "professional upgrades", on the other hand, in order to constantly expand by turning general undergraduate colleges into multidisciplinary universities. The scale of the school and the expansion of undergraduate enrollment. this single direction of running a school is modelled and modelled, resulting in high-level academic research, Schools, general undergraduate organization of advanced education, and higher vocational colleges the structure of the school is unbalanced, and the research-oriented, applied-oriented and professional-oriented The proportion of skilled talents is out of balance, showing research-oriented talents and the proportion of professional and skilled talents is too low, while ordinary undergraduates an unreasonable spindle-shaped office with an excessively high level of talent academic hierarchy.  This irregular spindle-shaped school hierarchy structure, does not conform to the socialist modernization drive at all levels The diverse needs of all kinds of talents, on the one hand, will lead to The irreconcilable contradiction between the level of talents and the needs of the industry, Cannot well meet the economic and social growth of the middle and western region's needs; Conversely, due to the existence of "over-education" and "difficult to use", resulting in "overqualified" and "learning beyond what The problem of "use" has formed a challenge to the already scarce educational resources in the Midwest. The serious waste of resources has made the already severe employment situation worse. To add insult to injury.




Two-level management of the central and provincial governments: Middle and western areas Institutional lock-in for the revitalization of advanced education

How to handle the conflict between the government and institutions of advanced education? The complex relationship has always been the focus of the reform of the higher education system and mechanism. important topic. "Overall, the advanced education system is the transformation in the process of popularization shows two characteristics: one is high the education system continues to differentiate and presents a multi-level and diverse Second, power tends to be dispersed throughout the Transformation of Higher Education Management and move down”. [18] Since the mid-1980s, the country has also implemented transformations in the realm of higher education to continuously expand higher education. The school-running system and operating mechanism for the purpose of school-running autonomy system and resource allocation forms, etc., and gradually establish Under the unified leadership of the central government, two levels of management, the central and provincial governments, Higher education management system dominated by provincial governments. Exists "Unified leadership, hierarchical management" higher education management system, Under the guidance of my country's higher education governance structure has significantly improved the improvement of local governments and organization of advanced education. It has also been greatly mobilized, and with the construction of higher education power, the pattern is initially formed. However, the long-term high and other educational institutional obstacles and structural contradictions have not fundamentally the road to the revitalization of higher education in the Midwest is still open There is a long way to go. This is because of the principle of "unified leadership, hierarchical management" How effective is the management system and governance structure of higher education? Most of the time it depends on the provincial government's investment in colleges and universities within its jurisdiction. How much did you pay? The provincial government votes for colleges and universities within its jurisdiction the amount of income "often depends on the financial resources" ?19?. Influenced by the natural, social and cultural environment, etc. Restricted by external conditions, in the middle and western areas are operating in new markets The tide of the economy is receding steadily, and the gap with the eastern region remains Continue to expand. As a result, provincial government finances in the middle and western areas are more difficult, provincial fiscal capacity between the East and Midwest gap is huge. Unbalanced regional economic development and provincial fiscal gap in government capacity will inevitably lead to greater reliance on provincial fiscal advanced education in the middle and western regions generally face the problem of resource shortage, Dilemma.

Clark (K.) has said, "Two factors fundamentally determine what we coordinate: tasks in higher education dominant structure of affairs and power involved in it” [20]. Provincial How much the government invests in colleges and universities within its jurisdiction depends not only on it but depends on the capacity of each provincial finance, and also "depends on Under the influence of different educational concepts of provincial and local governments, Awareness of the importance of higher education and whether they are willing to willingness to invest in education” [21]. Due to the lack of sufficient outside Promote and induce investing in advanced education in the Midwest the willingness to invest also lags behind that of the eastern region. This is because the management system and governance structure of "unified leadership and hierarchical management" Institutions only transfer part of the authority of advanced education from the central sector was handed over to provincial governments and higher education institutions but in Enrollment plan review, approval of major scientific research projects, education funding in terms of decisive powers such as the phenomenon of concentration. Moreover, with the "Double First-Class" and other countries' implementation of the higher education strategy, the provincial governments in the middle and western areas, governments and institutions of higher learning, and their dependence on central finance have increased No subtraction. As a result, the Midwest region as a Midwestern higher the main body responsible for the revitalization of education, its investment in higher education the willingness is seriously insufficient, and the thinking of "waiting, relying, and wanting" is relatively clear Significantly. In this case, whether Midwestern higher education in terms of high-quality resources and funding, or in terms of school conditions and teachers in terms of capital strength and other aspects, there are obvious gaps with the eastern region distance taking high-quality resources of advanced education as an example, "in the Ministry of Education No. In the four rounds of subject evaluation, the eastern area, the central zone, and the western territory the proportions of Class A disciplines in the region are 70.72%, 19.99%, 9.29%” [22]. Midwest and East Compared with excellent resources in advanced education, there are obvious disadvantages.

Progressive Growth: Potential Solutions for Reinvigoration of Higher Education in Central and Western Areas

"The path is dependent on the self-strengthening mechanism, and the path is effective Sex, sunk costs, rent-seeking behaviour of interest groups, etc. in the organization The influence of internal pressure is usually difficult to break.”[23] Only "When the accidental events presented in the situation have a high degree of impact When the influence of the origin of the existing dominant logical path is affected, it will Trigger internal changes and become a breakthrough in the current dominant logical path The origin of dependence"[24]. This means that advanced education in the middle and western areas is higher, the revitalization of education must achieve advanced development and introduce new cognition and new Technology and the new system has forced higher education in the middle and western areas to jump out of comfort. A suitable circle, constantly breaking the previously locked dominant logic, will be the "post-development disadvantage" of the Ministry of Higher Education was reversed to "post-development advantage", thereby promoting the overall revival of advanced education in the middle and western areas and the overall rises.




Establish the cognitive concept of a strong quality school and put the connotation Style development as the top priority of revitalization work

To achieve leapfrog progress in advanced education in the middle and Western regions, it must be transformed. Change the concept of cognition, change can only relieve local difficulties temporarily.

The extension-based development model of the dilemma takes connotation-based development as, the top priority of revitalization work. 




Extension of Higher Education 

The exhibition should have its own internal scale, beyond the appropriate internal scale degree, the extended development will not only cause the extreme loss of educational resources big waste will also bring uncertainty to individual development and social progress. The influence of profit. Some of the revivals of advanced education in central and western China Indicators are defined by simple numbers, so the problems precipitated in the process of revitalization of advanced education in the West are as follows the great achievements made are just as concerning. After experiencing the concept of extended development for a long time has not encountered development problems. After that, central and western higher education should calm down and establish.

The new concept of open and shared, with connotation and development as the main focus, realizes the road to revitalization: the importance of “seeking greatness by quantity” to "strengthening by quality" transformation.

"The connotation-based development of higher education is to improve talents level and quality of training are the core goals, and they mainly rely on learning. The increase in the number of schools and the expansion of enrollment mainly depends on the improvement of teacher quality, the optimization of educational content and methods, and the teaching innovation and transformation of the education management system and mechanism." [25] Mid-Western High And other education to accelerate the realization of connotation-based development and realize one's own development The key to revitalization is to work hard in the following aspects.

First of all, colleges and universities in Midwest need to stick to higher education, the ontological value of education, and the Comprehensive revitalization of higher education in the Midwest. It is a long-term project of a system, there is no "magic bullet” available Fighting must be based on adhering to the ontological value of higher education Fight steadily, step by step slowly.

The vibration of the growth of advanced in the Midwest from Extension to connotation the transmutation of the road to prosperity requires that central and Western institutions of higher learning cannot get rid of it. Away from the ontological value of higher education, to pursue leapfrog development or catch-up development; on the contrary, pursuing leapfrog development and chase Catch-up development should obey and serve the ontology of higher education value. "The modernization of higher education should be based on promoting human development. Strategic foothold, because people are not only a means of development, but also The purpose of development, the most fundamental role of higher education cultivate all kinds of high-quality professionals, thereby promoting human developmentSurface development.”[26] Therefore, colleges and universities in the Midwest should continue to improve the quality of talent training and optimize the talent training system to the Midwest provide a high-quality talent team and innovation to obtain national recognition for the research results, so as to obtain more national resources and social support.

Secondly, the revival of advanced education in the Midwest needs to establish harmony and Practice the "value-added quality concept". "Value-added qualitative view" is a push.

The basic basis for the connotation-based development of higher education, and establishing harmony Practicing the "value-added quality concept" is to accelerate the realization of China and the West in the new era. The only way for the connotation-based growth of higher education in the ministry Current. The Midwest institutions of advanced education themselves and even all walks of life are conducting qualitative research. When judging the quantity, they all focus on whether the school is large enough and learning.

Whether the subjects are complete, the number of teachers' achievements, etc. “Static quality ViewonThis kind of "only title", "only resource", and "only quantity" The accumulated habit of judging should be transformed to emphasize Chinese and Western culture. To fulfil the requirements of financial and societal growth and promote learning, the ministry's institutions of higher learning Student professional development were formed to enhance the overall strength of the school's "Value-added qualitative view".

 Finally, the revival of institutions of advanced education in the Midwest requires reformers' talent training model. Talent training is the connotation of higher education. One of the core tasks of the exhibition. The Central and Western colleges of Higher Learning have only Xiang Only by providing high-quality and large-scale talents to the regional society can we obtain Get social recognition and more development resources. Needless to say, in other words, for many or even most of the Midwest colleges and universities in terms of, it can only be in the direction of teaching-based institutions of higher learning forward. For this part of the institutions of advanced learning, we must fully recognize the necessity and urgency of running a teaching-oriented institution of higher learning Sex, "truly return to the core mission and task of talent training Come up"[27], with "thick foundation, heavy capacity, wide calibre, and ability to create with the goal of” new and good practice", starting from curriculum setting and teaching reform start with cultural construction, teacher training, etc., and put the pressure on revitalization Force truly becomes the motivation to move forward.

Build a pyramid-shaped hierarchical structure of running schools and go Characteristic rather than a comprehensive development path

At present, advanced education in the Midwest of our country depends on survival and Development funds are still mainly based on government financial allocations. A multitude of higher education establishments in the Midwest in order to obtain more from the government With so many educational resources, they often ignore the traditions and characteristics of their own development.

Colour, level and type, blindly chasing the big and seeking perfection. This not only leads to as a result, the overall strength of the school has not been significantly improved, and it has not yet been compressed.

The advantages accumulated by the central and Western colleges and universities for a long time The development space of potential disciplines, characteristic disciplines, traditional disciplines, etc.

Depending on the type of talent training, some scholars will study higher education The school is divided into academic research institutions of higher learning, and intermediate types of higher learning There are three types of schools and higher vocational colleges, of which the intermediate type is higher The school mainly includes teaching-based and undergraduate-based (can be trained (Postgraduate students) colleges, most local institutions of higher learning, teachers Fan colleges and universities, etc.[28] Three types of institutions of higher learning, each Undertake different talent training tasks, in the innovation of knowledge?The transformation of achievements, the popularization and application of technology, etc. play a role Different and difficult-to-replace roles. Due to the talent market, the needs of the field lack sufficient sensitivity, and the central and Western higher education in terms of the hierarchical structure of running schools, there is a higher education than in the East. Education is a more obvious intermediate type of talent training in institutions of higher learning There is excess capacity, talents at the specialist level and talents at the high-end level The outstanding problem of insufficient training ability.

When the nation urged the reinvigoration of advanced learning in the central and western areas, the context of fortifying higher education in these regions fostered a strong bond between advanced knowledge and the regional economy. The linkage development mechanism of the economy and society is urgently needed. Waiting for education to find its own positioning and hierarchical structure of running schools Work hard on adjustment.

First of all, the rules of advanced education in the Midwest should be the spindle-shaped hierarchical structure of the school is transformed into a pyramid-shaped layer Substructure. This calls for the central and western regions to regulate the unchecked expansion of undergraduate programs in mid-level higher education institutions. By introducing new majors, these institutions can be directed toward developing expertise in specialized fields. It is crucial to increase the capacity for training high-level talents in academic research institutions and enhance graduate-level education quality. At the same time, it is important to ensure that for-profit vocational education avoids improper practices in Education, adult education and special education. Actively develop higher vocational colleges Specialized education must be expanded to a certain extent in scale. The quality must be significantly improved, and the characteristics should be prominent.

Operability and career orientation to enhance its talent training and economy The adaptability of social development needs to restrict it simply for promotion Expand the scale for the purpose of learning. Different types of institutions of higher learning Each performs its own duties, scientific positioning and complementary advantages, and can effectively regulate Avoid repeated construction and disorderly competition, and optimizing the distribution of land in the Midwest area's limited higher education resources can be utilized more effectively to better address the demands of the economy and society. Will develop the urgent need for stepped talents and avoid low talents The emergence of the phenomenon of high use and low use of high talents.

Secondly, encourage good relations between institutions of advanced education of the same type of Sexual competition, prohibiting vicious competition between different types of institutions of advanced learning education. It is essential for the nation to enhance the quality of higher education in the middle and western areas. Conduct classification management and scientific evaluation to avoid using the same standard, even just utilize the standard of scientific investigation to measure different types of higher learning. The development of the school guides different types of institutions of advanced education in their respective Strive for first-class in the category to promote higher learning in the Midwest, Diversification and characteristic development. In the popularization of higher learning and in the popularization stage, institutions of advanced education of any level and positioning are with irreplaceable functions, they can all be done in their respective fields First-class.

Finally, higher education in the Midwest should make full use of the country.

The dividends of policies such as the" Belt and Road" and its own unique nature Resources, geographical advantages, and cultural landscape, take the characteristic type rather than the whole development path of the face shape. In our country, the innovation-led shift of the growth model of the domestic and international dual-cycle mutual promotion During the critical period, all levels and types of higher learning in the Midwest Schools must be based on local realities and follow their own cultural traditions. And geographical advantages form unique characteristics of running schools, and actively respond and integrated into the national "Belt and Road" initiative so that it can benefit from the "nerve endings" that were opened up to the outside world and became "frontier positions". Therefore, higher learning in the Midwest should take the initiative to connect the Midwest economies, The requirements of societal progress and the modification of industrial structures stem "from industrial advancement." Learn from the nutrition of the modernization of higher education and promote high and other education and leading industries with regional characteristics complement each other"[29]? Thereby promoting itself from a" closed and conservative ivory tower" to a "closed and conservative ivory tower". "The leading centre of Knowledge Innovation".

Increase support for central and Western institutions of higher learning and expand overall management authority of the provincial government

In the 1980s, my country implemented reforms to expand the autonomy of educational institutions, aiming to improve the system and mechanisms for higher education. These reforms achieved significant results and substantial breakthroughs. However, when viewed holistically, the central and western regions still need to exhibit more financial investment capacity, intentions, management concepts, and operating mechanisms compared to reform expectations. It has led to a widening disparity between higher education in the central and western regions and the eastern region. To comprehensively revitalize higher education and contribute a vital chapter to the progress of our country's advanced learning, improving the management system and governance structure is essential, ensuring a more robust and precise strategy for higher education development.

First of all, by scientifically planning the geographical allocation of higher education resources, the Bureau has increased its support for higher learning in the Midwest. Capital Source allocation is a powerful promotion for the revitalization of higher learning in the Midwest Strength is indispensable for the revitalization of higher education in the central and western regions. condition for now, high-quality resources for advanced education in our country, the dominant power is also mainly concentrated in the hands of the government, and the finances Funding is still the main and relatively stable for various institutions of advanced education, and the source of funding, Facing the area formed by my country for a long time.

The uneven condition of regional development and the significant disparity in the distribution of higher education resources necessitate revitalizing higher education in the central and western regions. This revitalization is closely linked to the sustained support of national policies, financial supplements, and compensatory measures, which serve as essential "blood transfusion" actions. The country should continue to increase The university's investment and support in higher learning in Midwest, "Through the implementation of the Midwest Higher Education Revival Plan, counterpart support The plan for universities in the western region, the support plan for the construction of universities jointly by the provinces and ministries? Concentrate on establishing top-tier universities and premier academic disciplines within the province while implementing policies that favour allocating public higher education resources to the central and western regions in the new era. This approach aims to alleviate the pressures arising from insufficient funding and delayed progress of higher education in these regions[30].

Secondly, enhance the overall coordination and management authority of provincial governments in the central and western regions to improve higher education's "self-sustaining" capabilities in these areas. Addressing local governments' administrative management and financial inefficiencies is essential, as is avoiding short-sighted behaviours when implementing national policies. While continued support and monetary compensation can help bolster higher education's financial capacity in these regions, it is crucial to establish a sense of ownership among provincial governments and institutions of higher learning.

It is necessary to break free from traditional management thinking and overcome the passive mindset of "waiting, relying, and wanting" prevalent in central and Western higher education institutions. Simultaneously, reduce direct executive interference in higher education in these regions, and consider decentralization a driving force for revitalizing higher education. Strengthening the autonomous capabilities of provincial governments and higher education institutions will establish a dynamic and adaptable system that can effectively respond to the financial investments required for economic and social development.

Moreover, further adjustments to the higher education system should involve shared responsibility between central and local authorities. The provincial government's role should transition to a co-responsible system, primarily led by the central government, to quickly address the bottlenecks in higher education funding in the western regions.

By implementing these changes, the central and western regions can foster a more relevant, robust, and transparent higher education system that actively adapts to economic and social development demands.[31].

Finally, the government should take the initiative to change its functions to achieve higher education. The education governance model has changed from "state dominance" (State Control) to "state supervision" (State Control). Model) to “State Supervision” (State Supervision Model) [32] The transformation, and the establishment of a system based on decentralization A strong” accountability system" management model. Salmi?Salmi? J.) Think, "Universities should be given greater freedom. The short-term restraint of the government does not bring excellence, it needs to Find an appropriate balance between supervision, guidance, and institutional autonomy Balance"[33]. Decentralization of power and "transfer of government management roles" The change does not mean that the role of the government has been reduced, but has become More important and effective"[34]. This means that the country is right The responsibility and power for the revitalization of higher learning in the Midwest should be derived from Getting rid of the model of too much involvement in specific management affairs? Striving to be "positive and promising" but not "offside and chaotic", and more Most of them are indirectly regulated by legislation, planning, evaluation, and services. The form is embodied. 

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