State and Society under the Zikris in Makran: A Historical Account
Makran is the South-Western division of Balochistan, Pakistan and the South-Eastern region of Sistan-wa-Balochistan, Iran. Makran has been of great importance to many superpowers of the last thirteen centuries. Macedonians, Sassanid Persians, Sindhi Brahmins, and Arabs had all laid nominal claim to Makran at various times. It has been the battlefield for several ancient powers such as Sassanid, Indians and Greek. Throughout the medieval era, it was dominated by the Arabs and other Central Asian dynasties such as the Seljuks, Ghaznavids and Ghorids. During the 16th century, it was also invaded by the Portuguese. However, authority always remained with local rulers, particularly the Maliks, the Buledis and the Ghichkis. The Zikris are the followers of Sayyid Muhammad Jaunpuri and recognized him as Mahdi. During the 15th century, the Zikrism spread rapidly in Makran and gained considerable political support as it succeeded to establish a state in Makran. However, during the 18th
century, the Zikri State was attacked and occupied by the ruler of Kalat State, Khan Mir Nasir Khan. The Zikri ruled Makran for almost three centuries, which was known for justice, peace and prosperity in Makran. The paper examines the historical development of the Zikri State in Makran and also discusses its socio-political structure and administration in the light of primary sources.
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(1) Mubarak Ayub
Ph.D. Candidate, Department of History & Pakistan Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Safi Ullah Khan Marwat
Assistant Professor, Department of History & Pakistan Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Cite this article
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APA : Ayub, M., & Marwat, S. U. K. (2023). State and Society under the Zikris in Makran: A Historical Account. Global Social Sciences Review, VIII(II), 108-118. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2023(VIII-II).11
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CHICAGO : Ayub, Mubarak, and Safi Ullah Khan Marwat. 2023. "State and Society under the Zikris in Makran: A Historical Account." Global Social Sciences Review, VIII (II): 108-118 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2023(VIII-II).11
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HARVARD : AYUB, M. & MARWAT, S. U. K. 2023. State and Society under the Zikris in Makran: A Historical Account. Global Social Sciences Review, VIII, 108-118.
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MHRA : Ayub, Mubarak, and Safi Ullah Khan Marwat. 2023. "State and Society under the Zikris in Makran: A Historical Account." Global Social Sciences Review, VIII: 108-118
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MLA : Ayub, Mubarak, and Safi Ullah Khan Marwat. "State and Society under the Zikris in Makran: A Historical Account." Global Social Sciences Review, VIII.II (2023): 108-118 Print.
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OXFORD : Ayub, Mubarak and Marwat, Safi Ullah Khan (2023), "State and Society under the Zikris in Makran: A Historical Account", Global Social Sciences Review, VIII (II), 108-118
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TURABIAN : Ayub, Mubarak, and Safi Ullah Khan Marwat. "State and Society under the Zikris in Makran: A Historical Account." Global Social Sciences Review VIII, no. II (2023): 108-118. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2023(VIII-II).11