Role of Urban Parks in Climate Change Adaptation: The Fundamentals for Establishment of Indicators with a special focus on Punjab, Pakistan
Urban parks are the essential city elements which provide eco benefits in the current time of rapid urbanization and industrialization. Climate change produced due to such human activities generated significant impacts. Climate change is a major phenomenon observed in the environment at global level. Pakistan is among the top ten countries who are facing climate change at the fastest rate. Indicators are the parameters which can measure the climate change rate and adaptation level of urban parks for appropriate monitoring and outcomes. Certain factors and indicators are required to be identified and a framework should be established to evaluate the urban parks. A system is required to be developed to assign the weightages to the established indicators for evaluation and monitoring of urban parks to increase their effectiveness and functionality. Urban parks can provide sustainable adaptation if monitored and evaluated successfully.
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(1) Bazla Manzoor
Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Architecture, School of Architecture and Planning, University of Management and Technology Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Saima Gulzar
Professor-Chairperson, Department of Architecture, School of Architecture and Planning, University of Management and Technology Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Aamir Basheer
Assistant Professor, Interdisciplinary Research Center for Smart Mobility and Logistics, Department of Architecture and City Design, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
Cite this article
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APA : Manzoor, B., Gulzar, S., & Basheer, M. A. (2025). Role of Urban Parks in Climate Change Adaptation: The Fundamentals for Establishment of Indicators with a special focus on Punjab, Pakistan. Global Social Sciences Review, X(II), 80-103. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2025(X-II).07
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CHICAGO : Manzoor, Bazla, Saima Gulzar, and Muhammad Aamir Basheer. 2025. "Role of Urban Parks in Climate Change Adaptation: The Fundamentals for Establishment of Indicators with a special focus on Punjab, Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review, X (II): 80-103 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2025(X-II).07
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HARVARD : MANZOOR, B., GULZAR, S. & BASHEER, M. A. 2025. Role of Urban Parks in Climate Change Adaptation: The Fundamentals for Establishment of Indicators with a special focus on Punjab, Pakistan. Global Social Sciences Review, X, 80-103.
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MHRA : Manzoor, Bazla, Saima Gulzar, and Muhammad Aamir Basheer. 2025. "Role of Urban Parks in Climate Change Adaptation: The Fundamentals for Establishment of Indicators with a special focus on Punjab, Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review, X: 80-103
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MLA : Manzoor, Bazla, Saima Gulzar, and Muhammad Aamir Basheer. "Role of Urban Parks in Climate Change Adaptation: The Fundamentals for Establishment of Indicators with a special focus on Punjab, Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review, X.II (2025): 80-103 Print.
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OXFORD : Manzoor, Bazla, Gulzar, Saima, and Basheer, Muhammad Aamir (2025), "Role of Urban Parks in Climate Change Adaptation: The Fundamentals for Establishment of Indicators with a special focus on Punjab, Pakistan", Global Social Sciences Review, X (II), 80-103
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TURABIAN : Manzoor, Bazla, Saima Gulzar, and Muhammad Aamir Basheer. "Role of Urban Parks in Climate Change Adaptation: The Fundamentals for Establishment of Indicators with a special focus on Punjab, Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review X, no. II (2025): 80-103. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2025(X-II).07