Lived Experiences of Women Entrepreneurs Regarding Socio-Cultural Constraints in Entrepreneurship in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
The research paper investigates the socio-cultural constraints faced by women entrepreneurs during startup and expansion of their entrepreneurial ventures in Ahmedpur East of District Bahawalpur through documenting their lived experiences. The research is primarily a multi-sited ethnography and utilizes qualitative research methods such as in-depth semi-structured interviews and focused group discussions on collecting primary data from a selective sample of 25 entrepreneurs ascertained through sampling technique. The study highlights gender-specific socio-cultural challenges such as social perceptions and biases, work-life balance, patronage of male family members, restricted mobility owing to Purdah and low recognition and payment of women's work etc. as prime reasons that hinder not only women participation as entrepreneurs but also inhibits their engagements and choices in entrepreneurship. Socio-cultural factors not only systematically impact women's social interactions and decision-making but transform into multiple other challenges that women fight and struggle with while making their space as entrepreneurs.
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Ahmedpur East, Entrepreneurship, Gender, Lived Experiences, Multi-Sited Ethnography, Socio-Cultural Challenges, Southern Punjab, Women Entrepreneur
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(1) Mehreen Raza
M. Phil Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Inam Ullah Leghari
Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Cite this article
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APA : Raza, M., & Leghari, I. U. (2020). Lived Experiences of Women Entrepreneurs Regarding Socio-Cultural Constraints in Entrepreneurship in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Global Social Sciences Review, V(III), 10-20. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2020(V-III).02
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CHICAGO : Raza, Mehreen, and Inam Ullah Leghari. 2020. "Lived Experiences of Women Entrepreneurs Regarding Socio-Cultural Constraints in Entrepreneurship in Southern Punjab, Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review, V (III): 10-20 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2020(V-III).02
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HARVARD : RAZA, M. & LEGHARI, I. U. 2020. Lived Experiences of Women Entrepreneurs Regarding Socio-Cultural Constraints in Entrepreneurship in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Global Social Sciences Review, V, 10-20.
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MHRA : Raza, Mehreen, and Inam Ullah Leghari. 2020. "Lived Experiences of Women Entrepreneurs Regarding Socio-Cultural Constraints in Entrepreneurship in Southern Punjab, Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review, V: 10-20
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MLA : Raza, Mehreen, and Inam Ullah Leghari. "Lived Experiences of Women Entrepreneurs Regarding Socio-Cultural Constraints in Entrepreneurship in Southern Punjab, Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review, V.III (2020): 10-20 Print.
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OXFORD : Raza, Mehreen and Leghari, Inam Ullah (2020), "Lived Experiences of Women Entrepreneurs Regarding Socio-Cultural Constraints in Entrepreneurship in Southern Punjab, Pakistan", Global Social Sciences Review, V (III), 10-20
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TURABIAN : Raza, Mehreen, and Inam Ullah Leghari. "Lived Experiences of Women Entrepreneurs Regarding Socio-Cultural Constraints in Entrepreneurship in Southern Punjab, Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review V, no. III (2020): 10-20. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2020(V-III).02