Changing Trends in Indigenous Language Use in Pakistani Rural Community
The study investigates the speech practices of rural Pothohari speakers in the home domain in the light of demographic variables: income, age, education and occupation. It discovers various social, economic, political and affective factors and their complex relationship with respect to language preferences and changes in patterns of use. The data for the study comes from recorded dinner time conversations of the native Pothohari speakers and their interviews. The study highlights interesting facts about family language use, language choices and the sociolinguistic situation of the Pthothari speech community. The findings suggest that Pothohari is undergoing the complex process of language shift and desertion. It is expected that the study will be a move toward raising awareness about endangering the subsistence of the indigenous language and will broaden the understanding regarding language maintenance and the shifting process.
-
Language Attitude, Language Maintenance/Shift, Mother Tongue, Pothohari
-
(1) Samina Tabassum
PhD Scholar, Fatima Jinnah Women University Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Samina Amin Qadir
Professor Emeritus, Fatima Jinnah Women University Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
- Abbasi, M., & Aftab, M. (2019). Mother tongue or the other tongue? The case of Dhatki-speaking urban youth. Balochistan Journal of Linguistics, 7, 81-92. https://www.researchgate.net
- Ali, S. (2015). Minority Language speakers’ journey from the Mother tongue to the other tongue: A case study. Kashmir Journal of Language Research, 18(3). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3507 88068
- Anjum, U and Siddiqui, A. (2012). Exploring Attitudinal Shift in Pothwari: A Study of the Three Generations. Pakistan Journal of History and Culture, 33(1).
- Baart, J. (2003). Sustainable development and the maintenance of Pakistan’s indigenous languages. Proceeding of conference on the state of the social sciences and humanities: current scenario and emerging trends Islamabad. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu
- Bakar, A. (2014). Culture Infiltration through Language: Impact on Contemporary Pakistan. M.Phil. University of Management and Technology, Lahore. http://escholar.umt.edu.
- Asif, S. (2005). Siraiki: A Sociolinguistic study of Language Desertion. Ph.D. University of Edinburgh. https://www.semanticscholar.org
- Balfaqeeh, M. (2015). Generational change and language in the UAE: The desertion of the Emirati vernacular. Globe: A Journal of Language, Culture and Communication, 1, 17- 30. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3087 10771_Generational_change_and_Language_in _the_UAE_The_desertion_of_the_Emirati_ver nacular
- Crystal, D. (2000). Language death. In Applied Psycholinguistics (269-273). Cambridge University Press. https//www.researchgate.net/publication/23188 6685
- David, M., Ali, M., & Baloch, G. (2017). Language shift or maintenance: The case of the Sindhi language in Pakistan. Language Problems & Language Planning, 41(1), 26-42. https//doi.org/10.1075/lplp.41.1.02dav.
- Lothers, M., & Lothers, L. (2010). Pahari and Pothwari: A sociolinguistic survey. SIL. https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/51/43 /60/51436058131
- Rasul, S. (2013). Borrowing and Code Mixing in Pakistani Children’s Magazines: Practices and Functions. Pakistaniaat: A Journal of PakistanStudies, 5, (2). https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/291839132.pdf
- Ravindranath, M. (2009). Language Shift and the Speech Community: Sociolinguistic Change in a Garifuna Community in Belize. Ph.D. University of Pennsylvania. https://www.researchgate.net
- Riaz, F. (2011). Punjabi Language: a study of language desertion. Ph.D. National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad. http://prr.hec.gov.pk/
- Ortman, J., & Stevens, G. (2008). Shift Happens, But When? Inter- And Intra-Generational Language Shift Among Hispanic Americans (dissertation). https://paa2008.princeton.edu/papers/80685
- McEntee-Atalianis, L. J. (2011). The value of adopting multiple approaches and methodologies in the investigation of Ethnolinguistic Vitality. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 32(2), 151– 167. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2010.541917
- Nawaz, S., Umer, A., Anjum, F., & Ramzan, M. (2012). Language Shift An Analysis of Factors Involved in Language Shift. Global Journal of Human Social Science Linguistics & Education, 12(10), 73–80. https://globaljournals.org/
- Nishanthi, R. (2020). Understanding of the Importance of Mother Tongue Learning. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, 5(1).
- Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement. (2018-19). Bureau of Statistics Government of Pakistan. https://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/pakistan- social-and-living-standards-measurement
- Palinkas, L., Horwitz, S., Green, C., Wisdom, J., & Duan, N. (2016). Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research. Adm Policy Ment Health, 45(5), 533–544.
- Rahman, T. (2008). Language Policy and Education in Pakistan. In N. Van Deusen-Scholl & N. Hornberger (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Language and Education (338–392). Springer. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/2252 48416
- Rahman, T. (2012). Language policy, identity, and Religion: aspects of the civilization of the Muslims of Pakistan and North India (2nd ed.). Chair on Quaid-i-Azam & Freedom Movement, National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i- Azam University.
- UNESCO Ad Hoc Expert Group on Endangered Languages. (2003). Language Vitality and Endangerment . International Expert Meetingon UNESCO Programme Safeguarding of Endangered Languages. https://ich.unesco.org/doc/src/00120-EN.pdf
- Yoshioka, H. (2010). Indigenous Language Usage and Maintenance Patterns among Indigenous People in the Era of Neoliberal Multiculturalismin Mexico and Guatemala. Latin American Research Review, 45(3), 5–34.
- Zaidi, A. (2016). Ethnolinguistic vitality of Punjabi in Pakistan: A GIDS approach. Linguistics and Literature Review, 2(1). DOI:10.32350/llr.21.01
Cite this article
-
APA : Tabassum, S., & Qadir, S. A. (2022). Changing Trends in Indigenous Language Use in Pakistani Rural Community. Global Social Sciences Review, VII(I), 264-278. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2022(VII-I).26
-
CHICAGO : Tabassum, Samina, and Samina Amin Qadir. 2022. "Changing Trends in Indigenous Language Use in Pakistani Rural Community." Global Social Sciences Review, VII (I): 264-278 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2022(VII-I).26
-
HARVARD : TABASSUM, S. & QADIR, S. A. 2022. Changing Trends in Indigenous Language Use in Pakistani Rural Community. Global Social Sciences Review, VII, 264-278.
-
MHRA : Tabassum, Samina, and Samina Amin Qadir. 2022. "Changing Trends in Indigenous Language Use in Pakistani Rural Community." Global Social Sciences Review, VII: 264-278
-
MLA : Tabassum, Samina, and Samina Amin Qadir. "Changing Trends in Indigenous Language Use in Pakistani Rural Community." Global Social Sciences Review, VII.I (2022): 264-278 Print.
-
OXFORD : Tabassum, Samina and Qadir, Samina Amin (2022), "Changing Trends in Indigenous Language Use in Pakistani Rural Community", Global Social Sciences Review, VII (I), 264-278
-
TURABIAN : Tabassum, Samina, and Samina Amin Qadir. "Changing Trends in Indigenous Language Use in Pakistani Rural Community." Global Social Sciences Review VII, no. I (2022): 264-278. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2022(VII-I).26