The study examined the effect of instructional leadership on school performance. Instructional leadership is a process that how quality practices: building and sustaining the school vision, monitoring of curriculum and instruction, leading a learning community, data gathering and assessing, and shared leadership were implemented by head teachers effectively. School performance is defined as the attainment of targets by teachers, students and schools. In district Sahiwal, head teachers were evaluated for instructional leadership by their SSTs (N=1026) on HTEQ. For school performance, a score of student achievement were obtained from their schools, while data on factors: cleanliness of schools, student presence, the functionality of facilities, and teacher presence were obtained through monthly visit reports of MEAs. The study revealed that head teachers were used practices of instructional leadership effectively and excellent level of schools' performance were found. The study explored a moderate relationship between variables (r=.54), and a 39 % variance in school performance could be explained through instructional leadership. The recommendations were also added in the study.

Human development has gained much significance in economies.This study highlight the role of institutional quality, financial development,and industrialization in human development in selected Asian countries. The human development index is used as a dependent variable. The study has used the GMM technique for this analysis. The study results demonstrate that institutional quality, financial development, industrialization, and trade openness have played a significant and positive role in determining the human development of selected Asian countries. It is recommended that the government should provide a more stable environment to encourage more production, investment, and trade to enhance the living standard and human development of the selected economies. It is concluded that financial development may improve human development. There is a need for more transparency and improved institutional quality for human development.

In this study, the proposed model of acceptance factors of cryptocurrencies was analyzed to recognize user behavioral intention by using; web quality, facilitating conditions, perceived risk, e-WOM, and perceived ease of use with the mediating role of the trust factor. An efficient and effective better arrangement of understanding this unique virtual delusion of the use of cryptocurrencies has become an essential part of the virtual world for each stakeholder. So many deliberations on the regulatory frameworks of cryptocurrencies have taken place among government regulators, financial advisors, tax consultants, politicians, thinkers, economists, and lawmakers, but there is inconclusive evidence on legislation in Pakistan.

This study examines the reasons why women get involved in politics, concentrating on the National Assembly and provincial assembly members of Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region. The relevance of family connections, which facilitate women's entry into politics, is revealed via thematic analysis of interview data. Important motivators include persistence, character traits, inspirational leaders, alluring party platforms, and a need for accountability. Women can participate in politics if they are financially independent and have free time. The study expands on earlier research by illuminating the intricate interplay of institutional, cultural, and individual factors influencing women's political involvement. It places a focus on the necessity of addressing gender-related barriers and encouraging educational reforms to provide women with more leadership abilities. For societal change and democratic governance, political decision-making needs to be more gender diverse. The results provide useful information for political parties and authorities looking to create a welcoming environment for women in politics.

The present research aimed to study quality control techniques used by secondary school teachers in district Lahore to improve educational outcomes. The link between quality control measures, secondary school teachers' performance, and target accomplishment was examined in particular. The study's sample was selected by convenient sampling technique and included 418 secondary school instructors from 200 secondary schools. Questionnaire QCMSSGA was adapted to collect data on quality control measures and secondary school goal achievement (QCMSSGA). It was found that the instrument has a coefficient of reliability ranging from 0.75 to 0.81. Analysis including frequency distribution and Pearson product-moment correlation. Secondary school pupils who received high-quality supervision and teacher evaluations were more likely to meet their objectives. Due to the reasons mentioned earlier, secondary school instructors were instructed to conduct more frequent, routine instructional monitoring and pay greater attention to teacher performance evaluations.

The study aimed to assess the impact of implementing Six Sigma practices on teaching effectiveness. This exploratory research, conducted at the University of Okara, centred on teachers from various departments. Qualitative data was gathered via semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that faculty members were unintentionally addressing three phases (define, measure, and analyze) of the Six Sigma process due to a lack of awareness. Students were knowledgeable about their educational standards and rights, and their issues were addressed when communicated. However, the remaining two phases (improvement and control) of Six Sigma were neglected by university teachers, with quantity taking precedence over quality. Teachers acquainted with Six Sigma practices demonstrated greater teaching effectiveness. The study recommends raising awareness among teaching staff about Six Sigma practices and ensuring their implementation for better outcomes. Expanding the data collection scope for result triangulation is also suggested.

Information management systems are in vogue for data gathering, storage, and reporting to make effective decision-making and management. The study was designed to investigate end users' satisfaction with different dimensions of the KCMS (Kohat University of Science and Technology Campus Management System) and their intent to use it. The theoretical basis came from DeLone–information Mclean's system model (2003). The researcher obtained data through questionnaires online and personally visiting departments. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between quality attributes and end-user happiness. All variables were compared using Pearson correlation. End-user satisfaction is highly correlated with quality dimensions (system, information, and service). ANOVA was used to compare user’s perceptions with quality dimensions where teachers and students were found highly satisfied with all the dimensions except administrative staff. Information systems also have a moderating effect on self-efficacy and usage intention.

Gender inequality poses a challenge to the educational participation of teenage-girls in Jhelum Pakistan. This paper seeks to examine the complex factors underpinning and the extensive effects of gender inequalities in education within this area. The present study details various causes of gender inequalities as analyzed from a qualitative content analysis of various works, which include economic factors, social-cultural beliefs and practices; early marriage, lack of awareness, physical facilities, and gender biases. This study finds that all these factors work together to exclude girls from education and maintain poverty and non-advancement of socio-economic status. Finally, the discussion highlights the need to establish various strategies to address gender inequality, such as; community sensitization, increasing the percentage of girls education, finances, establishing safe school structures, and favorable laws on gender. The solution to these recommendations would help Jhelum move towards the right direction for giving teenage-girls equal education opportunities and better community.

"How does our minds connect to dissatisfaction in relationship with others and the mindset that arises at a result hereof a connection?" is a question that needs an answer. The researchers aimed to survey university students. Examining the interplay between anxiety, mental wellness, and happiness, this research used an overall correlational methodology. Three hundred individuals, comprising both undergraduates and graduates, were selected from a variety of schools using a purposive sampling approach. The collected data was sorted and evaluated using SPSS (26). There was a negative link between interacting anxiety and both cognitive health and life happiness, according to the findings of the correlational analysis. On the other side, living a fulfilled life was positively correlated with psychological well-being. Anxiety about social interactions and overall pleasure are both influenced by an individual's mental health, according to model-wise regression with lines analysis.

Education plays a crucial role in social mobility by providing individuals with the tools to access better economic opportunities and improved social status. This paper explores the impact of educational attainment on social mobility, highlighting how it empowers individuals and bridges social classes. Through a literature review, the study establishes a direct link between education and upward mobility, particularly for disadvantaged groups. It examines formal, informal, and lifelong learning and their influence on raising living standards. The research investigates barriers to quality education economic, social, and political and how they perpetuate social inequality. Using both qualitative and quantitative methods, the study demonstrates that education is a key driver of economic and social transformation. It emphasizes the need to improve educational access, especially in underserved communities, to promote social mobility and overall societal welfare. The paper offers policy recommendations to reduce educational disparities and support lifelong learning for all social groups.