SEARCH ARTICLE

01 Pages : 1-14

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2020(V-IV).01      10.31703/gssr.2020(V-IV).01      Published : Dec 2020

Bilingual Identity of Pashtoon Immigrants: Insights from Lahore

    The aim of this article is to examine the ways through which the immigrant Pashto speech community constructs their bilingual identity in the multicultural settings of Lahore. The participants for the research were selected through purposive sampling technique. The data of the study was collected via interviews from 10 adults of Pashto speech community, who have been living in Lahore for more than five years. The study is based on the philosophy of Spolsky's (2004) Language Policy Framework, which considers language practices, beliefs and management as different ways of constructing identities. The nature of the data is descriptive and qualitative, and thematic analysis was used while the data coding was performed through Atlas.ti software. The findings revealed that the Pashto speakers use their first language (Pashto) in their home environment to maintain their language, identity and culture while using Urdu and English outside their home domain at their workplaces.

    Bilingual, Identity, Language Practices, Language Belief, Language Management, Multicultural
    (1) Amina Khalid
    Lecturer, Department of Linguistics and Communication, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Arshad Ali Khan
    Department of Linguistics and Communication, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

03 Pages : 22-33

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2020(V-IV).03      10.31703/gssr.2020(V-IV).03      Published : Dec 2020

Multiliteracies and Multilingual Literacies of Young Children: A Study of Linguistic and Social Identities

    Pakistan is a multilingual community where individuals communicate in more than one language for everyday communication. Literacy practices of young children in schools reflect the literacy practices of the broader social community. Same is the case with the use of literacy practices at homes. The data is collected by answering questions in questionnaires that are answered by the parents. The collected data is from three different social strata of society. The current study analyzes the literacy practices of young children at homes and the way they are associated with the broader social and cultural context. This includes the linguistic and literacy practices of young children during their playtime, their interaction with the members of the family and their exposure to the media and technology. These multilingual literacy practices that are practised at the homes constitute the social and linguistic identity of the individuals in the long run.

    Multilingual Literacy Practices, Home, Young Children, Identity.
    (1) Ambreen Javed
    PhD Scholar, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Sarwet Rasul
    Associate Professor / Chairperson, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.

39 Pages : 365-373

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2020(V-III).39      10.31703/gssr.2020(V-III).39      Published : Sep 2020

Analyzing Feminine Subjectivity in Male Jingoistic Society: A Critical Study of Naheed's A Bad Woman's Story

    The present study tends to explore the feminine subjectivity as a heart-throbbing phenomenon for men that keeps on prevailing in a patriarchal society. This is an exploration into the life of Pakistan's renowned writer, poet and human activist, Kishwar Naheed. Her autobiographical writing Buri Aurat ki Katha (A Bad Woman's Story) probes into the life of a female character who is being restrained by society due to her achievements and fame but gender discrimination prevailing in society compelled her to consider herself a stigma. Naheed is taken as a representative character to project the reality of a patriarchal society that denies feminine subjectivity in society. It covers gynophobia over men's mind towards women powerful and independent existence in society. This study contextualizes within the border of feminism theory that covers threat to female identity by throwing light to the perspective taken by Kristeva's views on feminism, majorly focusing on male jingoistic society. The present inquiry spotlights the ways in which women suffer through threatened, identity crisis, abuse, and oppression that further leads woman's journey of life restrained under social commands.

    Feminism, Gynophobia, Feminine Subjectivity, Patriarchal/Jingoistic Society, Woman Identity, Oppression
    (1) Amna Aziz
    Lecturer, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Aniqa Rashid
    Assistant Professor, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Tayyabba Yasmin
    Lecturer, Department of English, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

29 Pages : 283-290

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2020(V-I).29      10.31703/gssr.2020(V-I).29      Published : Mar 2020

Moratorium or Achievement: Identity Statuses in Mohsin Hamids The Reluctant Fundamentalist

    The Reluctant Fundamentalist (2007) traces the evolution of Changezs sense of belonging by encompassing a substantial part of his life odyssey, ranging from his movement to the US for higher studies to his disillusionment and redirection of fundamental desires. This study explores those transformative stages that help shape his identity. For this purpose, James Marcias theory of identity achievement has been used as a theoretical framework. Marcia (1980) contends that certain situations and events (called crises) act as catalysts to prompt identity moratorium. The internal conflict caused by such catalysts stimulates adolescents to probe into their beliefs, goals and values. Changez also encounters the four statuses described by Marcia i.e., identity diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium and final achievement. Consequently, a refraction in his sense of belonging takes place - from love for American exceptionalism to love for Pakistan and Islam (Morey, 2011). This study evaluates the level of identity achievement in Changez as a result of this refraction

    Identity Achievement, Identity Moratorium, Islam, Pakistan, Sense of Belonging, Fundamental.
    (1) Ayesha Perveen
    PhD Scholar, Department of English & Literary Studies, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab,Pakistan.
    (2) Nadia Anwar
    Assistant Professor, Department of English and Literary Studies,University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

42 Pages : 324-330

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-IV).42      10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-IV).42      Published : Dec 2019

The Autobiographic Discursive Construction of Immigrant Identity: A Discourse Historical Analysis of 'My Life's Journey'

    The present critical discourse study explores the discursive construction of immigrant identity of Mohajir/Urdu Speaking people in Pakistan through the analysis of an autobiographic discourse in the form of My Lifes Journey by Altaf Hussain. Discourse Historical Approach of CDA serves as the theoretical and analytical framework for this study. This framework is based on themes and discursive strategies. The analysis of the selected discourse reveals that the interview based autobiography of the political figure is based on the recurring theme of political transformation and reconstruction of immigrant identity. The discourse is also constituted of several discursive strategies; the most prevalent ones are those of victimization, topos of history, topos of definition and positive self and negative other presentation. The autobiographical discourse highlights the transformational phases the immigrant identity of Mohajirs has gone through. The readers of this discourse under analysis often encounter terms like parochial difference, biased attitudes, and discrimination.

    Mohajir; identity; CDA; DHA; Discourse
    (1) Fouzia Rehman Khan
    Assistant professor,Department of English,Sardar Bahadur khan Womens University, Quetta Baluchistan, Pakistan.
    (2) Sumaira Shafiq
    Assistant Professor, Institute of Kashmi Studies, University of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan.
    (3) Ayaz Qadeer
    Assistant Professor (English),Department of Management Sciences,COMSATS University, Wah Cantt, Punjab, Pakistan.

02 Pages : 10-16

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-III).02      10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-III).02      Published : Sep 2019

Politics of Identity and Redrawing the State Boundaries in India: An Historical Perspective

    This article will examine the idea of new states/provinces in India. How India created 16 new states on ethno-lingual, and other lines and accommodate the ethnic groups. The case study of India is focussing on the different factors; including constitutional setup and role of different political parties of India in making of the new state. The following three basic questions investigate the paper’s perspective. First; what has been the basis of demands for the creation of new states in India? Second; what are the main hurdles in the reorganization of state and what urged the redemarcation of states in India? Third; what has been the stance of political Parties about the creation of new states in Indian state?

    Re-demarcation, Subnationalism, Re-organization, Indian constitution, Ethnic, Identity Politics group, Indian states.
    (1) Muhammad Shoaib Malik
    Assistant Professor,Department of Pakistan Studies, NationalUniversity of Modern Languages Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Azhar Mahmood Abbasi
    Lecturer, Department of Pakistan Studies,National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Saima Gul
    Lecturer, Department of International Relations, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan

22 Pages : 170-180

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-III).22      10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-III).22      Published : Sep 2019

Investigating the Relationship between Identity-Based Leadership and Employee Engagement with Employee Core Self-Evaluation

    Based on social identity approach, present research intends to investigate the impact of identity-based leadership on employee engagement, through the mediating role of employee core-self evaluations. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed to demonstrate the validity and reliability of the measurement model. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the hypothesized model. The proposed model was supported empirically by data collected from 327 employees who work in the telecom sector of Pakistan. The result indicated that employees Core selfevaluations act as a mediator between four dimensions of identity leadership and employee engagement. Identity-based leadership also showed a direct positive relationship with employee engagement.

    Social Identity Approach, Identity Leadership, Core Self-Evaluations, Employee Engagement.
    (1) Tahreem Baloch
    Ph.D. scholar, Department of Leadership & Management Studies,National Defense University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammadi Sabra
    Assistant Professor, Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS,Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Zia-ur- Rehman
    Department of Leadership and Management StudiesNational Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan

30 Pages : 231-237

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-II).30      10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-II).30      Published : Jun 2019

Analysis of Political Discourse in Pakistani Party Manifestos

    Political discourse is inarguably deemed an essential tool, impercetably influencing people’s perception within a socio-political zone. The present research revolve around the critical discourse analysis of manifestos of Pakistani political parties, pertaining to the general election of 2013. The theoretical framework for the study triangulates VanDijks (1998) Socio-Cognitive Model, along with the support of Turner and Tajfels (1979) Social identity approach and Budge and Farlies Salience theory (1983). The research revealed that all the political parties under study used the discursive strategies in their party manifestos in order to enhance the positive self-image of party to in-group people, by focusing the negative aspects of the out-group, thereby (re)constructing peoples political identities and ideologies and achieving the desired hegemony for itself.

    Political manifesto, Political Discourse, Identity and Ideology
    (1) Mehwish Malghani
    Assistant Professor,Department of English, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan.
    (2) Shabana Akhtar
    Assistant Professor, Department of Pakistan Studies, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan.
    (3) Farhat Farooqi
    Lecturer, Department of English,The Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering, and Management Sciences, Quetta

31 Pages : 238-244

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-II).31      10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-II).31      Published : Jun 2019

China's Contemporary Foreign Policy Behavior: An Analysis through Realist, Liberal and Constructive Perspectives

    China’s tremendous rise will certainly be one of the major turbulent of the current century. Chinese leadership has already astonished the world with its economic development and active diplomacy. It is apparent that there will be a greater increase in Chinese power, influence, and involvement in regional and global affairs in future decades. We cannot envisage the exact nature of Chinese objectives and intentions in near future, however, we can proclaim that Chinese aims will be more spacious than they now are. Some observers view this increasing Chinese enthusiasm in regional affairs as a step towards regional hegemony, while others regard it as promotion of mutual understandings and economic interdependence. Some regional states are viewing Chinese policies with cautions and concerns have been raised in international community. To discuss and elaborate all these aspects of Chinese foreign policy behavior; the major paradigms like realism, liberalism, and constructivism will be explored respectively.

    Foreign Policy, Strategic Options, Power, Interdependence, Identity
    (1) Asif Farooq
    Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Umbreen Javaid
    Professor, Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

52 Pages : 403-408

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-II).52      10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-II).52      Published : Jun 2019

Intertextual Inscription of Diasporic Identity in Ondaatje's The English Patient

    hrough Julia Kristiva's intertextuality, this study explores the diasporic version of identity in Michael Ondaatje's The English Patient - the text that is based on Ondaatje's inspiration from other literary and non-literary texts: Rudyard Kipling's Kim, Herodotus' The History, James Fenimore Cooper's The Last of the Mohicans and the story of Gyges and the Queen. This theoretical inscription locates the source of the expression of the meaning of the text: either the author or the text per se. It argues the intertextual narration of Ondaatje, a Sri Lankan living in Canada, about the fragmented identities of the diasporas in the post-World War II milieu. This intertextual approach highlights the politics working behind the location of the characters, their (dis)placement from/to their origin and their identity in the post-WWII time. The framing of these intertextual discourses helps understand the contexts of diaspora characters as well as diaspora writers.

    Diaspora, Identity, Intertextuality, Ondaatje, WWII
    (1) Qasim Shafiq
    PhD Scholar, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Mazhar Hayat
    Professor, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Ali Usman Saleem
    Assistant Professor, Department of English, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.