ARTICLE

INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF DEVIANT FACTORS ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING OF SCHOOLCHILDREN IN SOUTH PUNJAB

  1. HOME
  2. ARTICLE

16 Pages : 155-168

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2024(IX-IV).16      10.31703/gssr.2024(IX-IV).16      Published : Dec 2024

Investigating the Impact of Deviant Factors on the Psychological Well-being of Schoolchildren in South Punjab

Abstract

    Positive psychological well-being is essential for engaging children in school and family life. This research examines the influence of deviant factors (virtual violence, bullying, and socioeconomic status) on the psychological well-being of schoolchildren in rural South Punjab. Using convenience sampling, 200 male students from government lower-secondary schools across six districts were recruited for this quantitative cross-sectional research. AMOS 21.0 was used to apply Structural Equation Modeling to assess the impact of deviant factors on the students’ psychological well-being. The results reveal that virtual violence causes a 15.1% variance, representing the most considerable negative impact on schoolchildren’s psychological well-being among all deviant factors. This research concludes that the three deviant factors affect students' emotional resilience and mental state, resulting in their poor psychological well-being. Hence, it is strongly recommended that school management, teachers, and parents collaborate to create a healthier environment through awareness programs and parental guidance initiatives.

    (1) Rabia Munir
    PhD Scholar, Faculty of Applied Social Science (FSSG), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia.
    (2) Norsuhaily Binti Abu Bakar
    Associate Professor, Faculty of Applied Social Science (FSSG), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia.
Fulltext PDF

References

  • Afriwilda, M. T., & Mulawarman, N. (2021). The relationship between Psychological Well-Being, Discipline and Online Gaming addiction among high school students in Central Java. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research/Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210413.042

  • Ahmad, R., & Faridi, M. Z. (2020). Socio-Economic and demographic factors of poverty alleviation in Pakistan: a case study of Southern Punjab. Review of Economics and Development Studies, 6(2), 525–538. https://doi.org/10.47067/reads.v6i2.220
  • Ahmed, Q. W., Rönkä, A., & Perälä-Littunen, S. (2022). Rural children’s perceptions of parental involvement in their education in Pakistan. Education Sciences, 12(5), 323. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12050323
  • AlHazzaa, S. A., Alwohaibi, R. N., AlMusailet, L. I., Alshrefy, A. J., Almaimoni, R. A., & Menezes, R. G. (2023). Video games and violence among children and adolescents in the Arab world: A systematic review. PubMed, 94(2), e2023060. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v94i2.14019
  • Analisah, C. D. C., & Indartono, S. (2019). Ecological theory: Preventing student bullying to promote culture of peace. Joint Proceedings of the International Conference on Social Science and Character Educations (IcoSSCE 2018) and International Conference on Social Studies, Moral, and Character Education (ICSMC 2018), 239–244. https://www.atlantis-press.com/article/125910006
  • Antony, E. M. A. (2022). Framing childhood resilience through Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory: A discussion paper. Cambridge Educational Research e-Journal. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.90564
  • Aslam, M., Malik, R., Rawal, S., Rose, P., & Vignoles, A. (2019). Do government schools improve learning for poor students? Evidence from rural Pakistan. Oxford Review of Education, 45(6), 802–824. https://doi.org/10.1080/03054985.2019.1637726
  • Batool, S. (2023). Bullying victimization, self-esteem, and psychosocial problems in Pakistani adolescents. Bahria Journal of Professional Psychology, 22(1), 1–16.
  • Bedekar, M., & Joshi, P. (2020). Cartoon films and its impact on children’s mentality. RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary, 05(06), 13–18. https://doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2020.v05.i06.003
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Harvard University Press.
  • Cattell, R. B. (1966). The scree test for the number of factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1(2), 245–276. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr0102_10
  • Chaudhry, S., Tandon, A., Shinde, S., & Bhattacharya, A. (2024). Student psychological well-being in higher education: The role of internal team environment, institutional, friends and family support and academic engagement. PLoS ONE, 19(1), e0297508. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297508
  • Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155
  • Funder, D. C., & Ozer, D. J. (2019). Evaluating effect size in Psychological Research: Sense and Nonsense. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, 2(2), 156–168. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515245919847202
  • Hair, J. F. J., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective (7th ed.). Prentice Hall. https://www.drnishikantjha.com/papersCollection/Multivariate%20Data%20Analysis.pdf
  • Haque, N., Nazuk, A., Burgess, R., Rasul, I., Albasit, S. J., Ahsan, H., Iqbal, N., Bandiera, O., Khan, A. Q., Shoail, A., Afzal, H., & Zulfiqar, F. (2021). The state of poverty in Pakistan: Pakistan Institute of Development Economics - Report 2021. Pakistan Institute of Development Economics. https://file.pide.org.pk/uploads/rr-050-the-state-of-poverty-in-pakistan-pide-report-2021-68-mb.pdf
  • Hameed, N., Aziz, F., & Hussain, J. S. (2023). Aggressive behavior among minor children: A study of excessive use of mobile. Pakistan Vision, 24(2), July-December 2023. https://pu.edu.pk/images/journal/studies/PDF-FILES/8_v24_2_23.pdf
  • Hyun, H. (2018). The impact of low socioeconomic status on the mental health and self-efficacy of college students. Proceedings of GREAT Day, 2017(1), Article 5. https://knightscholar.geneseo.edu/proceedings-of-great-day/vol2017/iss1/5
  • Ipinge, K., & Seroto, J. (2024). The influence of ecological systems on primary school learner performance in informal settlements in Namibia. SAGE Open, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241247933
  • Javaid, M. (2021). Low literacy rate at primary level: identification of causes and impacts. Pakistan Social Sciences Review, 5(II), 492–506. https://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2021(5-ii)39
  • Kaiser, H. F. (1974) An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika 39, 31–36 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575   
  • Kalinowski, R. D., Xu, Y., & Salen, K. (2021). The Ecological Context of Preschool-Aged Children’s Selection of Media Content. ., 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445429
  • Khaliq, A., & Rasool, S. (2020). Causes of students’ antisocial behavior at secondary level schools. The Spark, 4(1).
  • Mahmood, N. T., Iftikhar, N. U., & Bhatti, N. M. A. (2020). Impact of violent cartoons on the behaviour of children: a case study of South Punjab. Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies, 6(2), 689–702. https://doi.org/10.26710/jbsee.v6i2.1212
  • Mahmoud, D. a. E., Zaki, M. M., & Mostafa, H. A. (2022). Correlation between Cartoon Violence, Aggressive Behavior and Psychological Well-being among Primary School Children. Egyptian Journal of Health Care, 13(1), 1232–1251. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejhc.2022.225113
  • Man, X., Liu, J., & Xue, Z. (2022). Effects of bullying forms on adolescent mental health and protective factors: a global Cross-Regional research based on 65 countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(4), 2374. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042374
  • Manzoor, Z., Jaffery, D. N., Jabeen, D. T., & Butt, S. F. (2024). A correlational study between bullying and psychological well-being of students amongst universities in Pakistan. Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University, Natural Science Edition, 20. ISSN: 1673-064X.
  • Parveen, F., Tehreem, H., & Shams, Q. (2023). Effect of bullying behaviour on Pakistani adolescents: Roll of self-esteem and academic achievements in gender perspectives. sjesr, 6(1), 86-92. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol6-iss1-2023(86-92)
  • PPAF. (2018). Geography of poverty in Pakistan - Update: Multidimensional poverty in Pakistan at the national, provincial, and district levels 2014-15. Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund. https://www.ppaf.org.pk/doc/Geography%20of%20Poverty_UPDATE.pdf
  • Sagan, A. (2019). Sample size in multilevel structural equation modeling – the Monte Carlo approach. Econometrics, 23(4), 63–79. https://doi.org/10.15611/eada.2019.4.05
  • Saleem, M., Ismail, R., Arena, C., & Zakaria, E. (2015). Impact of peer bullying on school students with and without ADHD symptoms: A cross-sectional study from Pakistan. Journal of Psychology Malaysia (JPM), 29, 61–70.
  • Salehi, S., Patel, A., Taghavi, M., & Pooravari, M. (2016). Primary school teachers and parents perception of peer bullying among children in Iran: a qualitative study. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.17795/ijpbs-1865
  • Shahid, M., Ahmed, F., Ameer, W., Guo, J., Raza, S., Fatima, S., & Qureshi, M. G. (2022). Prevalence of child malnutrition and household socioeconomic deprivation: A case study of marginalized district in Punjab, Pakistan. PLoS ONE, 17(3), e0263470. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263470
  • Shahid, M., Rauf, U., Sarwar, U., & Asif, S. (2022). Impact of bullying behavior on mental health and quality of life among Pre-Adolescents and adolescents in Sialkot-Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 10(1), 324–331. https://doi.org/10.52131/pjhss.2022.1001.0200
  • Sheikh, M. A., Hassan, A. A. U., Mohsin, N., & Mir, B. (2023). Cartoon's Content and their Impact on Children's Psychology. Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 11(4). https://doi.org/10.52131/pjhss.2023.1104.0660
  • Stanger, N. R. G. (2011). Moving “eco” back into socio-ecological models: A proposal to reorient ecological literacy into human developmental models and school systems. Human Ecology Review, 18(2), 167–173. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24707472
  • UNICEF. (2021). Technical note: Pakistan child poverty national and subnational trends. UNICEF. https://www.unicef.org/pakistan/media/4431/file/Technical%20Note%20-%20Pakistan%20Child%20Poverty.pdf
  • Yasmeen, B., Hayat, A., & Noureen, S. (2022). Psychological health of the working children in Hazardous Conditions: Challenges to Children Rights. Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research). 
  • Yousaf, S., Yousaf, S., Yousaf, M., & Ullah, N. (2023). The effect of online video games on psychosocial development of Pakistani children. Elementary Education Online, 20(4), 2732–2739. https://ilkogretim-online.org/index.php/pub/article/view/4008

Cite this article

APA

    APA : Munir, R., & Bakar, N. B. A. (2024). Investigating the Impact of Deviant Factors on the Psychological Well-being of Schoolchildren in South Punjab. Global Social Sciences Review, IX(IV), 155-168. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2024(IX-IV).16

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Munir, Rabia, and Norsuhaily Binti Abu Bakar. 2024. "Investigating the Impact of Deviant Factors on the Psychological Well-being of Schoolchildren in South Punjab." Global Social Sciences Review, IX (IV): 155-168 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2024(IX-IV).16

HARVARD

    HARVARD : MUNIR, R. & BAKAR, N. B. A. 2024. Investigating the Impact of Deviant Factors on the Psychological Well-being of Schoolchildren in South Punjab. Global Social Sciences Review, IX, 155-168.

MHRA

    MHRA : Munir, Rabia, and Norsuhaily Binti Abu Bakar. 2024. "Investigating the Impact of Deviant Factors on the Psychological Well-being of Schoolchildren in South Punjab." Global Social Sciences Review, IX: 155-168

MLA

    MLA : Munir, Rabia, and Norsuhaily Binti Abu Bakar. "Investigating the Impact of Deviant Factors on the Psychological Well-being of Schoolchildren in South Punjab." Global Social Sciences Review, IX.IV (2024): 155-168 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Munir, Rabia and Bakar, Norsuhaily Binti Abu (2024), "Investigating the Impact of Deviant Factors on the Psychological Well-being of Schoolchildren in South Punjab", Global Social Sciences Review, IX (IV), 155-168

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Munir, Rabia, and Norsuhaily Binti Abu Bakar. "Investigating the Impact of Deviant Factors on the Psychological Well-being of Schoolchildren in South Punjab." Global Social Sciences Review IX, no. IV (2024): 155-168. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2024(IX-IV).16