This research explores the psychosocial challenges faced by rural Pakistani women in the wake of their migration to the city. A focus group and ten in-depth interviews were conducted with women from a migrant household. The study revealed that migrant women's frustration of unmet needs, the stress of unfulfilled expectations along with pressing socio-economic circumstances paves the way for a range of psychological problems like hopelessness, demoralization, lack of motivation, shame, social withdrawal and isolation, psychosomatic complaints anxiety and depression. The findings revealed that Persistent poverty does not only affect the psychological well-being of these migrant women but also keeps them trapped in impoverishment. It also highlighted that the psychosocial challenges for these migrant women increase twofold in the urban settings as they are compelled to exist on the margin of the margins as the poorest of the poor.

Brain-drain occurs when highly educated and skilled people leave their home nations for greater chances abroad. Over the years, Nigeria, a developing nation with major socio-economic issues, has lost a significant portion of its workforce. People leave Nigeria for lack of jobs, inadequate infrastructure, unpredictable governmental administration, and uncompetitive wages and benefits. The loss of qualified personnel hinders the country's ability to supply basic services, innovate, and grow economically, hurting healthcare, education, and economic development. Nigeria needs job wage and service standards reform to stop brain drain. This includes improving domestic employment, education, research and development, and investment and entrepreneurship. Scholarship, mentorship, and professional development initiatives may also reduce brain drain by encouraging skilled people to stay or return to Nigeria.

This article investigates the profound role of English linguistics in shaping economic growth as well as cultural evolution in a world that is highly globalized. With the language ascending toward its status as a global lingua franca, it has greatly influenced international trade, labor mobility, and digital communication, thereby enhancing international economic integration. The economic benefits of knowing English include more competitive information technology and business process outsourcing industries in countries with higher proficiency levels, such as India and the Philippines. Also, there is the cultural dimension of advancing globalization that questions the internationalization of English, linguistic imperialism, and cultural homogenization. On the other hand, while several scholars have contended that the spread of English erodes linguistic diversity, others point out that English is also adaptive: local cultures combine English with native languages to create hybrid forms, including the renowned "Hinglish" and "Singlish."