Depiction of Kashmir in Media: A Corpus Assisted Study of Pakistani and Indian Newspapers
This work deals with the use of adjectives in the depiction of Kashmir in Pakistani and Indian Newspapers. This study investigates the differences between Pakistani and Indian media with reference to the representation of the issue of Kashmir. For this purpose, a corpus of newspaper editorial articles from both Pakistani and Indian newspapers was compiled. The data was tagged with help of AntTag and was analyzed using AntConc software to see the differences between Pakistani and Indian newspapers with reference to the representation of Kashmir. The findings suggest that there is a lot of differences between Pakistani and Indian media with reference to the use of adjectives for the depiction of Kashmir. The findings also suggest that the depiction of Kashmir in both newspapers is biased and subjective.
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Corpus Linguistics, Indian Media, Pakistani Media, Analysis of Adjectives, Kashmir Issue
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(1) Athar Rashid
Assistant professor, Department of Governance & Public Policy, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Arshad Ali
Assistant professor, Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(3) Ameer Sultan
Lecturer, Department of English, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Human Rights Violations in Kashmir and the Role of the United Nations
Kashmir is primarily a territorial dispute between India and Pakistan. There is a substantial ideological component to the intentions of the two nation-states in this matter, which go beyond simple geopolitical or strategic considerations. The role of the United Nations (UN) in the face of human rights violations in Kashmir is the subject of this article. This article continues to cover the conflict in Kashmir between India and Pakistan. Hence, it highlights the significance of the UNs' involvement in the Kashmir conflict. The failure of UN resolutions on the Kashmir dispute and the Indian government's rejection of outside engagement are both extensively addressed. In Kashmir, the physical and emotional pain has resulted from the failure of the international community to protect human rights. The research concludes that India would never be able to find a lasting solution to the situation in Kashmir because there have been no significant political or economic repercussions on India as a result of the Kashmiri conflict.
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Human Rights Violation, Kashmir Issue, UN Role, India-Pakistan Conflict
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(1) Muhammad Imran
Assistant Professor, College of Law, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Ghulam Murtiza
Assistant Professor, College of Law, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Sulyman Akbar
Advocate, High Court, Lahore High Court Bar Association, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Kashmir at Crossroad: The Partition's Unfinished Agenda
Independent dominions in shape of Pakistan and India emerged as result of partition on 14 August and 15 August 1947 respectively while the fate of over 500 princely states awaited decision. Due to overwhelming majority of Muslims, Jammu and Kashmir should have acceded to Pakistan. The hardness in Indian stance resulted in the two wars i.e. of 1965 and 1971 besides two limited wars of 1947-48 and 1999Kargil war. South Asia remained on the brink of war in 2002 standoff and the current escalations in Azad Kashmir. Contrarily, both Pakistan and India had agreed upon the United Nations resolutions, including, "the accession of the state of Jammu and Kashmir will be decided through free and impartial plebiscite under the auspices of United Nations". The Indian strategy was to gain time on the pretext that "Indians are superior to Pakistanis in military and industrial power therefore Pakistan would accept a settlement imposed by the Indians". Additional India pleaded that Pakistan had joined defence Pacts with west, so India moved away from the process of Plebiscite. Now, India wants to discuss only terrorism brushing aside the core issue of Kashmir. Resultantly, the people of Kashmir are at the mercy of despotic and tyrant Indian Forces and they are suffering the most. How long the innocent population of Kashmir will be looking to ask the world to come forward for an open hearted settlement of this long outstanding dispute? The situation may escalate into a nuclear flashpoint.
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Pakistan, Kashmir Issue, India, UNO, India, Cross Border Terrorism
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(1) Hikmat Afridi
Phd Scholar, Department of Politics & IR , International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
(2) Manzoor Khan Afridi
Assistant Professor and HoD, Department of Politics & IR , International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
(3) Ijaz Khalid
PhD Scholar and Demonstrator, Department of Political Science, AWKUM, Mardan, Pakistan