The principles of accountability and transparency are fundamental and central to the bulk of United Nations (UN)Conventions and other international legal instruments. However,accountability within an institution requires in-depth impartiality, equality,and neutrality. The role of the UN and other organizations is significant,particularly for the achievement of sustainable development goal (SDG) goal16. In this context, this paper focuses on the obligations of institutions for achieving sustainable development goals 16. It aims to discuss the role of human rights-based institutions, including mechanisms, standards, and institutional arrangements, and explores their obligations. It also identifies the obligations of non state actors and argues that such actors can be managed/well-ordered with the accountability tools and guidance provided by SDG 16 for achieving accountability, peace, justice, and good governance at all levels. Finally, it discusses challenges for overall sustainable development.