SEARCH ARTICLE

12 Pages : 88-95

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-III).12      10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-III).12      Published : Sep 2019

Feedback Effect on Secondary School Students Achievement in Mathematics

    This study provides the empirical support that how feedback support students to improve their achievement in mathematics. The sample of the study was 87 students of Mathematics in grades IX. There were 43 students in the control group and 44 students in the experiment group. Groups were matched on students’ results in Mathematics in grade 8 to ensure the equivalence of both groups. Furthermore, a pretest was also conducted to confirm equivalence. The researcher employed different techniques and strategies of feedback while teaching mathematics to the experiment group. At the end of the intervention, the participants of this study were posttested. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS 15 version. A comparison of pretest and posttest scores of control and experiment group has shown a significant effect of feedback on students’ achievement in mathematics. The average and the low ability learners of the experiment group outperformed the learners of the respective abilities in the control group.

    Formal and Informal Feedback, Verbal and Written Questioning, Dialogue, Achievement
    (1) Tahira Batool
    Assistant Professor,Department of Research and Evaluation,Lahore College For Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Mumtaz Akhter
    Professor,Department of Education, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

17 Pages : 129-136

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-I).17      10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-I).17      Published : Mar 2019

Working Capital and Fixed Investment Effect on Sales Growth in SAARC Countries SMEs

    The study investigates the impact of various financing sources of working capital and fixed investment on sales growth. Population of the study comprises South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries’ small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). Data of 6777 SMEs is retrieved from World Bank’s website. Multiple regression model is used to achieve the study objectives. Results signify a positive link between bank financing use for working capital and sales growth while the negative link between friends and family finance and sales growth is observed. Similarly all formal sources of finance used for fixed investment have positive link with sales growth. Finally, it is found that the government interventions and policy makers can alleviate access to formal sources of finance for boosting sales growth.

    SMEs, Informal Finance, Nonbank Financial Institute, SAARC
    (1) Asad Ullah
    PhD Scholar,Institute of Business studies, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Muhammad Khushnood
    Assistant Professor,Institute of Business Studies, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Hafizullah
    Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Studies,Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan.

48 Pages : 373-379

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-I).48      10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-I).48      Published : Mar 2019

Dispute Resolution Practices in USA, Australia and UK/EU

    The research aims to highlight and discuss the different modes of settlement of disputes in todayÂ’s populated and overcrowded societies. The research has shown that due to expensive, time consuming and rigid process of formal justice system (court litigation) USA, Australia, UK and even European Union countries have preferred informal justice system (Alternative Dispute Resolution) for disputants to opt for their solutions. The informal dispute resolution system (Alternative Dispute Resolution) prevailing in modern countries like USA, Australia and UK is full of benefits and most probably the main reason for their progress and development also, and the study has shown that the system is working successfully in these countries, therefore, it can be applied anywhere even in the developing countries as well because this system is more sustainable in any form than the formal justice system (court litigation).

    ADR, Dispute Resolution, Formal, Informal, Settlement.
    (1) Abida Hassan
    Ph. D Scholar, Department of Law, University of South Asia, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
    (2) Dil Muhammad Malik
    Dean, Department of Law, University of South Asia, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.