This research treats contents of newspapers from America, China and India reporting on "Belt and Road Initiative" (BRI) with respect to US, India and China's foreign policies. The study investigates if unlike China, American and Indian press relatively report more 'risk' than 'opportunity' frames on BRI. Detailed literature on risks and opportunity frames is produced through media lenses, underpins regional and global significance and future status of BRI. Comparing framing techniques of The New York Times, Times of India and China Daily, contents of total 60 news articles are quantitatively analyzed. Finally, comparative research paradigm found both Indian and American press framing more risks than opportunities in news, therefore highlighting respective concerns of staying away from the signatory summit of BRI held in Beijing in May 2017.

Environmental issues are contemplated as the most frightening and challenging issues that occurred due to climate change. These environmental issues are disturbing the whole world including living species. Pakistan is also facing issues regarding environmental changes. Pakistan is considered the 7th most susceptible country in terms of environmental disasters. The current research is conducted to study and analyze the treatment of Pakistani English papers in the coverage of ecological issues and the basic drive of this research is to evaluate the “media representation of environmental issues” as discussed in leading Pakistani dailies (Dawn and The News). The content analysis is used to know the frequency and direction of environmental issues. The universe of the study contains textual content of print media including news stories and editorials. It is concluded that The News, gives more coverage to environmental issues as compared to Dawn newspaper in terms of news stories and editorials.

Pakistan Democratic Movement (PDM) was a significant political alliance formed in 2020, comprising major opposition parties in Pakistan. The PDM came into power as a result of a 'no-confidence-motion' (NCM) against the then Prime Minister Mr Imran Khan in April 2022. The NCM and its consequences are very interesting given the fact that this 'political move' was very first of its kind in the history of Pakistan which resulted in the toppling of a democratically elected PM. The move and its subsequent political result i.e. the formation of the PDM government received a variety of coverage in the media. This study is an attempt to explore the coverage of PDM government-related issues by dailies The Dawn and The News International from February 2022 to August 2022. This research is an attempt to determine and analyze the predominant narratives produced by the selected newspapers regarding the PDM government in their editorials.

The current qualitative study was conducted to analyze the mathematics curriculum across grade levels for students’ critical thinking skills development. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the document with the facilitation of NVivo software. As per the analysis, Grades I-III cover core math concepts at an introductory level using real-life examples presented concretely. Then grades IV-VIII revisit these same ideas with more depth and add logical reasoning. Finally (IX-X) and higher secondary (XI-XII) levels aim to build a rigorous conceptual understanding of complex mathematical topics like calculus, vectors, and complex numbers as well as non-routine problem-solving capacity utilizing proof techniques and technology tools like MAPLE software. The research results show that the curriculum is indeed effective for 21st-century skills development such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and technological literacy. Students who complete this systematic program will be prepared for advanced studies or careers that require mathematical proficiency.

To begin with, I examine media portrayal of climate change across the Global South, and in particular three countries; Pakistan, Nigeria and Brazil. It probes the description and rousing of climate change in news media, and the information of how environment-related news is filtered by the national and regional context. In this study, the patterns of narratives of climate change, role of the segments of the government and international actors, and the control of global media, are considered using a content analysis approach to news coverage of these countries. Further to that, the study also looks deeply into the perception of people regarding the credibility of climate change news and the impacts of fake news on making public opinion on the same. The findings also provide clues into how countries which are typically disproportionally affected by the impacts of climate change portray such impacts.