Work- Family Conflict and its Impact on Job Performance of Female Teachers of Frontier Education Foundation Girls Colleges of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
The study investigated family interference with work conflict (FIW) among female teachers based on selected demographic variables and its impact on their job performance; with job performance as the dependent variable and FIW the independent variable. The data was gathered from 295 female teachers from fifteen FEF girls’ degree colleges across Khyber Pakhtunkhwa through a survey questionnaire of 42 closed-end items on five-point Likert scale. Of the total 295 teachers, 220 respondents including 177 married and 43 unmarried returned the questionnaire. The findings divulged that the teachers faced FIW with different magnitude based on various demographic factors and has an adverse impact on their job performance. The findings are useful for researchers, policy makers, teacher and employers as they give an insight into the female teachers’ problems in their efforts of balancing their roles in family and work domains.
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Work-family Conflict, College Teachers, Job Performance, Pakistan, KPK
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(1) Farid Ullah Khan
Assistant Professor, Institute of Education & Research, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan.
(2) Waqar Un Nisa Faizi
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Islamia College Peshawar.
(3) Muhammad Naseer Ud Din
Associate Professor, Institute of Education & Research, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan.
Cost Effectiveness of Teachers Working at Government and Private Colleges
The paper analyses cost and effectiveness of academic staff working at government and private colleges district Bahawalpur. Therein, it focuses, (a) comparison of cost between private and Government Colleges, (b) finding the sector which readily adopts new trends in education through costeffectiveness, (c) evaluates the use of resources in government and private college in terms of quality efficacy, and (d) compare the achievement in education in government and private sector by utilizing cost-effectiveness analysis. Survey approach was used for data collection. So, two separate questionnaires were developed on a five point Likert scale. Cost and effectiveness in government and private college were then reviewed. The sample was selected from the universe of teachers and Parents of Bahawalpur district. Data were then analysed and presented through means and t-test. Major findings of the study indicated government college teachers’ salary fall between 50,000 to 100,000 and private college salary 20,000 to 50,0000. Majority of teachers in both sectors teach undergraduate and graduate level classes. Very few teachers teach higher level classes. Government college teachers show more flexibility in their behaviour as claimed by respondents, than their private counterparts. Private college did superior work in the category of ethic than Government College. It is observed that private college teachers encourage the students learning by doing in the classroom more than Government College.
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Government, Private, College, Cost Effectiveness, College Teachers
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(1) Muhammad Tahir Khan Farooqi
Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Research and Assessment, University of Okara, Okara, Punjab, Pakistan
(2) Hafiz Muhammad Ather Khan
Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Ghulam Qambar
PhD Scholar(Education), Department of Educational Research and Assessment, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan, Pakistan.