References
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- Ashraf, S. (2019). Pakistani parents and their children's school: parent and school staff perspectives on parental involvement at the foundation stage. Race Ethnicity and Education, 22(5), 703-721.
- Awan, A. G., & Kauser, D. (2015). Impact of educated mother on academic achievement of her children: A case study of District Lodhran-Pakistan. Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics, 12, 57-65.
- Batool, S., & Aziz, S. (2018). Effect of parental influence on students' personality and academic achievement at secondary school level. International Journal of Innovation in Teaching and Learning (IJITL), 4(1), 1-15.
- Berg, B. L., & Lune, H. (2017). Qualitative research methods for the social sciences (9th ed.). Boston: Pearson.
- Bjorklund, G., & Burger, C. (1987). Making conferences work for parents, teachers, and children. Young Children, 42(2), 26-31.
- Brinkmann, S., & Kvale, S. (2015). Interviews: Learning the craft of qualitative research interviewing (3rd ed.). London: Sage.
- Brinkmann, S., & Kvale, S. (2018). Doing interviews (2nd ed.). London: Sage.
- Brown, A. L., Harris, M., Jacobson, A., & Trotti, J. (2014). Parent teacher education connection: Preparing pre-service teachers for family engagement. The Teacher Educator, 49(2), 133-151.
- Campbell, S., Greenwood, M., Prior, S., Shearer, T., Walkem, K., Young, S., Bywaters, D., & Walker, K. (2020). Purposive sampling: complex or simple? Research case examples. Journal of Research in Nursing, 25(8), 652-661. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987120927206
- Castro, D. C., Bryant, D. M., Peisner-Feinberg, E. S., & Skinner, M. L. (2004). Parent involvement in Head Start programs: The role of parent, teacher and classroom characteristics. Early childhood research quarterly, 19(3), 413-430.
- Creswell, J. W. (2007a). Qualitative enquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. New York: Sage Publications.
- Creswell, J. W. (2007b). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc.
- Denieffe, S. (2020). Commentary: Purposive sampling: complex or simple? Research case examples. Journal of Research in Nursing, 25(8), 662-663. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987120928156
- Enoch, S. W. (1995). The Dynamics of Home- School Relationships. School Administrator, 52(10), 24-26.
- Epstein, J. L., & Salinas, K. C. (2004). Partnering with families and communities. Educational leadership, 61(8), 12-19.
- Evans, M. P. (2013). Educating pre-service teachers for family, school, and community engagement. Teaching Education, 24(2), 123-133.
- Faize, F. A., & Dahar, M. A. (2011). Effect of mother's level of education on secondary grade science students in Pakistan. Research Journal of International Studies, 19, 13-19.
- Flanigan, C. B. (2007). Preparing pre-service teachers to partner with parents and communities: An analysis of College of Education faculty focus groups. School Community Journal, 17(2), 89-110.
- Ghazi, S. R., Ali, R., Shahzad, S., & Khan, M. S. (2010). Parental involvement in children academic motivation. Asian Social Science, 6(4), 93-99.
- Grossman, P., Hammerness, K., & McDonald, M. (2009). Redefining teaching, re-imagining teacher education. Teachers and Teaching: theory and practice, 15(2), 273-289.
- Gunawan, J. (2015). Ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research. Belitung Nursing Journal, 1(1), 10-11.
- Kohl, G. O., Lengua, L. J., & McMahon, R. J. (2000). Parent involvement in school conceptualizing multiple dimensions and their relations with family and demographic risk factors. Journal of school psychology, 38(6), 501-523.
- Lekli, L., & Kaloti, E. (2015). Building parent- teacher partnerships as an effective means of fostering pupils' success. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 4(1), 101-101.
- Lu, C., Black, M. M., & Richter, L. M. (2016). Risk of poor development in young children in low-income and middle-income countries: an estimation and analysis at the global, regional, and country level. The Lancet Global Health, 4(12), e916-e922.
- Maldonado-Carreño, C., Yoshikawa, H., Escallón, E., Ponguta, L. A., Nieto, A. M., Kagan, S. L., . . . Caro, L. A. (2021). Measuring the quality of early childhood education: Associations with children's development from a national study with the IMCEIC tool in Colombia. Child Development. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13665
- Marcon, R. A. (1999). Positive relationships between parent school involvement and public school inner-city preschoolers' development and academic performance. School psychology review, 28(3), 395-412.
- Miles, M., Huberman, M., & Saldaña, J. (2020). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (4th ed.). New York: Sage Publications.
- Minke, K. M., & Anderson, K. J. (2003). Restructuring routine parent-teacher conferences: The family-school conference model. The Elementary School Journal, 104(1), 49-69.
- Muhammad, G., Shah, S. H., Muhammad, K., & Shah, S. M. (2017). Effect of Community, Parents and Teachers Collaboration on Retention in Girls' Primary Schools of Quetta district, Balochistan, Pakistan. Lasbela, U. J.Sci.Techl, 6, 190-198.
- Muscott, H. S. (2002). Exceptional partnerships: Listening to the voices of families. Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth, 46(2), 66-69.
- Nasir, M., Farooq, R., & Ali, A. (2013). Role of Parents in Strengthening of Parent's Teacher Councils (PTC's) in Schools in KPK, Pakistan. Educational Research International, 2(2), 128-133.
- Parveen, S., Hussain, S., & Reba, A. (2016). The impact of parental involvement on children's education. PUTAJ-Humanities and Social Sciences, 23(2), 239-251.
- Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & research methods (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc.
- Pedro, J. Y., Miller, R., & Bray, P. (2012). Teacher knowledge and dispositions towards parents and families: Rethinking influences and education of early childhood pre- service teachers. Forum on Public Policy Online. https://forumonpublicpolicy.com/vol2012. no1/archive/pedro.pdf
- Rafiq, H. M. W., Fatima, T., Sohail, M. M., Saleem, M., & Khan, M. A. (2013). Parental involvement and academic achievement: A study on secondary school students of Lahore, Pakistan. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(8), 209- 223.
- Roskos, K., & Neuman, S. (1993). Enhancing Head Start parents' conceptions of literacy development and their confidence as literacy teachers: a study of parental involvement. Early Child Development and Care, 89(1), 57-73.
- Seidman, I. (2019). Interviewing as qualitative research: A guide for researchers in education and the social sciences (5th ed.). New York: Teachers College Press.
- Shahazad, M., Abdullah, F., Fatima, S., Raiz, F., & Mehmood, S. (2015). Impacts of parental support on academic performance among secondary school students in Islamabad. Journal of Social Sciences, 7(1), 228-231.
- Shenton, A. K. (2004). Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research projects. Education for information, 22(2), 63-75.
- Sukhbaatar, B. (2014). Study on Parental Involvement Preparation at a Preservice Institution in Mongolia. School Community Journal, 24(2), 189-218.
- Swap, S. M. (1993). Developing home-school partnerships: From concepts to practice: ERIC.
- Tsotetsi, S., van Wyk, S., & Lemmer, E. (2008). The experience of and need for training of school governors in rural schools in South Africa. South African Journal of Education, 28(3), 385-400.
- Wolf, S. (2020).
- nternational Journal of Educational Research, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2019.101525.
- Alaçam, N. (2015). Parent involvement self- efficacy beliefs of pre-service early childhood teachers with respect to general self-efficacy beliefs and perceived barriers about parent involvement. (Unpublished master's thesis), Middle East Technical University, Ankara.
- Ashraf, S. (2019). Pakistani parents and their children's school: parent and school staff perspectives on parental involvement at the foundation stage. Race Ethnicity and Education, 22(5), 703-721.
- Awan, A. G., & Kauser, D. (2015). Impact of educated mother on academic achievement of her children: A case study of District Lodhran-Pakistan. Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics, 12, 57-65.
- Batool, S., & Aziz, S. (2018). Effect of parental influence on students' personality and academic achievement at secondary school level. International Journal of Innovation in Teaching and Learning (IJITL), 4(1), 1-15.
- Berg, B. L., & Lune, H. (2017). Qualitative research methods for the social sciences (9th ed.). Boston: Pearson.
- Bjorklund, G., & Burger, C. (1987). Making conferences work for parents, teachers, and children. Young Children, 42(2), 26-31.
- Brinkmann, S., & Kvale, S. (2015). Interviews: Learning the craft of qualitative research interviewing (3rd ed.). London: Sage.
- Brinkmann, S., & Kvale, S. (2018). Doing interviews (2nd ed.). London: Sage.
- Brown, A. L., Harris, M., Jacobson, A., & Trotti, J. (2014). Parent teacher education connection: Preparing pre-service teachers for family engagement. The Teacher Educator, 49(2), 133-151.
- Campbell, S., Greenwood, M., Prior, S., Shearer, T., Walkem, K., Young, S., Bywaters, D., & Walker, K. (2020). Purposive sampling: complex or simple? Research case examples. Journal of Research in Nursing, 25(8), 652-661. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987120927206
- Castro, D. C., Bryant, D. M., Peisner-Feinberg, E. S., & Skinner, M. L. (2004). Parent involvement in Head Start programs: The role of parent, teacher and classroom characteristics. Early childhood research quarterly, 19(3), 413-430.
- Creswell, J. W. (2007a). Qualitative enquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. New York: Sage Publications.
- Creswell, J. W. (2007b). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc.
- Denieffe, S. (2020). Commentary: Purposive sampling: complex or simple? Research case examples. Journal of Research in Nursing, 25(8), 662-663. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987120928156
- Enoch, S. W. (1995). The Dynamics of Home- School Relationships. School Administrator, 52(10), 24-26.
- Epstein, J. L., & Salinas, K. C. (2004). Partnering with families and communities. Educational leadership, 61(8), 12-19.
- Evans, M. P. (2013). Educating pre-service teachers for family, school, and community engagement. Teaching Education, 24(2), 123-133.
- Faize, F. A., & Dahar, M. A. (2011). Effect of mother's level of education on secondary grade science students in Pakistan. Research Journal of International Studies, 19, 13-19.
- Flanigan, C. B. (2007). Preparing pre-service teachers to partner with parents and communities: An analysis of College of Education faculty focus groups. School Community Journal, 17(2), 89-110.
- Ghazi, S. R., Ali, R., Shahzad, S., & Khan, M. S. (2010). Parental involvement in children academic motivation. Asian Social Science, 6(4), 93-99.
- Grossman, P., Hammerness, K., & McDonald, M. (2009). Redefining teaching, re-imagining teacher education. Teachers and Teaching: theory and practice, 15(2), 273-289.
- Gunawan, J. (2015). Ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research. Belitung Nursing Journal, 1(1), 10-11.
- Kohl, G. O., Lengua, L. J., & McMahon, R. J. (2000). Parent involvement in school conceptualizing multiple dimensions and their relations with family and demographic risk factors. Journal of school psychology, 38(6), 501-523.
- Lekli, L., & Kaloti, E. (2015). Building parent- teacher partnerships as an effective means of fostering pupils' success. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 4(1), 101-101.
- Lu, C., Black, M. M., & Richter, L. M. (2016). Risk of poor development in young children in low-income and middle-income countries: an estimation and analysis at the global, regional, and country level. The Lancet Global Health, 4(12), e916-e922.
- Maldonado-Carreño, C., Yoshikawa, H., Escallón, E., Ponguta, L. A., Nieto, A. M., Kagan, S. L., . . . Caro, L. A. (2021). Measuring the quality of early childhood education: Associations with children's development from a national study with the IMCEIC tool in Colombia. Child Development. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13665
- Marcon, R. A. (1999). Positive relationships between parent school involvement and public school inner-city preschoolers' development and academic performance. School psychology review, 28(3), 395-412.
- Miles, M., Huberman, M., & Saldaña, J. (2020). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (4th ed.). New York: Sage Publications.
- Minke, K. M., & Anderson, K. J. (2003). Restructuring routine parent-teacher conferences: The family-school conference model. The Elementary School Journal, 104(1), 49-69.
- Muhammad, G., Shah, S. H., Muhammad, K., & Shah, S. M. (2017). Effect of Community, Parents and Teachers Collaboration on Retention in Girls' Primary Schools of Quetta district, Balochistan, Pakistan. Lasbela, U. J.Sci.Techl, 6, 190-198.
- Muscott, H. S. (2002). Exceptional partnerships: Listening to the voices of families. Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth, 46(2), 66-69.
- Nasir, M., Farooq, R., & Ali, A. (2013). Role of Parents in Strengthening of Parent's Teacher Councils (PTC's) in Schools in KPK, Pakistan. Educational Research International, 2(2), 128-133.
- Parveen, S., Hussain, S., & Reba, A. (2016). The impact of parental involvement on children's education. PUTAJ-Humanities and Social Sciences, 23(2), 239-251.
- Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & research methods (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc.
- Pedro, J. Y., Miller, R., & Bray, P. (2012). Teacher knowledge and dispositions towards parents and families: Rethinking influences and education of early childhood pre- service teachers. Forum on Public Policy Online. https://forumonpublicpolicy.com/vol2012. no1/archive/pedro.pdf
- Rafiq, H. M. W., Fatima, T., Sohail, M. M., Saleem, M., & Khan, M. A. (2013). Parental involvement and academic achievement: A study on secondary school students of Lahore, Pakistan. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(8), 209- 223.
- Roskos, K., & Neuman, S. (1993). Enhancing Head Start parents' conceptions of literacy development and their confidence as literacy teachers: a study of parental involvement. Early Child Development and Care, 89(1), 57-73.
- Seidman, I. (2019). Interviewing as qualitative research: A guide for researchers in education and the social sciences (5th ed.). New York: Teachers College Press.
- Shahazad, M., Abdullah, F., Fatima, S., Raiz, F., & Mehmood, S. (2015). Impacts of parental support on academic performance among secondary school students in Islamabad. Journal of Social Sciences, 7(1), 228-231.
- Shenton, A. K. (2004). Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research projects. Education for information, 22(2), 63-75.
- Sukhbaatar, B. (2014). Study on Parental Involvement Preparation at a Preservice Institution in Mongolia. School Community Journal, 24(2), 189-218.
- Swap, S. M. (1993). Developing home-school partnerships: From concepts to practice: ERIC.
- Tsotetsi, S., van Wyk, S., & Lemmer, E. (2008). The experience of and need for training of school governors in rural schools in South Africa. South African Journal of Education, 28(3), 385-400.
- Wolf, S. (2020).
- nternational Journal of Educational Research, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2019.101525.
Cite this article
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APA : Arshad, M., Muhammad, Y., & Qureshi, N. (2021). The Influence of Parent-Teacher Meetings on Early Childhood Students' Academic Performance: Prospective Teachers' Perceptions. Global Social Sciences Review, VI(II), 180-190. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2021(VI-II).18
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CHICAGO : Arshad, Mahnoor, Yaar Muhammad, and Naima Qureshi. 2021. "The Influence of Parent-Teacher Meetings on Early Childhood Students' Academic Performance: Prospective Teachers' Perceptions." Global Social Sciences Review, VI (II): 180-190 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2021(VI-II).18
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HARVARD : ARSHAD, M., MUHAMMAD, Y. & QURESHI, N. 2021. The Influence of Parent-Teacher Meetings on Early Childhood Students' Academic Performance: Prospective Teachers' Perceptions. Global Social Sciences Review, VI, 180-190.
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MHRA : Arshad, Mahnoor, Yaar Muhammad, and Naima Qureshi. 2021. "The Influence of Parent-Teacher Meetings on Early Childhood Students' Academic Performance: Prospective Teachers' Perceptions." Global Social Sciences Review, VI: 180-190
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MLA : Arshad, Mahnoor, Yaar Muhammad, and Naima Qureshi. "The Influence of Parent-Teacher Meetings on Early Childhood Students' Academic Performance: Prospective Teachers' Perceptions." Global Social Sciences Review, VI.II (2021): 180-190 Print.
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OXFORD : Arshad, Mahnoor, Muhammad, Yaar, and Qureshi, Naima (2021), "The Influence of Parent-Teacher Meetings on Early Childhood Students' Academic Performance: Prospective Teachers' Perceptions", Global Social Sciences Review, VI (II), 180-190
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TURABIAN : Arshad, Mahnoor, Yaar Muhammad, and Naima Qureshi. "The Influence of Parent-Teacher Meetings on Early Childhood Students' Academic Performance: Prospective Teachers' Perceptions." Global Social Sciences Review VI, no. II (2021): 180-190. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2021(VI-II).18