References
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- Acemoglu, D., & Robinson, J. A. (2013). Why nations fail: the origins of power, prosperity, and poverty. London: Profile Books.
- Ayub, M. A., & Hussain, S. T. (2016). Candles in the dark successful organizations in Pakistan's weak institutional environment. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
- Alam, K. M., Li, X., & Baig, S. (2019). Impact of transport cost and travel time on trade under China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). Journal of Advanced Transportation, Vol. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7178507.
- Auditor General Pakistan (2018). Retrieved from: (Accessed April 13, 2019) http://www.agp.gov.pk/
- Brinkerhoff, D. W. (2000). Assessing political will for anti-corruption efforts: an analytic framework. Public Administration and Development, 20(3), 239-252. doi: 10.1002/1099-162x(200008)20:3
- Baig, S., & Feng, Y. (2016). The democracy-governance-corruption nexus: evidence from developing countries. Pakistan Journal of Applied Economics, Special issue, 43-70.
- Bolongaita, E.P. (2010). An exception to the rule? Why Indonesia's anti-corruption commission succeeds when others don't. U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre. Retrieved from http://www.u4.no/publications/anexception-to-the-rule-why-indonesia-s-anti-corruption-commission-succeeds-where-others-don-t-acomparison-with-the-philippines-ombudsman/
- Chêne, M. (2008).Overview of corruption in Pakistan. Transparency International.
- Chêne, M. (2008). Drafting a national anti-corruption strategy for Vietnam. U4 No. Expert Answers. Retrieved from: (Accessed Jan 10, 2019) http://www.u4.no/publications/drafting-a-national-anti-corruption-strategy-for-vietnam/
- Cooter, R. (2007). Doing what you Say: contracts and economic development. Ala. L. Rev., 59(1), 1107-1130.
- Chua, C. Y. (2007). Singapore's three-pronged program to combat corruption: enforcement, legislation and adjudication. Retrieved from (Accessed Jan 15, 2019) http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/apcity/unpan047818.pdf
- Fritzen, S. (2006). Beyond 'political will': How institutional context shapes the implementation of anti-Corruption Policies. Policy & Society, 24(3), 79-96.
- FIA (2018). Ministry of Interior, Government of Pakistan. Retrieved from: (Accessed April 13, 2018) http://fia.gov.pk/abt_background.htm
- Ghumman, K. (2012). PAC seeks to scrutinize SC accounts. Retrieved form: (Accessed April 13, 2018) https://www.dawn.com/news/714422
- Jenkins, M.B. (2002). Countering al-qaeda: The next phase in the war featured on the Rand Blog. Retrieved from: https://www.rand.org/blog/2002/09/countering-al-qaeda-the-next-phase-in-the-war.html.
- Johnston, M. (2010). Political and social foundations for reform: Anti-corruption strategies for the Philippines. Manila: Asian Institute of Management.
- Johnston, M., & Kpundeh, S. J. (2004). Building a Clean Machine: Anti-corruption Coalitions and Sustainable Reform. World Bank Institute Working Paper Series No. 37208, Washington, DC: World Bank
- Klitgaard, R. (2008). Controlling corruption. Berkely: Univ. of Calif. Pr.
- Khan, M. (2013). Determinants of corruption in developing countries: the limits of conventional economic analysis, in S. Rose-Ackerman & T. Søreide (eds.), The International Handbook on the Economics of Corruption (pp. 216-244). (Cheltenham UK: Edward Elgar Publishing) Survey (NACS) (2016). http://www.transparency.org.pk/ncps2011/ncps2011.pdf
- National Anti-Corruption Strategy (2002). Retrieved from http://www.nab.gov.pk/downloads/doc/nacs.pdf
- National Accountability Bureau Ordinance, (2002). Retrieved from: http://www.pakistani.org/pakistan/legislation/1999/NABOrdinance.html
- Public Accounts Committee, National Assembly of Pakistan. Retrieved from: (Accessed April 13 2018) http://www.pac.na.gov.pk/
- Quah, J. S. (2007). Combating corruption Singapore-style: Lessons for other Asian countries. Maryland Series in Contemporary Asian Studies, 3(2), 17-30
- Rose, R. (2010). Learning from comparative public policy: a practical guide. London: Routledge.
- Rose-Ackerman, S. (n.d.). Democracy and Corruption: Incentives and Reforms. Corruption and Government, 127- 142. doi: 10.1017/cbo9781139175098.009
- Treisman, D. (2000). The causes of corruption: a cross-national study. Journal of Public Economics, 76(3), 399- 457. doi: 10.1016/s0047-2727(99)00092-4.
- Transparency International Pakistan (2018).Annual Report. Retrieved from: http://www.transparency.org.pk/documents/annual_report2010.pdf
- World Bank Governance Indicators (2018). Retrieved from http://info.worldbank. org/etools/ANTIC/docs/Resources/Country Profiles/Pakistan/NAC_NationalStrategy_Pakistan.pdf
- World Bank (2000). Anti-corruption in transition: A contribution to the policy debate. Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/ECAEXT/Resources/ publications/AnticorruptioninTransition2000/chapter5.pdf
- Hui, W. (2014). Combating Corruption: The Hong Kong Experience. SSRN Electronic Journal. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2677614
- Aidt T. (2011). Corruption and Sustainability, in S. Rose-Ackerman & T. Søreide (eds.), the International Handbook on the Economics of Corruption (pp. 3-51). (Cheltenham UK: Edward Elgar Publishing) pp. 3-51.
- Acemoglu, D., & Robinson, J. A. (2013). Why nations fail: the origins of power, prosperity, and poverty. London: Profile Books.
- Ayub, M. A., & Hussain, S. T. (2016). Candles in the dark successful organizations in Pakistan's weak institutional environment. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
- Alam, K. M., Li, X., & Baig, S. (2019). Impact of transport cost and travel time on trade under China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). Journal of Advanced Transportation, Vol. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7178507.
- Auditor General Pakistan (2018). Retrieved from: (Accessed April 13, 2019) http://www.agp.gov.pk/
- Brinkerhoff, D. W. (2000). Assessing political will for anti-corruption efforts: an analytic framework. Public Administration and Development, 20(3), 239-252. doi: 10.1002/1099-162x(200008)20:3
- Baig, S., & Feng, Y. (2016). The democracy-governance-corruption nexus: evidence from developing countries. Pakistan Journal of Applied Economics, Special issue, 43-70.
- Bolongaita, E.P. (2010). An exception to the rule? Why Indonesia's anti-corruption commission succeeds when others don't. U4 Anti-Corruption Resource Centre. Retrieved from http://www.u4.no/publications/anexception-to-the-rule-why-indonesia-s-anti-corruption-commission-succeeds-where-others-don-t-acomparison-with-the-philippines-ombudsman/
- Chêne, M. (2008).Overview of corruption in Pakistan. Transparency International.
- Chêne, M. (2008). Drafting a national anti-corruption strategy for Vietnam. U4 No. Expert Answers. Retrieved from: (Accessed Jan 10, 2019) http://www.u4.no/publications/drafting-a-national-anti-corruption-strategy-for-vietnam/
- Cooter, R. (2007). Doing what you Say: contracts and economic development. Ala. L. Rev., 59(1), 1107-1130.
- Chua, C. Y. (2007). Singapore's three-pronged program to combat corruption: enforcement, legislation and adjudication. Retrieved from (Accessed Jan 15, 2019) http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/apcity/unpan047818.pdf
- Fritzen, S. (2006). Beyond 'political will': How institutional context shapes the implementation of anti-Corruption Policies. Policy & Society, 24(3), 79-96.
- FIA (2018). Ministry of Interior, Government of Pakistan. Retrieved from: (Accessed April 13, 2018) http://fia.gov.pk/abt_background.htm
- Ghumman, K. (2012). PAC seeks to scrutinize SC accounts. Retrieved form: (Accessed April 13, 2018) https://www.dawn.com/news/714422
- Jenkins, M.B. (2002). Countering al-qaeda: The next phase in the war featured on the Rand Blog. Retrieved from: https://www.rand.org/blog/2002/09/countering-al-qaeda-the-next-phase-in-the-war.html.
- Johnston, M. (2010). Political and social foundations for reform: Anti-corruption strategies for the Philippines. Manila: Asian Institute of Management.
- Johnston, M., & Kpundeh, S. J. (2004). Building a Clean Machine: Anti-corruption Coalitions and Sustainable Reform. World Bank Institute Working Paper Series No. 37208, Washington, DC: World Bank
- Klitgaard, R. (2008). Controlling corruption. Berkely: Univ. of Calif. Pr.
- Khan, M. (2013). Determinants of corruption in developing countries: the limits of conventional economic analysis, in S. Rose-Ackerman & T. Søreide (eds.), The International Handbook on the Economics of Corruption (pp. 216-244). (Cheltenham UK: Edward Elgar Publishing) Survey (NACS) (2016). http://www.transparency.org.pk/ncps2011/ncps2011.pdf
- National Anti-Corruption Strategy (2002). Retrieved from http://www.nab.gov.pk/downloads/doc/nacs.pdf
- National Accountability Bureau Ordinance, (2002). Retrieved from: http://www.pakistani.org/pakistan/legislation/1999/NABOrdinance.html
- Public Accounts Committee, National Assembly of Pakistan. Retrieved from: (Accessed April 13 2018) http://www.pac.na.gov.pk/
- Quah, J. S. (2007). Combating corruption Singapore-style: Lessons for other Asian countries. Maryland Series in Contemporary Asian Studies, 3(2), 17-30
- Rose, R. (2010). Learning from comparative public policy: a practical guide. London: Routledge.
- Rose-Ackerman, S. (n.d.). Democracy and Corruption: Incentives and Reforms. Corruption and Government, 127- 142. doi: 10.1017/cbo9781139175098.009
- Treisman, D. (2000). The causes of corruption: a cross-national study. Journal of Public Economics, 76(3), 399- 457. doi: 10.1016/s0047-2727(99)00092-4.
- Transparency International Pakistan (2018).Annual Report. Retrieved from: http://www.transparency.org.pk/documents/annual_report2010.pdf
- World Bank Governance Indicators (2018). Retrieved from http://info.worldbank. org/etools/ANTIC/docs/Resources/Country Profiles/Pakistan/NAC_NationalStrategy_Pakistan.pdf
- World Bank (2000). Anti-corruption in transition: A contribution to the policy debate. Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/ECAEXT/Resources/ publications/AnticorruptioninTransition2000/chapter5.pdf
- Hui, W. (2014). Combating Corruption: The Hong Kong Experience. SSRN Electronic Journal. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2677614
Cite this article
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APA : Baig, S. M. (2019). Policy Considerations for Designing Effective Anti-Corruption Strategies in Pakistan. Global Social Sciences Review, IV(I), 271-280. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-I).36
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CHICAGO : Baig, Saranjam Muhammad. 2019. "Policy Considerations for Designing Effective Anti-Corruption Strategies in Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review, IV (I): 271-280 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-I).36
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HARVARD : BAIG, S. M. 2019. Policy Considerations for Designing Effective Anti-Corruption Strategies in Pakistan. Global Social Sciences Review, IV, 271-280.
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MHRA : Baig, Saranjam Muhammad. 2019. "Policy Considerations for Designing Effective Anti-Corruption Strategies in Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review, IV: 271-280
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MLA : Baig, Saranjam Muhammad. "Policy Considerations for Designing Effective Anti-Corruption Strategies in Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review, IV.I (2019): 271-280 Print.
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OXFORD : Baig, Saranjam Muhammad (2019), "Policy Considerations for Designing Effective Anti-Corruption Strategies in Pakistan", Global Social Sciences Review, IV (I), 271-280
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TURABIAN : Baig, Saranjam Muhammad. "Policy Considerations for Designing Effective Anti-Corruption Strategies in Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review IV, no. I (2019): 271-280. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-I).36