SWOT Analysis of Gwadar and Chabahar Port
Gwadar and Chabahar port both have significance due to their geostrategic position for the emerging economic powers of Asia, India, and China. Gwadar port managed by China under the CPEC agreement, while on the other side, Chabahar port funded by India under Preferential Trade Agreement (PTA) which was signed on 23 May 2016 between India, Afghanistan, and Iran. Both ports are located in a significant strategic position for an energy trade route to connect Central Asia, Middle East, and Europe. Due to economic cost, both ports came into competition with each other. However, Iran and Pakistan both states deny any competition with each other and both states keenly interested in building cooperation and connections with each other. No doubt China is the emerging economic power of the world while the US try to contain China's growing influence in the Asian region for its resources. This paper focused on the nature of both ports and built arguments that possible strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threat in the light of comparative analysis through descriptive studies
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Gwadar, Chabahar, Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats, CPEC
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(1) Shabnam Gul
Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Sabahat Jaleel
Lecturer, University of Engineering and Technology Taxila, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Faizan Asgher
MPhil, Peace & Counter Terrorism Studies, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Cyber Laws and Cyber Security in Pakistan: Myths and Realities
The evolving nature of warfare is characterized by technology's ability to adapt and attack enemies in different ways at different times and places. This adaptability also extends to the realm of cybersecurity, where billions of dollars are illegally transferred, data breaches occur, national secrets are compromised, and critical public infrastructure is hacked. Pakistan, like many other countries, is not immune to these challenges. Pakistan recently experienced a massive cyberattack against a major institutional website, resulting in a successful intrusion by hackers. In response, Pakistani lawmakers introduced a cyber law, but at the time the scale and complexity of these new threats were not fully recognized. To protect itself from such risks, it is important for Pakistan to stay vigilant
and continuously adapt its cybersecurity measures to meet the evolving cyber threat landscape.
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Cybersecurity, Warfare Adaptation, Global Threat, Illicit Transfers, Cyber- Attacks, Cyber Laws, CERT (Computer Emergency Response Team)
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(1) Muhammad Tahir
Assistant Professor, Dadabhoy Institute of Higher Education, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
(2) Tahreem Farrukh
Assistant Professor, School of Law, Karachi University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Shahid
MA, LLM, Advocate High Court, Pakistan.
An Analysis of Insurgency in Afghanistan (2001 - 2016)
Afghanistan has been wrapped in insurgency since the Russian withdrawal in 1979, followed by civil war. The emergence of Taliban to power with their self-styled type of imposition of Islamic law compelled the great powers to interfere in the internal affairs of Afghanistan. September 2001 was a turning point in the history of Afghanistan as the NATO forces made their entry under the garb of security. The establishment of a democratic government in the country could not help in uprooting terrorism and insurgency from the country. Since the period of Russian Withdrawal, the country witnessed different eras of Taliban and the democratic governments coupled with the NATO mission. It is a fact that during the long stay of the presence of coalition forces in Afghanistan, insurgency could not be completely uprooted since new threats from different groups of insurgents have overpowered the country. Some of the provinces are hit hard by insurgency and terrorism. Efforts to hold peace talks were always dashed to the ground when the ISAF started its military operations against the terrorists.
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Insurgency, Taliban, Afghanistan, Threats
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(1) Muhammad Tariq
PhD (Political Science), Department of District Education, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
(2) Manzoor Khan Afridi
Assistant Professor & HoD, Department of Politics and IR, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(3) Ahmed Saeed Minhas
PhD Scholar (IR), School of Politics and IR, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Threat Framing of CPEC In Pakistani Newspapers: Post Dasu Attach Analysis
This research intends to study geostrategic and eco-political threats attached to China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) concerning Pakistani media coverage of Dasu attack in 2021. While 13 workers, including Chinese engineers were killed which resultantly resurfaced the security threat attached to this project. To analyze the media’s apprehension about the incident and framing trends, editorials of four leading newspapers, two English; Dawn and The Nation, two Urdu: Daily Jang and Daily Express, were selected with a duration from July 1, 2021 to November 30, 2022. Previous studies helped in determining to incorporate ‘threat frame’ to be analyzed in editorials which further lead to quantify its coverage frequency. The findings revealed that newspapers indicated towards threats of security, insurgencies, internal and external terrorism attacks with serious apprehension to be resolved. The findings also concluded that editorial manuscripts help in steering and determining geopolitical issues in constructive ways.
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CPEC, Dasu, Editorials, Threat, Framing
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(1) Ali Ab Ul Hassan
Lecturer, School of Creative Arts, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Abul Hassan
Assistant Professor, School of Creative Arts, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
(3) Ayesha Salahuddin
Research Scholar School of Creative Arts, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.