This paper demonstrates how Mohsin Hamid's Exit West deals with the pernicious consequences of war, and anarchy.  The refugees Saeed and Nadia resorted to escape routes in search of an asylum, due to war. These were desperate times that called for desperate measures. When both protagonists escape using "black doors," what I call 'time- time-travellesque,' it transports them to an alternate reality that negates time and space. This research examines how spatiotemporal travel impacts these two characters who bypass the experience of "trapped kinetics". My argument is that refugee experience and incessant surveillance change people. Both protagonists go through similar experiences but come up with different ways to deal with life. This illuminates how these black doors transcend the restrictions imposed by time and space and how this change rebuts the travel restrictions imposed by visas and borders for the refugees.

This study examined the relationship between identity formation and self/interpersonal functioning among Afghan refugees. A sample of 323 refugees aged 18–29 years was selected through cluster sampling from organizations including SHARP, Handicap International (HI), International Medical Corps (IMC), and UNHCR in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Identity formation was assessed using the Dimensions of Identity Development Scale (DIDS), while self and interpersonal functioning was measured through the Self and Interpersonal Functioning Scale (SIFS). Data analyzed using descriptive, correlational, t-test, and regression methods. Results revealed a significant negative correlation between identity formation and self/interpersonal functioning (r = −.421, p < .001). Ruminative exploration positively predicted poorer self and interpersonal functioning, whereas positive identity development significantly predicted better functioning (p < .001). Significant gender differences were observed in identity development (p< .001), but not in self/interpersonal functioning. Findings highlight the psychological impact of displacement, trauma, and forced migration on refugee wellbeing and adjustment.