Effect of Self-Efficacy on the Performance of Football Referees in Pakistan
Referees and officials are a very important part of competitive sports not only because of their impact on players' behaviors and game outcomes but also because they ensure that competitions are conducted safely according to specific rules of the game. The current study sought to evaluate the relationship of these various levels to perform in numerous aspects of officiating. A second purpose was to evaluate proposed sources of referee efficacy as predictors of referee efficacy levels and performance. Football referees (n=100) who were officially members of different sports playing departments of Pakistan included HEC, completed a survey questionnaire that measured the experience as an official. Categories of Football Referees were divided into three groups of age, 25-35, 36-45 and 46-55. The result reported that the age category of 46-55 years old football referees had an optimal level of self-efficacy than other age categories 25-35 and 36-45.
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Self Efficacy, Referee, Football
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(1) Yasmeen Tabassum
Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Iqra khadim
Department of Sports Archeology and Tourism, Youth Affairs, Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Hurria Hussein
Department of Sports for Women, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Role of Personal and Ground Safety Measures Affecting Sports Performance
Personal and ground safety measures are considered very significant in contact games. The main objectives were to determine the awareness of safety measures among Cricket and Football players and to analyze the effect of these measures on their performance. Inferential, Correlation, regression analysis, and t-test statistics were employed for data analysis. Data reliability was 0.80. So for the question of mean as well as Standard deviation of the scales Personal Safety Measures(PSM),Ground Safety Measures(GSM) & Self-rating Performance (SRP) are concerned, they were 3.34±0.40, 3.34±0.70 and 3.13±0.46 respectively. The performance of the Cricket & Football players had a positive and significant (p<0.05) correlation with PSM (r=0.59) and GSM (r=0.90). The PSM had an insignificant (p>0.05, β1 =0.05) while GSM had a significant effect (p<0.05, β2 =1.05) on the performance of players of both games. PSM & GSM have a positive & significant correlation with the performance of Cricket and Football players.
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Cricket, Football, Ground, Performance, Personal, Players, Safety
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(1) Mohibullah Khan Marwat
Professor, Department of Sports Sciences & Physical Education, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Kashif Mehmood
Lecturer, Department of Sports Sciences & Physical Education, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab Pakistan.
(3) Sajid Hussain
Lecturer, Department of Sports Sciences & Physical Education, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab Pakistan.