Despite the growing concern regarding the hazardous effects of tobacco by the international community, tobacco farming still prevails worldwide. This study was planned to explore how the rural farmers perceive the significance of tobacco farming in term of its social impacts on the farming community in district Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Tobacco farming was taken as independent variables and its social impacts on the farmers were selected as the outcome variable. The social impact variable was operationalized with sub-variables as income, social status, expanding kin relationships, labor opportunity, and linkages with people of different social background. Data were collected from 144 tobacco growers through structured questionnaire and analyzed through correlation and regression models. The study concluded that tobacco farming brings about positive impacts on the social status of the farming community by increasing their income, elevates their social status, expands kin relationships, and provides labor opportunity to the farmers.

This research study is carried out to know about the importance of social mobilization intervention of Crop Maximization Project on the socio-economic development of small farmers of district Charsadda. The objective of this research study was to know about the role of the social mobilization of the project in uplifting the social and economic conditions of small farmers of the targeted area. The present research study was carried out in union councils Rajjar-II and Sarki Tetara of Tehsil and district Charsadda. Pre-tested interview schedule was used for data collection from 150 respondents, who were purposively selected through random sampling method. The analyzed data indicated that 100% of the respondents were fully satisfied the role played by social mobilization in their motivation, awareness, empowerment, capacity building and organization. Majority (93.3%) of the respondents utilized these skills empowerment for their social and economic development while only 6.7% of them got no benefits. The research findings indicates that effective social mobilization can pave the way for other practical developmental initiatives by motivating, organizing and building the capacity of the targeted population. In future rural development projects there should be effective social mobilization sector, which can bring the maximum number of the targeted population in main stream to get the maximum benefits from the development projects

Considering the significance of the poultry industry, the study tried to evaluate the economic viability of poultry farmers in the Lasbela district of Balochistan. Furthermore, the study also estimated the profitability of the numerous players engaged in the poultry industry. A sum of seventy-five poultry farmers, intermediaries, and retailers was interviewed using a
convenience sampling technique. The study results showed that the main obstacle to the expansion of the poultry industry in the region is the unequal and insufficient distribution of profits between producers, intermediaries, and retailers. The study results determined that the commission agent earns 41 percent while retailers make 24 per cent of the supernormal profit; at the same
time, none of the profits is reinvested in the business because the producers still struggle to meet the financial requirements. In the future, policymakers ought to improve the mechanism of profit allocation to improve consumer access to
nutrition and to ensure the just profit of all stakeholders in the industry. It will also stimulate investment in the poultry industry which will further promote economic activities and employment in the region.