This research article examines the potential drivers of ethnic terrorism. The ethnic component has typically been ignored by terrorism academia, which has instead concentrated on developing theories that can explain all terrorist violence. The research does cover attributes of ethnic terrorism, whether it is a notion of nationalism or beyond depending on the case. This study focuses on the ethnic groups that why resort to violence to achieve their objective. The research tested the cause of ethnic terrorism based on three theoretical frameworks: political repression, economic grievances and elite competition. The research focuses on the factors driving the Baloch nationalist movement and the adoption of violence by Baloch separatist groups in Pakistan. In the case of Balochistan, three respective hypotheses are built and analyzed. The results demonstrate that political repression raises the risk of ethnic terrorism, although economic resentments or competitive elites are typically not linked to this type of violence