ARTICLE

UNIVERSITY TEACHERS ATTITUDE TOWARDS INCLUSION EFFICACY AND INTENTIONS TO TEACH IN INCLUSIVE CLASSROOMS IN HIGHER EDUCATION

47 Pages : 365-372

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-I).47      10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-I).47      Published : Mar 1

University Teachers Attitude Towards Inclusion, Efficacy and Intentions to Teach in Inclusive Classrooms in Higher Education

    Major objectives of this study were to assess university teachers attitude towards inclusion, their efficacy in implementing inclusive practices and their intentions to teach in inclusive classroom and to find correlation among the aforementioned study variables. The sample comprised of 180 teachers from a multidisciplinary public sector university in Faisalabad. The instruments used for data collection were (1) SACIERto assess the university teachers sentiments, attitude and concerns about inclusive education, (2) TEIP to measure the teachers self-efficacy in implementing inclusive practices and(3) TITIC to assess the teachers intentions to teach in inclusive classroom. The results show teachers positive attitudes, self-efficacy and intentions towards inclusion. There is a moderate positive significant correlation between teachers attitude and their efficacy (r = 0.42) comparatively weak between attitude and intention (r = 0.32) and strong between efficacy and intention (r = 0.75). Findings may support understanding and implementation of inclusive education at the university level in Pakistan.

    Self-Efficacy, Inclusive Education, Intentions, Attitude
    (1) Umair Ayub
    M.Phil Scholar, Department of Education, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Shumaila Shahzad
    Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Muhammad Shabbir Ali
    Assistant Professor, University of Education, Faisalabad Campus, Punjab, Pakistan.
  • Agbenyega, J. (2007). Examining teachers' concerns and attitudes to inclusive education in Ghana. International Journal of Whole Schooling, 3(1), 41-56.
  • Ajzen, I. & Fishbein, M. (2005). The influence of attitudes on behavior. In D. Albarracin, B. Johnson, & M. P. Zanna (Eds.), The handbook of attitudes (pp. 173-221). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Ahsan, M. T., Sharma, U. & Deppeler, J. M. (2012). Exploring pre-service teachers' perceived teaching-efficacy, attitudes and concerns about inclusive education in Bangladesh. International Journal of Whole Schooling, 8(2), 1-20.
  • Avramidis, E. & Norwich, B. (2002). Teachers attitudes towards integration inclusion: A review of the literature. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 17(2), 129-147.
  • Avramidis, E., Bayliss, P. & Burden, R. (2002). Inclusion in action: An in-depth case study of an effective inclusive secondary school in the south-west of England. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 6(2), 143- 163.
  • Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The activity of control. New York: W.H. Freeman Co.
  • Booth, T., Ainscow, M., Nes, K. & Strømstad, M. (2001). Centre for studies on inclusive education. Index for Inclusion: Developing Learning and Participation in Schools.
  • Eagly, A. H. and S. Chaiken. (1993). The nature of attitudes. In A. H. Eagly and S. Chaiken (Eds.), The psychology of attitudes, (pp. 1-21). Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace College.
  • Forlin, C., Earle, C., Loreman, T. & Sharma, U. (2011). The sentiments, attitudes, and concerns about inclusive education revised (SACIE-R) scale for measuring pre-service teachers' perceptions about inclusion. Exceptionality Education International, 21, 50-65.
  • Freire, S. (2009). Creating inclusive learning environments: Difficulties and opportunities within the new political ethos. The Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 14(1), 131-135.
  • Gall, M. D., Borg, W. R., & Gall, J. P. (1996). Research methods. In M. D. Gall, W. R. Borg & J. P. Gall (Eds.), Educational research: An introduction (6th ed., pp. 165-370). New York: Longman Publishers.
  • Guskey, T. R., & Passaro, P. D. (1994). Teacher efficacy: A study of construct dimensions. American Educational Research Journal, 31(3), 627-643.
  • Hameed, A. (2003). Inclusive education: An emerging trend in Pakistan. Paper presented at International Conference on Inclusive Education Hong Kong.
  • Hammond, H. & Ingalls, L. (2003). Teachers attitudes toward inclusion: Survey results from elementary school teachers in three Southwestern rural school districts. Rural Special Education Quarterly, 22(2), 24-30.
  • Jordan, A., Schwartz, E. & McGhie-Richmond, D. (2009). Preparing teachers for inclusive classrooms. Teaching and Teacher Education, 25(4), 535-542.
  • Khan, F. (1998). Case study on special need education in Pakistan: The process of inclusion. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 13 (1), 98-111.
  • Lamorey, S. & Wilcox, J. (2005). Early interventionist self-efficacy scale: A measure and its applications. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 20(1), 69-85.
  • Loreman, T. (1999). Integration: Coming from the outside. Interaction, 13(1), 21-23.
  • Malinen, O. P., Savolainen, H. & Xu, J. (2012). Beijing in-service teachers' self-efficacy and attitudes towards inclusive education. Teaching and Teacher Education, 28(4), 526-534.
  • Marschark, M., Young, A. & Lukomski, J. (2002). Perspectives on inclusion. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 7, 187-188.
  • Meijer, C. J. W., & Foster, S. F. (1988). The effect of teacher self-efficacy on referral chance. The Journal of Special Education, 22(3), 378-385.
  • Ramli, L. I. B. (2017). Attitudes of preschool teachers towards the introduction of inclusive education (IE) in Malaysian government preschools. An unpublished PhD thesis in the university of Leeds schools of education.
  • Savolainen, H., Engelbrecht, P., Nel, M. & Malinen, O. (2012). Understanding teachers' attitudes and self-efficacy in inclusive education: Implications for pre-service and in-service teacher education. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 27(21), 51-68
  • Shahzadi, S. (2000). Inclusive education: Perspective of services. Paper presented at International Special Education Congress, University of Manchester, July 24-28, 2000.
  • Sharma, U. & Deppeler, J. (2005). Inclusive education in India: Challenges and prospects. Disabilities Studies Quarterly, 25(1), Retrieved June 26, 2019, from
  • Sharma, U., Forlin, C. & Loreman, T. (2008). Impact of training on pre-service teachers' attitudes and concerns about inclusive education and sentiments about persons with disabilities. Disability and Society, 23, 773- 85.
  • Sharma, U., Loreman, T. & Forlin, C. (2012). Measuring teaching efficacy to implement inclusive practices. Journal of Research in Special Education Needs, 12, 12-21.
  • Sultana, N. (1993). Special education in Pakistan. Paper presented at the Annual International Convention of the Council of Exceptional Children, San Antonio, Texas.
  • Symeonidou, S. & Phtiaka, H. (2009). Using teachers' prior knowledge, attitudes and beliefs to develop in-service teacher education courses for inclusion. Teaching & Teacher Education, 25(4), 543-550
  • Triandis, H. C. (1971). Attitude measurement and methodology. In H. C. Triandis (Eds.), Attitudes and attitude change (pp. 26-59). New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Tschannen-Moran, M. & Hoy, A. W. (2001). Teacher efficacy: Capturing an elusive construct. Teaching and Teacher Education, 17, 783-805.
  • UNESCO. (1993). Special needs in the classroom: Teacher resource pack. Paris: UNESCO.
  • UNESCO. (1999). Education for all. The year 2000-assessment. Pakistan Country Report. Paris: UNESCO.
  • Weisel, A. & Dror, O. (2006). School climate, sense of efficacy and Israeli teachers' attitudes toward inclusion of students with special needs. Education, Citizenship and Social Justice, 1(2), 157-174.
  • World Education Forum. (2000). Inclusion in education: the participation of disabled Learners. Dakar, Senegal.
  • Yada, A. (2015). Japanese in-service teachers' attitudes towards inclusive education and self-efficacy for inclusive practices. An unpublished thesis of Masters in university of Jyväskylä

Cite this article

    APA : Ayub, U., Shahzad, S., & Ali, M. S. (2019). University Teachers Attitude Towards Inclusion, Efficacy and Intentions to Teach in Inclusive Classrooms in Higher Education. Global Social Sciences Review, IV(I), 365-372. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-I).47
    CHICAGO : Ayub, Umair, Shumaila Shahzad, and Muhammad Shabbir Ali. 2019. "University Teachers Attitude Towards Inclusion, Efficacy and Intentions to Teach in Inclusive Classrooms in Higher Education." Global Social Sciences Review, IV (I): 365-372 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-I).47
    HARVARD : AYUB, U., SHAHZAD, S. & ALI, M. S. 2019. University Teachers Attitude Towards Inclusion, Efficacy and Intentions to Teach in Inclusive Classrooms in Higher Education. Global Social Sciences Review, IV, 365-372.
    MHRA : Ayub, Umair, Shumaila Shahzad, and Muhammad Shabbir Ali. 2019. "University Teachers Attitude Towards Inclusion, Efficacy and Intentions to Teach in Inclusive Classrooms in Higher Education." Global Social Sciences Review, IV: 365-372
    MLA : Ayub, Umair, Shumaila Shahzad, and Muhammad Shabbir Ali. "University Teachers Attitude Towards Inclusion, Efficacy and Intentions to Teach in Inclusive Classrooms in Higher Education." Global Social Sciences Review, IV.I (2019): 365-372 Print.
    OXFORD : Ayub, Umair, Shahzad, Shumaila, and Ali, Muhammad Shabbir (2019), "University Teachers Attitude Towards Inclusion, Efficacy and Intentions to Teach in Inclusive Classrooms in Higher Education", Global Social Sciences Review, IV (I), 365-372
    TURABIAN : Ayub, Umair, Shumaila Shahzad, and Muhammad Shabbir Ali. "University Teachers Attitude Towards Inclusion, Efficacy and Intentions to Teach in Inclusive Classrooms in Higher Education." Global Social Sciences Review IV, no. I (2019): 365-372. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-I).47