The Work Engagement and Job Characteristics: Systematic Review and Guidelines for Future Avenues
This systematic review of forty articles aims to synthesise the increasing number of work done on work engagement and job characteristics by analysing the preferred sources from 2017 to 2021. The research studies were carefully chosen according to the researcher's inclusion criteria. The all-encompassing review of the literature has included an introduction,significance, and review of 'job characteristics theory, 'job demand theory', and elaborates innovative definition of 'work engagement' in the light of the literature review. The analyses were performed in terms of annual scientific production, most relevant sources, Bradford's law, source growth, tree map, and word dynamics through biblioshiny. MS Excel was used to evaluate the research studies. This systematic review will be beneficial to organisations and policymakers to plan the characteristics of jobs effectively to promote employee participation. Emphasis on the employees' work engagement and job characteristics will support apprehending the dream of a perfect workplace.
-
Job Characteristics, Job Characteristics Theory, Job Demand Resource Theory, Systematic Review, Work Engagement
-
(1) Maryam Gull
Assistant Professor, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
(2) Aliya Ahmed
Dean of Business School, National College of Business Administration and Economics (NCBA and E), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
(3) Sobia Hassan
Department of Public Administration, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
- Agarwal, U. A., & Gupta, V. (2018). Relationships between job characteristics, work engagement, conscientiousness and managers’ turnover intentions: A moderated-mediation analysis. Personnel Review, 47(2), 353–377. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-09-2016-0229
- Bakker, A. B. (2017). Strategic and proactive approaches to work engagement. Organizational Dynamics, 46(2), 67–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2017.04.002
- Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007a). The Job Demands-Resources model: State of the art. In Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309–328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115
- Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007b). The Job Demands-Resources model: State of the art. In Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309–328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115
- Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands-resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056
- Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Sanz-Vergel, A. I. (2014). Burnout and Work Engagement: The JDR Approach. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 1, 389–411. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych- 031413-091235
- Bakker, A. B., & Oerlemans, W. G. M. (2019). Daily job crafting and momentary work engagement: A self-determination and self- regulation perspective. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 112, 417–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.12.005
- Birkeland, I. K., & Buch, R. (2015). The dualistic model of passion for work: Discriminate and predictive validity with work engagement and workaholism. Motivation and Emotion, 39(3), 392–408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-014-9462-x
- Bosmans, M. W. G., Setti, I., Sommovigo, V., & van der Velden, P. G. (2019). Do Type D personality and job demands-resources predict emotional exhaustion and work engagement? A 3-wave prospective study. Personality and Individual Differences, 149, 167–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.05.053
- Campion, M. A. (1988). Interdisciplinary Approaches to Job Design: A Constructive Replication With Extensions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73(3), 467–480. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.73.3.467
- Caniëls, M. C. J., Semeijn, J. H., & Renders, I. H. M. (2018). Mind the mindset! The interaction of proactive personality, transformational leadership and growth mindset for engagement at work. Career Development International, 23(1), 48–66. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-11-2016-0194
- Chaudhary, R., & Akhouri, A. (2018). Linking corporate social responsibility attributions and creativity: Modeling work engagement as a mediator. Journal of Cleaner Production, 190, 809–821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.04.187
- Chen, H., Richard, O. C., Dorian Boncoeur, O., & Ford, D. L. (2020). Work engagement, emotional exhaustion, and counterproductive work behavior. Journal of Business Research, 114, 30–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.03.025
- Della Corte, V., Del Gaudio, G., Sepe, F., & Sciarelli, F. (2019). Sustainable tourism in the open innovation realm: A bibliometric analysis. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(21). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11216114
- Demerouti, E., Nachreiner, F., Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001a). The job demands- resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 499–512. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.499
- Dong, X., Lu, H., Wang, L., Zhang, Y., Chen, J., Li, B., Huang, X., Wan, Q., Dong, S., & Shang, S. (2020). The effects of job characteristics, organisational justice andwork engagement on nursing care quality in China: A mediated effects analysis. Journal of Nursing Management. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12957
- Drott, M. C. (1981). Bradford’s law: Theory, empiricism and the gaps between. Library Trends, 30(1), 41–52. https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/han dle/2142/7185/librarytrendsv30i1f_opt.pdf
- Dulara, S., & Sen, C. (2017). The Role of Job Characteristics, Job Crafting and Work Engagement on Job Performance: A Study on Service Industry. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 22(17), 36–42. https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-2207173642
- Gawke, J. C., Gorgievski, M. J., & Bakker, A. B. (2017). Employee intrapreneurship and work engagement: A latent change score approach. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 100, 88–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2017.03.002
- Gillet, N., Morin, A. J. S., Sandrin, E., & Houle, S. A. (2018). Investigating the combined effects of workaholism and work engagement: A substantive-methodological synergy of variable-centered and person-centered methodologies. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 109, 54–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.09.006
- Grant, A. M. (2007). Relational job design and the motivation to make a prosocial difference. Academy of Management Review, 32(2), 393–417. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2007.24351328
- Green, P. I., Finkel, E. J., Fitzsimons, G. M., & Gino, F. (2017). The energising nature of work engagement: Toward a new need-based theory of work motivation. In Research in Organizational Behavior 37, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riob.2017.10.007
- Grobelna, A. (2019). Effects of individual and job characteristics on hotel contact employees’ work engagement and their performance outcomes: A case study from Poland. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(1), 349–369. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-08-2017- 0501
- Guo, Y., Peng, Y., & Zhu, Y. (2022). How does empowering leadership motivate employee innovative behavior: A job characteristics perspective. Current Psychology, 1, 3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03000-6
- Hackman, J. R. (1980). Work redesign and motivation. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 11(3), 445–455. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.11.3.445
- Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1976). Motivation through the design of work: test of a theory. Organisational Behavior and Human Performance, 16(2), 250–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030- 5073(76)90016-7
- Han, S. H., Sung, M., & Suh, B. (2021). Linking meaningfulness to work outcomes through job characteristics and work engagement. Human Resource Development International, 24(1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2020.1744 999
- Hu, Q., Schaufeli, W. B., & Taris, T. W. (2011). The Job Demands-Resources model: An analysis of additive and joint effects of demands and resources. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(1), 181–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2010.12.009
- Idaszak, J. R., & Drasgow, F. (1987). A Revision of the Job Diagnostic Survey: Elimination of a Measurement Artifact. Journal of Applied Psychology, 72(1), 69–74. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.72.1.69
- Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692–724. https://doi.org/10.5465/256287
- Karasek, R. A. (1979). Job Demands, Job Decision Latitude, and Mental Strain: Implications for Job Redesign. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(2), 285. https://doi.org/10.2307/2392498
- Kaushal, N., Kaushik, N., & Sivathanu, B. (2021). Workplace ostracism in various organisations: a systematic review and bibliometric analysis. Management Review Quarterly, 71(4), 783–818. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-020-00200-x
- Knight, C., Patterson, M., & Dawson, J. (2017). Building work engagement: A systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the effectiveness of work engagement interventions. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 38(6), 792–812. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2167
- Kulik, C. T., Oldham, G. R., & Langner, P. H. (1988). Measurement of Job Characteristics: Comparison of the Original and the Revised Job Diagnostic Survey. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73(3), 462–466. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.73.3.462
- Kunie, K., Kawakami, N., Shimazu, A., Yonekura, Y., & Miyamoto, Y. (2017). The relationship between work engagement and psychological distress of hospital nurses and the perceived communication behaviors of their nurse managers: A cross-sectional survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 71, 115–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.03.011
- Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (2017). Burnout and engagement: Contributions to a new vision. Burnout Research, 5, 55–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2017.04.003
- Lysova, E. I., Allan, B. A., Dik, B. J., Duffy, R. D., & Steger, M. F. (2019). Fostering meaningful work in organisations: A multi-level review and integration. In Journal of Vocational Behavior 110, 374–389). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.07.004
- Maricuțoiu, L. P., Sulea, C., & Iancu, A. (2017). Work engagement or burnout: Which comes first? A meta-analysis of longitudinal evidence. In Burnout Research 5, 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2017.05.001
- Mérida-López, S., Bakker, A. B., & Extremera, N. (2019). How does emotional intelligence help teachers to stay engaged? Cross-validation of a moderated mediation model. Personality and Individual Differences, 151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.04.048
- Monje Amor, A., Xanthopoulou, D., Calvo, N., & Abeal Vázquez, J. P. (2021). Structural empowerment, psychological empowerment, and work engagement: A cross-country study. European Management Journal, 39(6), 779–789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2021.01.005
- Ogbuanya, T. C., & Chukwuedo, S. O. (2017). La relación entre job crafting y satisfacción en un programa de tecnologÃa eléctrica/electrónica: la importancia de la implicación y el compromiso. Revista de Psicologia Del Trabajo y de Las Organizaciones, 33(3), 165– 173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpto.2017.09.003
- Oldham, G. R., & Hackman, J. R. (2010). Not what it was and not what it will be: The future of job design research. In Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31(2–3), 463–479). https://doi.org/10.1002/job.678
- Othman, N., & Nasurdin, A. M. (2019). Job characteristics and staying engaged in work of nurses: Empirical evidence from Malaysia. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 6(4), 432–438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2019.09.010
- Park, S., Johnson, K. R., & Chaudhuri, S. (2019). Promoting work engagement in the hotel sector: review and analysis. In Management Research Review 42(8), (971–990). https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-03-2018-0126
- Parker, S. K. (2014). Beyond motivation: Job and work design for development, health, ambidexterity, and more. In Annual Review of Psychology 65(1), 661–691. Annual Reviews Inc. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115208
- Parker, S. K., Morgeson, F. P., & Johns, G. (2017). One hundred years of work design research: Looking back and looking forward. Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(3), 403–420. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000106
- Penconek, T., Tate, K., Bernardes, A., Lee, S., Micaroni, S. P. M., Balsanelli, A. P., de Moura, A. A., & Cummings, G. G. (2021). Determinants of nurse manager job satisfaction: A systematic review. In International Journal of Nursing Studies, 118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.103906
- Rai, A., Ghosh, P., Chauhan, R., & Mehta, N. K. (2017). Influence of job characteristics on engagement: does support at work act as moderator? International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 37(1–2), 86–105. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-10-2015-0106
- Raut, P. K., Das, J. R., Gochhayat, J., & Das, K. P. (2022). Influence of workforce agility on crisis management: Role of job characteristics and higher administrative support in public administration. Materials Today: Proceedings, 61, 647–652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.08.121
- Renn, R. W., & Vandenberg, R. J. (1995). The Critical Psychological States: An Underrepresented Component in Job Characteristics Model Research. Journal of Management, 21(2), 279–303. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639502100206
- Robertson, I. T., & Cooper, C. L. (2010). Full engagement: The integration of employee engagement and psychological well-being. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 31(4), 324–336. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731011043348
- Rudolph, C. W., Katz, I. M., Lavigne, K. N., & Zacher, H. (2017). Job crafting: A meta- analysis of relationships with individual differences, job characteristics, and work outcomes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 102, 112–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2017.05.008
- Santos, A., Chambel, M. J., & Castanheira, F. (2020). Well-being among hospital nurses: A cross-sectional study of the contributions of relational job characteristics. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103438
- Schaufeli, W. (2013). What is Engagement? In & E. S. In C. Truss, K. Alfes, R. Delbridge, A. Shantz (Ed.), Employee Engagement in Theory and Practice. Routledge.
- Schaufeli, W. B. (2017). Applying the Job Demands-Resources model: A ‘how to’ guide to measuring and tackling work engagement and burnout. Organizational Dynamics, 46(2), 120–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2017.04.008
- Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., Bakker, A. B., & Gonzales-Roma, V. (2002). The Measurement of Engagement and Burnout : A two sample confirmatory Factor Analytic Approach. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3, 71–92. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015630930326
- Schmid, Y., & Dowling, M. (2022). New work: New motivation? A comprehensive literature review on the impact of workplace technologies. Management Review Quarterly, 72(1), 59–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-020-00204-7
- Sen, C., & Dulara, S. (2017). Job Characteristics and Performance: The Mediating Role of Job Crafting. International Journal of Indian Psychology, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.25215/0501.068
- Smith, R. W., & DeNunzio, M. M. (2020). Examining personality—Job characteristic interactions in explaining work outcomes. Journal of Research in Personality, 84, 103884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2019.103884
- Sonnentag, S. (2017). A task-level perspective on work engagement: A new approach that helps to differentiate the concepts of engagement and burnout. Burnout Research, 5, 12–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2017.04.001
- Stegmann, S., Van Dick, R., Ullrich, J., Charalambous, J., Menzel, B., Egold, N., & Wu, T. T. C. (2010). The work design questionnaire - Introduction and validation of a German version. Zeitschrift Fur Arbeits- Und Organisationspsychologie, 54(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1026/0932-4089/a000002
- Tefera, C. A., & Hunsaker, W. D. (2020). Intangible assets and organisational citizenship behavior: A conceptual model. In Heliyon 6(7), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04497
- eng, H. Y., Cheng, L. Y., & Chen, C. Y. (2021). Does job passion enhance job embeddedness? A moderated mediation model of work engagement and abusive supervision. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 95, 102913. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.102913
- Tsaur, S. H., Hsu, F. S., & Lin, H. (2019). Workplace fun and work engagement in tourism and hospitality: The role of psychological capital. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 81, 131–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.03.016
- Van der Baan, N., Raemdonck, I., Bastiaens, E., & Beausaert, S. (2022). Employability competences of workers in health care and finance. The role of self-directed learning orientation and job characteristics. International Journal of Training and Development, 00, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijtd.12264
- Van der Heijden, B. I. J. M., Peeters, M. C. W., Le Blanc, P. M., & Van Breukelen, J. W. M. (2018). Job characteristics and experience as predictors of occupational turnover intention and occupational turnover in the European nursing sector. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 108, 108–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.06.008
- Verma, S., & Singh, V. (2022). Impact of artificial intelligence-enabled job characteristics and perceived substitution crisis on innovative work behavior of employees from high-tech firms. Computers in Human Behavior, 131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107215
- Wan, Q., Li, Z., Zhou, W., & Shang, S. (2018). Effects of work environment and job characteristics on the turnover intention of experienced nurses: The mediating role of work engagement. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 74(6), 1332–1341. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13528
- Woods, S. A., Wille, B., Wu, C. huei, Lievens, F., & De Fruyt, F. (2019). The influence of work on personality trait development: The demands-affordances TrAnsactional (DATA) model, an integrative review, and research agenda. In Journal of Vocational Behavior, 110, 258–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.11.010
- Wright, J., & Silva, N. Da. (2022). Job Characteristics and Job Engagement: A Two- Wave Study among Library Employees. Journal of Library Administration, 62(4), 465– 480. https://doi.org/10.1080/01930826.2022.2057127
- Yan, C. H., Ni, J. J., Chien, Y. Y., & Lo, C. F. (2021). Does workplace friendship promote or hinder hotel employees’ work engagement? The role of role ambiguity. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 46, 205–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.12.009
- Zacher, H., Kooij, D. T. A. M., & Beier, M. E. (2018). Active aging at work: Contributing factors and implications for organisations. In Organizational Dynamics, 47(1), 37–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2017.08.001
- Zahed-Babelan, A., Koulaei, G., Moeinikia, M., & Sharif, A. R. (2019). Instructional leadership effects on teachers’ work engagement: Roles of school culture, empowerment, and job characteristics. Center for Educational Policy Studies Journal, 9(3), 137–156. https://doi.org/10.26529/cepsj.181
Cite this article
-
APA : Gull, M., Ahmed, A., & Hassan, S. (2022). The Work Engagement and Job Characteristics: Systematic Review and Guidelines for Future Avenues. Global Social Sciences Review, VII(II), 387-402. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2022(VII-II).38
-
CHICAGO : Gull, Maryam, Aliya Ahmed, and Sobia Hassan. 2022. "The Work Engagement and Job Characteristics: Systematic Review and Guidelines for Future Avenues." Global Social Sciences Review, VII (II): 387-402 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2022(VII-II).38
-
HARVARD : GULL, M., AHMED, A. & HASSAN, S. 2022. The Work Engagement and Job Characteristics: Systematic Review and Guidelines for Future Avenues. Global Social Sciences Review, VII, 387-402.
-
MHRA : Gull, Maryam, Aliya Ahmed, and Sobia Hassan. 2022. "The Work Engagement and Job Characteristics: Systematic Review and Guidelines for Future Avenues." Global Social Sciences Review, VII: 387-402
-
MLA : Gull, Maryam, Aliya Ahmed, and Sobia Hassan. "The Work Engagement and Job Characteristics: Systematic Review and Guidelines for Future Avenues." Global Social Sciences Review, VII.II (2022): 387-402 Print.
-
OXFORD : Gull, Maryam, Ahmed, Aliya, and Hassan, Sobia (2022), "The Work Engagement and Job Characteristics: Systematic Review and Guidelines for Future Avenues", Global Social Sciences Review, VII (II), 387-402
-
TURABIAN : Gull, Maryam, Aliya Ahmed, and Sobia Hassan. "The Work Engagement and Job Characteristics: Systematic Review and Guidelines for Future Avenues." Global Social Sciences Review VII, no. II (2022): 387-402. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2022(VII-II).38