ARTICLE

COMPARISON OF SCHEMA MODES IN CLINICAL AND NONCLINICAL INDIVIDUALS A PRELIMINARY FINDING

  1. HOME
  2. ARTICLE

29 Pages : 304-311

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2020(V-II).29      10.31703/gssr.2020(V-II).29      Published : Jun 2

Comparison of Schema Modes in Clinical and Non-Clinical Individuals: A Preliminary Finding

Abstract

    This study compares the schema modes between the clinical and non-clinical individuals. A purposive convenient sampling technique was used for the data collection from one hundred and fifty healthy community volunteers, and sixty diagnosed psychiatric patients. The "Schema Mode Inventory (SMI)" was utilized for the mode assessment and group comparison. A series of independent sample t-test depicted that, the clinical group had a significantly higher score on ten out of twelve dysfunctional schema modes and significantly lesser score on both functional schema modes. Identically, Fisher's r-to-z transformation confirmed that the association between dysfunctional schema modes was significantly higher in clinical individuals in comparison to non-clinical individuals. Thus, the present study describes a tendency of individuals with psychiatric disorders to rely more on dysfunctional schema modes in comparison to non-clinical individuals. These findings strengthen the empirical provision of the "schema mode model" for the assessment and treatment of psychiatric disorders.

    Dysfunctional Modes, Healthy Modes, Fischer Transformation, Psychiatric Individuals, Schema Modes.

    (1) Meh Para Siddique
    PhD Scholar, National Institute of Psychology, Quaid i Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Rubina Hanif
    Associate Professor, National Institute of Psychology, Quaid i Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan.
Fulltext PDF

References

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author.
  • American Psychiatric Association. (, 2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: Author.
  • Arntz, A., Klokman, J., & Sieswerda, S. (2005). An experimental test of the schema mode model of borderline personality disorder. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 36(3), 226-239.
  • Bamber, M. (2004). 'The good, the bad and defenceless Jimmy' - a single case study of Schema Mode Therapy. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy: An International Journal of Theory & Practice, 11(6), 425-438.
  • Behary, W. T., & Dieckmann, E. (2013). Schema therapy for pathological narcissism: The art of adaptive reparenting. In J. S. Ogrodniczuk (Ed.), Understanding and treating pathological narcissism. 285-300. Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.
  • Bernstein, D. P., Arntz, A., & Vos, M. D. (2007). Schema focused therapy in forensic settings: Theoretical model and recommendations for best clinical practice. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 6(2), 169-183.
  • Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S. G., & Aiken, L. S. (2013). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. Routledge.
  • Dadomo, H., Grecucci, A., Giardini, I., Ugolini, E., Carmelita, A., and Panzeri, M. (2016). Schema Therapy for Emotional Dysregulation: Theoretical Implication and Clinical Application. Front. Psychol. 7:1987. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01987.
  • Edwards, D. J. (2017). An interpretative phenomenological analysis of schema modes in a single case of anorexia nervosa: Part 2. Coping modes, healthy adult mode, superordinate themes, and implications for research and practice. Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology, 17(1).
  • Farrell, J. M., Shaw, I., & Shaw, I. A. (2012). Group schema therapy for borderline personality disorder: A step-by-step treatment manual with patient workbook. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Fisher, R. A. (1915). Frequency distribution of the values of the correlation coefficient in samples from an indefinitely large population. Biometrika, 10(4), 507-521.
  • IBM (2016b). IBM SPSS statistics for windows (24 ed.), Armonk, NY: IBM
  • Jacob G. A., & Arntz A. (2013). Schema therapy for personality disorders - A review. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 6, 171-185. doi:10.1521/ijct.2013.6.2.171
  • Jacob, G., Van Genderen, H., & Seebauer, L. (2014). Breaking negative thinking patterns: A schema therapy self-help and support book. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Khalily, M. T., Wota, A. P., & Hallahan, B. (2011). Investigation of schema modes currently activated in patients with psychiatric disorders. Irish journal of psychological medicine, 28(2), 76-81.
  • Lobbestael, J., Van Vreeswijk, M. F., & Arntz, A. (2008). An empirical test of schema mode conceptualizations in personality disorders. Behaviour research and therapy, 46(7), 854-860.
  • Lobbestael, J., van Vreeswijk, M., & Arntz, A. (2007). Shedding light on schema modes: a clarification of the mode concept and its current research status. Netherlands journal of psychology, 63(3), 69-78.
  • Lobbestael, J., van Vreeswijk, M., Spinhoven, P., Schouten, E., & Arntz, A. (2010). Reliability and validity of the short Schema Mode Inventory (SMI). Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 38(4), 437-458.
  • Peled (2018). A Hierarchy of Confrontational Interventions Facing 8 Dysfunctional Parent Modes. Retrieved from https://www.schematherapysociety.org/Confrontational-Interventions.
  • Petrocelli, J. V., Glaser, B. A., Calhoun, G. B., & Campbell, L. F. (2001). Early maladaptive schemas of personality disorder subtypes. Journal of Personality Disorders, 15(6), 546-559.
  • Riaz, M. N., & Khalily, T. (2013). Translation, adaptation, and cross-language validation of short Schema Mode Inventory (SMI). Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 28(1), 51-64.
  • Siddique, M.P., Khalily, M.T., & Arouj, K. (2018). Exploration of Currently Activated Schema Modes among Individuals with Above Average Intellectual Ability. Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 8 (4), 57-66.
  • Simeone-DiFrancesco, C., Roediger, E., & Stevens, B. A. (2015). Schema therapy with couples: A practitioner's guide to healing relationships.: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Simpson, S. G., Pietrabissa, G., Rossi, A., Seychell, T., Manzoni, G. M., Munro, C., Nesci, J. B., & Castelnuovo, G. (2018). Factorial structure and preliminary validation of the Schema Mode Inventory for Eating Disorders (SMI-Ed). Frontiers in psychology, 9, 600.
  • Talbot, D., Smith, E., Tomkins, A., Brockman, R., & Simpson, S. (2015). Schema modes in eating disorders compared to a community sample. Journal of eating disorders, 3(1), 41-44.
  • Vassarstats.net., (2020). Two Correlation Coefficients. [online] Available at Retrieved on 10 March 2020. http://vassarstats.net/rdiff.html
  • Voderholzer, U., Schwartz, C., Thiel, N., Kuelz, A. K., Hartmann, A., Scheidt, C. E., & Zeeck, A. (2014). A comparison of schemas, schema modes and childhood traumas in obsessive-compulsive disorder, chronic pain disorder and eating disorders. Psychopathology, 47(1), 24-31.
  • Young, J. E., & Klosko, J. S. (1994). Reinventing Your Life: The Breakthrough Program to End Negative Behavior... and Feel Great Again. New York: Plume.
  • Young, J. E., Atkinson, T., Arntz, A., Engels, A. A., & Weishaar, M. (2005). The Young Atkinson mode inventory (YAMI-PM,1B). New York, NY: Schema Therapy Institute.
  • Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S., & Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema therapy: A practitioner's guide. Guilford press.
  • Zaman, S., & Khalily, M. T. (2016). Executive Functioning and Dysfunctional Schema Modes in Individuals with Frontal Lobe Lesion and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy; Mega Case Analysis. Journal of Psychology & Clinical Psychiatry, 5(1), 1-6

Cite this article

APA

    APA : Siddique, M. P., & Hanif, R. (2020). Comparison of Schema Modes in Clinical and Non-Clinical Individuals: A Preliminary Finding. Global Social Sciences Review, V(II), 304-311. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2020(V-II).29

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Siddique, Meh Para, and Rubina Hanif. 2020. "Comparison of Schema Modes in Clinical and Non-Clinical Individuals: A Preliminary Finding." Global Social Sciences Review, V (II): 304-311 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2020(V-II).29

HARVARD

    HARVARD : SIDDIQUE, M. P. & HANIF, R. 2020. Comparison of Schema Modes in Clinical and Non-Clinical Individuals: A Preliminary Finding. Global Social Sciences Review, V, 304-311.

MHRA

    MHRA : Siddique, Meh Para, and Rubina Hanif. 2020. "Comparison of Schema Modes in Clinical and Non-Clinical Individuals: A Preliminary Finding." Global Social Sciences Review, V: 304-311

MLA

    MLA : Siddique, Meh Para, and Rubina Hanif. "Comparison of Schema Modes in Clinical and Non-Clinical Individuals: A Preliminary Finding." Global Social Sciences Review, V.II (2020): 304-311 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Siddique, Meh Para and Hanif, Rubina (2020), "Comparison of Schema Modes in Clinical and Non-Clinical Individuals: A Preliminary Finding", Global Social Sciences Review, V (II), 304-311

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Siddique, Meh Para, and Rubina Hanif. "Comparison of Schema Modes in Clinical and Non-Clinical Individuals: A Preliminary Finding." Global Social Sciences Review V, no. II (2020): 304-311. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2020(V-II).29