Learning Engagement in Mathematics: A Test of an Active Learning Model
This experimental study explored the effect of the 4WsHs active learning model on learning engagement in mathematics classes. The research design used for conducting this study was true experimental research design (pre-test post-test equivalent group design). A sample comprising 190 students selected from two public sector schools was divided into experimental and control groups using a matched random sampling technique. The newly developed active learning model was used as treatment for an experimental group while the same contents of mathematics were taught to the control group using a traditional method. After practice of three months, learning engagement of both groups was measured using a classroom observation checklist. The analyzed data revealed a significant superiority of students belonging to the experimental group over their counterparts in learning engagement. Hence, the newly developed active learning model proved to be effective for developing learning engagement among students.
-
Learning Engagement, Active Learning, Secondary School Students, Mathematics Class, Teaching Mathematics
-
(1) Syed Iftikhar Hussain Shah
Ph.D Scholar, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
(2) Muhammad Iqbal Majoka
Associate Professor,Department of Education,Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
(3) Shaista Irshad Khan
Secretary, Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE) Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan.
- Achen, M.R & Lumpkin, A. (2015). Evaluating Classroom Time through Systematic
- Adams S, & Burns, M. (1999). Connecting Student Learning and Technology, Retrievedon19/07/2014from http:/www.southsentralrtec.org/products/cslt.html.
- Al-shammari, M., & Mashi . (2012). Strategy on Active Learning , Trainer is An Expert in Natural Science Curriculum , First Edition 2012.
- Amirali, M & Halai, A. (2010). Teachers' knowledge about the nature of mathematics: A Survey of secondary school teachers in Karachi, Pakistan. Bulletin of Education and Research, 32 (2), 45-61.
- Analysis and Student Feedback. International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning. 9(4). Retrieved on August 18, 2016 from https://doi.org/10.20429/ijsotl.2015.090204
- Biggs, J. & Tang, C. (2011) Teaching for Quality Learning at University: What the Student Does, 4th ed. Maidenhead: The Society for Research into Higher Education. Open University Press
- Bonwell, C. & Eison, J. (1991). Active learning: Creating excitement in the classroom, ASHEERIC Higher Education Report No. 1. Washington, DC: The George Washington University, School of Education and Higher Education.
- Bressoud, D. (2016) Report on the MAA National Study of College Calculus. PowerPoint presentation at the Chicago Symposium Series, February 5, 2016.Availableat http://www.macalester.edu/~bressoud/talks/2016/ChicagoSymposium.pdf
- CBMS, (2016). Background to Active Learning in Post-Secondary Mathematics Education. Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences. 1529 Eighteenth Street NW, Washington DC 20036. Retrieved on Jan 12, 2017 from www.cbmsweb.org
- Center for Educational Leadership (2012). 5D Teacher Evaluation Rubric, College of Education, University of Washington. Retrieved from on 12-03-2014. www.k-12leadership.org.com
- Coates, H.C. & Ainley, J. (2007) Graduate Course Experience, 2006: The Report of the Course Experience Questionnaire (CEQ). Parkville, Victoria, Australia: GCA.
- Collins, J. W., & O'Brien, N. P. (3rd Eds.).(2003). Greenwood Dictionary of Education. Westport, CT: Greenwood.
- Cothran, D. J. & Ennis, C. D. (2000). Building bridges to student engagement: Communicating respect and care for students in urban high schools. Journal of Research and Development in Education, 33(4), 106-117.
- Curtin, E. (2005). Instructional styles used by regular classroom teachers while teaching recently mainstreamed ESL students: Six urban middle school teachers in Texas share their experiences and perceptions
- Dalrymple, R., Kemp, C. & Smith, P. (2014) Characterizing work-based learning as a triadic learning endeavour. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 38 (1) 75-89
- Davies, L & Yamashita, H (2007). School Councils: School Improvement. School Councils UK. Retrieved on August 13, 2016 from www.schoolcouncils.org/scuk_content/training_and_resources/Resources/Research and reports/S chool Councils - School Improvement/
- Dewey, J. (1902). The child and the curriculum. Retrieved on Sep 12, 2015 from: http://books.google.com/books.
- Dunleavy, J. & Milton, P. (2009). What did you do in school today? Exploring the concept of Student Engagement and its implications for Teaching and Learning in Canada. Toronto: Canadian Education Association.
- Eggen, P. & Kauchak, D. (2001). Educational psychology: Windows on Classrooms. Fifth Edition. Educational Psychology. New Jersey: Merrill Prentice Hall.
- Evans, C. (2015a) Exploring the use of a deep approach to learning with students in the process of learning to teach. In: Gijbels, D., Donche, V., Richardson, J.T.E and Vermunt, J. Learning patterns in higher education. Dimensions and research perspectives. London and New York: Routledge, pp. 187-213.
- Feden, P. & Vogel, R. (2003). Methods of Teaching: Applying Cognitive Science to Promote Student Learning, McGraw Hill Higher Education.
- Fletcher, A. (2005). Meaningful Student Involvement: Guide to students as partners in school change. Soundout www.soundout.org/MSIGuide.pdf
- Fredricks, J.A, Blumenfeld, P.C & Paris, A.H. (2004). School Engagement: Potential of the Concept, State of the Evidence. Review of Educational Research.
- Freeman, S., Eddy, S., McDonough, M., Smith, M., Okoroafor, N., Jordt, H., & Wenderoth, M. (2014). Active learning increases student performance in science, engineering, and mathematics Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 111 (23) 8410-8415 http://www.pnas.org/content/111/23/8410.abstract
- Government of Pakistan (2009). National education policy. Ministry of Education, Islamabad
- Grouws, D. A. & Cebulla, K. J. (2000). Improving student achievement in mathematics. UNESCO, IBE: Geneva. Retrieve on August 2015 form http://www.ibe.unesco.org.
- Harris, L. R. (2008). A Phenomeno graphic Investigation of Teacher Conceptions of Student Engagement in Learning. The Australian Educational Researcher, 5(1), 57-79.
- Harris, L. R. (2008). A Phenomeno graphic Investigation of Teacher Conceptions of Student Engagement in Learning. The Australian Educational Researcher, 5(1), 57-79.
- Huitt, T.W., Killins, A. & Brooks, W.S. (2015) Team-Based learning in the gross anatomy laboratory improves academic performance and students' attitudes toward teamwork [online]. Anatomical Sciences Education, 8 (2) 95-103. Retrieved on 26 November 2015 from: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ase.1460/pdf
- Johnson, D.W. & Johnson, R.T. (2009). An educational psychology success story: Social interdependence theory and cooperative learning. Educational Researcher, 38(5): 365-79.
- Kuh, G.D., Kinzie, J., Buckley, J.A., Bridges, B.K. & Hayek, J.C. (2007). Piecing Together the Student Success Puzzle: Research, Propositions, and Recommendations. ASHE Higher Education Report.
- Leonard, J. & Martin, D. B. (Eds.). (2013). The brilliance of Black children in mathematics: Beyond the numbers and toward new discourse. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishers.
- Ma, X. (1999). A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship between Anxiety Toward Mathematics and Achievement in Mathematics. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 30(5): 520-540.
- Macfarlane, B. (2015) Freedom to learn: the threat to student academic freedom and how it can be reclaimed. Abingdon: Routledge.
- Malik, S., & Janjua, F. (2011). International Journal of Academic Research, 963-967.
- Marks, H.M. (2000). Student engagement in instructional activity: Patterns in the elementary, middle and high school years. American Educational Research Journal, 37 (1), 153-84.
- Mocinic, SN. (2012). Active Teaching Strategies in Higher Education Metodickiobzori. 7 (2): 97-105
- Nedelsky, L. (1954). Absolute grading standards for objective tests. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 14, 3-19.
- Okereke, S. C. (2006). Effect of prior knowledge of implementing of mathematical tasks/concepts to career types and gender on students' achievement, interest and retention. In U. Nzewi (Ed) STAN Proceedings of the 47th Annual Conference, 253-259.
- Schlechty, P. (2001). Shaking up the school house: How to support and sustain educational innovation: San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Shah, I. H. (2016). A Study to Develop and Test Active Learning Model for Teaching Mathematics at Secondary Level. Un published Ph.D. thesis. Hazara University Mansehra, KP, Pakistan.
- Stahl, N., Simpson, M., & Hayes, C. (1992).Ten recommendations from research for teaching high-risk students. Journal of Developmental Education, 16(1), 2-10.
- Teo, R. & Wong, A. (2000),
- Trowler, V., & Trowler, P.(2010). Student engagement literature review. Retrieved: 10, May 2014 from http://www.heacademy.ac.uk /assets/documents/studentengagement/StudentEngagement LiteratureReview.pdf
- Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Waring, M. and Evans, C. (2015). Understanding pedagogy: developing a critical approach to teaching and learning. Abingdon: Routledge.
- Weimer, M. (2002). Learner-Centered Teaching: Five Keys Changes to Practice. USA: Jossey-Boss.
- WHO & UNICEF. (2009). WHO child growth standard and the identification of sever acute malnutrition in infant and children. WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Apia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
- Willms, J. D. (2003). Student Engagement at School: A Sense of Belonging and Participation. Results from PISA 2000. Paris: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Accessed October 27, 2010 from http://www.unb.ca/crisp/pdf/0306.pdf
- Wlodkowski, R. & Ginsberg, M.B. (1995). Diversity and motivation: Culturally responsive teaching. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Cite this article
-
APA : Shah, S. I. H., Majoka, M. I., & Khan, S. I. (2019). Learning Engagement in Mathematics: A Test of an Active Learning Model. Global Social Sciences Review, IV(II), 143-150. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-II).19
-
CHICAGO : Shah, Syed Iftikhar Hussain, Muhammad Iqbal Majoka, and Shaista Irshad Khan. 2019. "Learning Engagement in Mathematics: A Test of an Active Learning Model." Global Social Sciences Review, IV (II): 143-150 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-II).19
-
HARVARD : SHAH, S. I. H., MAJOKA, M. I. & KHAN, S. I. 2019. Learning Engagement in Mathematics: A Test of an Active Learning Model. Global Social Sciences Review, IV, 143-150.
-
MHRA : Shah, Syed Iftikhar Hussain, Muhammad Iqbal Majoka, and Shaista Irshad Khan. 2019. "Learning Engagement in Mathematics: A Test of an Active Learning Model." Global Social Sciences Review, IV: 143-150
-
MLA : Shah, Syed Iftikhar Hussain, Muhammad Iqbal Majoka, and Shaista Irshad Khan. "Learning Engagement in Mathematics: A Test of an Active Learning Model." Global Social Sciences Review, IV.II (2019): 143-150 Print.
-
OXFORD : Shah, Syed Iftikhar Hussain, Majoka, Muhammad Iqbal, and Khan, Shaista Irshad (2019), "Learning Engagement in Mathematics: A Test of an Active Learning Model", Global Social Sciences Review, IV (II), 143-150
-
TURABIAN : Shah, Syed Iftikhar Hussain, Muhammad Iqbal Majoka, and Shaista Irshad Khan. "Learning Engagement in Mathematics: A Test of an Active Learning Model." Global Social Sciences Review IV, no. II (2019): 143-150. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-II).19