REVISITING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MILITARY EXPENDITURE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN PAKISTAN

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2017(II-I).02      10.31703/gssr.2017(II-I).02      Published : Jun 2017
Authored by : WaqarQureshi , NoorPioKhan

02 Pages : 18-46

References

  • Reddy. S, Shahbaz. M & Rzaz. A (2016). Dynamics of Military expenditure and income inequality in Pakistan. Journal of Social Indicator Research 131(03), 1035-1055.
  • Azam. M & Feng Yi (2015). Military expenditure and external debt? Evidence from Asia. Journal of Defense and Peace Economics 1-18.
  • Aizenman, J. and Glick, R. (2006). Military expenditure, threats, and growth. Journal of, 15(2), 129-155.
  • Aizenman, J. and Glick, R. (2006). Military expenditure, threats, and growth,,. Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 15,, 129-155.
  • Anwar, M. A., Rafique, Z., & Joiya, S. A. (2012). Defense Spending-Economic Growth Nexus: A Case Study of Pakistan. Pakistan Economic and Social Review, vol. 50(2), 163-182.
  • Aschauer, D. (1989). Is government spending productive? Journal of Monetary Economics, 23,, 177-200.
  • Barro, R. (1990). Government Spending in a simple Model of Endogenous Growth. Journal of Political Economy, 98, , 103-125.
  • Barro, R. J. (1990). Government spending in a simple model of endogeneous growth. Journal of Political Economy, vol. 98, 103-25
  • Benoit, E. (1978). Growth and defense in developing countries, Economic Development and Cultural Change. vol. 26, 271 -80.
  • Chawla, Shalini. (2001). Pakistan's military spending: Socio-economic dimensions. Strategic Analysis. vol. 25(5), 703-716.
  • Chen, C. H. (1993). Causality between defence spending and economic growth: the case of Mainland China. Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 20, 37- 43.
  • Chester, E. (1978). Military spending and capitalist stability,. Cambridge Journal of Economics,, 2,, 293-298.
  • Chowdhury, A. R. (1991). A causal analysis of defence spending and economic growth,. Journal of Conflict Resolution,, 35, , 80-97.
  • Cuaresma, J. C. and Reitschuler, G. (2006). Guns or butter?' revisited: robustness and nonlinearity issues in the defence-growth nexus,. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 53, , 523-542.
  • Deger, S. (1990). Military Expenditure. The Political Economy ofInternational Security.
  • Deger, S. and Sen, S. (1995). Military expenditure and developing countries, in K. Hartley, and T. Sandler. Handbook ofDefence Economics: , Elsevier, Amsterdam,, Vol. 1, pp. 275-307.
  • Diebold, F., et al. (1994). Regime switching with time-varying transition probabilities.
  • Dimitraki, O. and Menla Ali, F. (2013). The long-run causal relationship between military spending and economic growth in China: revisited. Defence and Peace Economics.
  • Dunne, J. Paul, Eftychia Nikolaidou & Ron P. Smith. (1999). Arms Race Models and Econometric Applications. mimeo Middlesex University Business School.
  • Faini, Ricardo, Patricia Annez, and Lance Taylor . (1984). Defence Spending Economic Structure, and Growth: Evidence Among Countries and Over Time. Economic Development and Cultural Change
  • Filardo, A. J. (1994). Business-cycle phases and their transitional dynamics,. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, vol. 12, 299-308.
  • Frederiksen, P.C. and Looney, R. (1983). Defense Expenditures and Economic Growth in Developing Countries. Armed Forces and Society, 633-645.
  • Galvin, H. (2013). The impact of defence spending on the economic growth of developing countries: A cross-section study. Defence and Feace Economics, vol.41(1), 51 -59.
  • Gerace, M. P. (2002). US military expenditures and economic growth: some evidence from spectral methods,. Defence and Peace Economics,, 13, , 1- 11.
  • Glomm G. and Ravikumar B. (1997). Productive government expenditure and long run growth. . Journal of Economics Dynamics and Control, 21, 183- 204.
  • Hamilton, J. D. (1989). A new approach to the economic analysis of nonstationary time series and the business cycle. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 357-384.
  • Haseeb, M., Abu, BNA., Azam, M., Hartani, NH., and Hassan, S. (2014). The macroeconomic impact of defense expenditure on economic growth of Pakistan: an econometric approach. Asian Social Science 10 (4), 203-213
  • Heo, U. (1998). Modelling the defence-growth relationship around the globe,. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 42, , 637-657.
  • Heo, U. (1999). Defence spending and economic growth in South Korea: the indirect link. Journal of Peace Research,, 36, , 699-708.
  • Hollist, W. L. (1997). Alternative explanations of competitive arms processes: Tests on four pairs of nations. American Journal of Political Science, vol. 21(2), pp.313-340.
  • Hooker, M. and Knetter M. (1997). Unemployment effects of military spending: evidence from a panel of states, ,,. Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, 29, 400-421.

Cite this article

    APA : Qureshi, W., & Khan, N. P. (2017). Revisiting the Relationship between Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in Pakistan. Global Social Sciences Review, II(I), 18-46. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2017(II-I).02
    CHICAGO : Qureshi, Waqar, and Noor Pio Khan. 2017. "Revisiting the Relationship between Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review, II (I): 18-46 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2017(II-I).02
    HARVARD : QURESHI, W. & KHAN, N. P. 2017. Revisiting the Relationship between Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in Pakistan. Global Social Sciences Review, II, 18-46.
    MHRA : Qureshi, Waqar, and Noor Pio Khan. 2017. "Revisiting the Relationship between Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review, II: 18-46
    MLA : Qureshi, Waqar, and Noor Pio Khan. "Revisiting the Relationship between Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review, II.I (2017): 18-46 Print.
    OXFORD : Qureshi, Waqar and Khan, Noor Pio (2017), "Revisiting the Relationship between Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in Pakistan", Global Social Sciences Review, II (I), 18-46
    TURABIAN : Qureshi, Waqar, and Noor Pio Khan. "Revisiting the Relationship between Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review II, no. I (2017): 18-46. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2017(II-I).02