ARTICLE

ASSESSMENT OF AGRICULTURAL PERFORMANCE OF DISTRICTS OF PUNJAB BASED ON COMPOSITE AGRICULTURAL INDICATORS USING GREY RELATIONAL ANALYSIS

16 Pages : 158-172

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2021(VI-I).16      10.31703/gssr.2021(VI-I).16      Published : Mar 1

Assessment of Agricultural Performance of Districts of Punjab Based On Composite Agricultural Indicators Using Grey Relational Analysis

    The province of Punjab is considered the breadbasket of Pakistan. This study is aimed to evaluate and hierarchicalize the districts of Punjab based on agricultural indicators. It follows a ranking approach that uses secondary cross-sectional data obtained from Punjab Development Statistics 2016. This study has employed Grey System Theory and used GRA. It is a seminal study that uses a unique methodology that has integrated thirteen different indicators of agricultural development in one mathematical model and assigned a distinct composite grade to every district. Findings revealed that district Bahawalpur and Bahawalnagar have the highest Grey Relational Grade (GRG), hence depict the best agricultural performance in Punjab, whereas district Mianwali has the lowest GRG and accordingly least performance. This research provides insight to the policymakers, which will help them to take corrective measures and/or adjust the agricultural development policies

    Agricultural Indicators, Districts, GRA, Punjab, Sustainability
    (1) Tehmina Fiaz Qazi
    Assistant Professor, Hailey College of Banking and Finance, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (2) Abdul Aziz Khan Niazi
    Assistant Professor, Institute of Business and Management, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (3) Abdul Basit
    Academic Head (Business Administration), Lahore Institute of Science & Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
  • Alcantud, J. C. R. (2018). Fuzzy techniques for decision making. Symmetry, 10(1). doi:10.3390/sym10010006.
  • Ali, A., Abdulai, A., & Rahut, D. B. (2017). Farmers' Access to Markets: The Case of Cotton in Pakistan. Asian Economic Journal, 31(2), 211-232.
  • Ali, H., Ali, H., Faridi, Z., & Ali, H. (2013). Production and forecasting trends of cotton in Pakistan: An analytical view. Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, 3(12), 97-101.
  • Ali, M., Marvuglia, A., Geng, Y., Robins, D., Pan, H., Song, X. & Sun, H. (2019). Accounting emergy-based sustainability of crops production in India and Pakistan over first decade of the 21st century. Journal of Cleaner Production, 207, 111-122.
  • Amanullah, H., Marwat, K. B., Shah, P., Maula, N., & Arifullah, S. (2009). Nitrogen levels and its time of application influence leaf area, height and biomass of maize planted at low and high density. Pak. J. Bot, 41(2), 761-768.
  • Amanullah, Khalid, S., Imran, Khan, H. A., Arif, M., Altawaha, A. R., Adnan, M., Fahad, S., & Parmar, B. (2019). Organic Matter Management in Cereals Based System: Symbiosis for Improving Crop Productivity and Soil Health. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3- 030-26265-5_3
  • Anastasia, C., & Wim, H. (2017). Composite indicators and sustainable development of regional agriculture applied to the Stavropol Territory in Russia. APSTRACT: Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce, 11(1033-2018-2956), 81-88.
  • Araya, A., Prasad, P. V. V., Gowda, P., Sharda, V., Rice, C., & Ciampitti, I. (2021). Evaluating optimal irrigation strategies for maize in Western Kansas. Agricultural Water Management, 246, 106677.
  • Aslam, M. (2016). Agricultural productivity current scenario, constraints and future prospects in Pakistan. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 32(4), 289-303.
  • Bijarniya, D., Parihar, C. M., Jat, R. K., Kalvania, K., Kakraliya, S. K., & Jat, M. L. (2020). Portfolios of Climate Smart Agriculture Practices in Smallholder Rice-Wheat System of Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains Crop Productivity, Resource Use Efficiency and Environmental Foot Prints. Agronomy, 10(10), 1561.
  • Borrelli, P., Paustian, K., Panagos, P., Jones, A., Schütt, B., & Lugato, E. (2016). Effect of Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions on erosion and soil organic carbon balance: A national case study. Land Use Policy, 50(October), 408-421.
  • Byerlee, D., de Janvry, A., & Sadoulet, E. (2009). Agriculture for Development: Toward a New Paradigm. Annual Review of Resource Economics, 1(1), 15-31.
  • Cao, X., Mengyang, W., Rui, S., Zhuo, L., Dan, C., Guangcheng, S., Xiangping, G., Wang, W., & Shuhai, T. (2017). Water footprint assessment for crop production based on field measurements: A case study of irrigated paddy rice in East China. Science of the Total Environment, 610-611, 84-93.
  • Chen, C.-N., & Ting, S.-C. (2002). A study using the grey system theory to evaluate the importance of various service quality factors. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 19, 838-861.
  • Deng, Z. (1982). Fuzzy pseudo-metric spaces. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 86(1), 74-95.
  • DoÄŸan, M. (2013). Does firm size affect the firm profitability? Evidence from Turkey. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 4(4), 53-59.
  • Ertugrul, I., & Prof, A. (2016). Grey Relational Analysis Approach In Academic Performance Comparison Of University: A Case Study Of Turkish Universities. European Scientific Journal, 12(10), 128- 139.
  • Fahad, S., Bajwa, A. A., Nazir, U., Anjum, S. A., Farooq, A., Zohaib, A., & Huang, J. (2017). Crop production under drought and heat stress: plant responses and management options. Frontiers in plant science, 8, 1147.
  • Faruqui, N. I. (2004). Responding to the water crisis in Pakistan. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 20(2), 177- 192.
  • Gangwar, B., & Prasad, K. (2005). Cropping system management for mitigation of second-generation problems in agriculture. Indian journal of agricultural science, 75(2), 65-78.
  • Gezici, F., & Hewings, G. J. (2004). Regional convergence and the economic performance of peripheral areas in Turkey. Review of Urban & Regional Development Studies, 16(2), 113-132.
  • Godfray, H. C. J., Beddington, J. R., Crute, I. R., Haddad, L., Lawrence, D., Muir, J. F., Pretty, J., Robinson, S., Thomas, S. M., & Toulmin, C. (2010). Food security: The challenge of feeding 9 billion people. Science, 327(5967), 812-818.
  • Govt. of Pakistan, (2015). Economic Survey of Pakistan, Federal Bureau of Statistics, Islamabad, Pakistan.
  • Govt. of Pakistan, (2017). Economic Survey of Pakistan, Federal Bureau of Statistics, Islamabad, Pakistan.
  • Hamzaçebi, C., & Pekkaya, M. (2011). Determining of stock investments with grey relational analysis. Expert Systems with Applications, 38(8), 9186-9195.
  • Hussain, M., Shah, S., Hussain, S., & Iqbal, K. (2002). Growth, yield and quality response of three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties to different levels of N, P and K. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 4(3), 362-364.
  • Hussain, S., Peng, S., Fahad, S., Khaliq, A., Huang, J., Cui, K., & Nie, L. (2015). Rice management interventions to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions: a review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22(5), 3342-3360.
  • Jalota, S. K., Jain, A. K., & Vashisht, B. B. (2018). Minimize water deficit in wheat crop to ameliorate groundwater decline in ricewheat cropping system. Agricultural Water Management, 208, 261-267.
  • Ju-Long, D. (1982). Control problems of grey systems. Systems & Control Letters, 1(5), 288-294. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S016 7-6911(82)80025-X
  • Kamal, M., & Moghal, S. M. (1968). Studies on plant diseases of South West Pakistan. Studies on plant diseases of South West Pakistan.
  • Kao, P., & Hocheng, H. (2003). Optimization of electrochemical polishing of stainless steel by grey relational analysis. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 140, 255- 259.
  • Keesstra, S., Pereira, P., Novara, A., Brevik, E. C., Azorin-Molina, C., Parras-Alcántara, L., ... & Cerdà, A. (2016). Effects of soil management techniques on soil water erosion in apricot orchards. Science of the Total Environment, 551, 357-366.
  • Khan, M. B., & Khaliq, A. (2005). Production of winter cereals as relay crops by surface seeding in cotton based cropping system. Journal of Research (Science), 16(2), 79-86.
  • Kirby, M., Mainuddin, M., Khaliq, T., & Cheema, M. J. M. (2017). Agricultural production, water use and food availability in Pakistan: Historical trends, and projections to 2050. Agricultural Water Management, 179, 34-46.
  • Kuo, Y., Yang, T., & Huang, G. W. (2008). The use of grey relational analysis in solving multiple attribute decision-making problems. Computers and Industrial Engineering, 55(1), 80-93.
  • Ladha, J. K. (2003). How extensive are yield declines in log-term rice-wheat experiments in Asia. Addressing resource conservation issues in rice-wheat systems of South Asia (No. 338.154 ADD. CIMMYT.).
  • Latruffe, L., Diazabakana, A., Bockstaller, C., Desjeux, Y., Finn, J., Kelly, E., & Uthes, S. (2016). Measurement of sustainability in agriculture: a review of indicators. Studies in Agricultural Economics, 118(3), 123-130.
  • Lewis, K. (2017). Understanding climate as a driver of food insecurity in Ethiopia. Climatic Change, 144(2), 317-328.
  • Liu, S., & Lin, Y. (2010). Introduction to grey systems theory. Understanding Complex Systems, 68, 1-399.
  • MaraÅŸlıoÄŸlu, F., Gönülol, A., & BektaÅŸ, S. (2017). Assessment of Water Quality in Mert Stream (Samsun, Turkey) Base on Some Physicochemical Parameters. International Ecology Symposium , September. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/ 320563914 _Assessment_of_Water_Quality_in_Mert_S tream_Samsun_Turkey_Base_on_Some_Ph ysicochemical_Parameters
  • Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, Federal Bureau of Statistics, Government of Pakistan, Econ. Surv. Pak. 2014-15, 2015.
  • Niazi, A. A. K., Qazi, T. F., & Basit, A. (2021). Evaluating Unemployment through Grey Incidence Analysis Model: A Study of One Hundred Thirteen Selected Countries. Global Regional Review, 6(1), 23-35.
  • Radziszewska, A. (2018). Quality Assessment of E-Commerce Service in the Context of Customer Expiriences. Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering, 1(1), 635-640.
  • Rehman, A., Chandio, A. A., Hussain, I., & Jingdong, L. (2017). Fertilizer consumption, water availability and credit distribution: Major factors affecting agricultural productivity in Pakistan. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 18(3), 269-274.
  • Rehman, A., Jingdong, L., Khatoon, R., Hussain, I., & Iqbal, M. S. (2016). Modern agricultural technology adoption its importance, role and usage for the improvement of agriculture. Life Science Journal, 14(2), 70- 74.
  • Shepperd, M., & MacDonell, S. (2012). Evaluating prediction systems in software project estimation. Information and Software Technology, 54(8), 820-827
  • Smale, M., Reynolds, M. P., Warburton, M., Skovmand, B., Trethowan, R., Singh, R. P., Ortiz-Monasterio, I., & Crossa, J. (2002). Dimensions of diversity in modern spring bread wheat in developing countries from 1965. Crop Science, 42(6), 1766-1779.
  • Talukder, B., W Hipel, K., & W vanLoon, G. (2017). Developing composite indicators for agricultural sustainability assessment: Effect of normalization and aggregation techniques. Resources, 6(4), 66.
  • Tanveer, M., Anjum, S. A., Hussain, S., Cerdà, A., & Ashraf, U. (2017). Relay cropping as a sustainable approach: problems and opportunities for sustainable crop production. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(8), 6973-6988
  • Tayyar, N., Akcanlı, F., Genç, E., & Erem, I. (2014). Evaluating the financial performance of companies operating in the field of informatics and technology registered in BIST by analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and gray relational analysis (TIA) method. Accounting and Finance Journal, 61, 19-40.
  • Trukhachev, V. I., Kostyukova, E. I., Gromov, E. I., & Gerasimov, A. N. (2014). Comprehensive socio-ecological and economic assessment of the status and development of Southern Russia agricultural regions. Life Science Journal, 11(5), 478-482.
  • Tsai, C.-H., Chang, C.-L., & Chen, L. (2003). Applying Grey Relational Analysis to the Vendor Evaluation Model. International Journal of the Computer, the Internet and Management, 11(3).
  • Uckun, F. M., Ma, H., Zhang, J., Ozer, Z., Dovat, S., Mao, C., ... & Qazi, S. (2012). Serine phosphorylation by SYK is critical for nuclear localization and transcription factor function of Ikaros. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(44), 18072-18077.
  • Watto, M. A., & Mugera, A. (2014). Measuring efficiency of cotton cultivation in Pakistan: a restricted production frontier study. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 94(14), 3038-3045.
  • Wu, C.-R., Lin, C.-T., & Tsai, P.-H. (2010). Evaluating Business Performance of Wealth Management Banks. European Journal of Operational Research, 207, 971-979.
  • Wu, H. H. (2002). A comparative study of using grey relational analysis in multiple attribute decision making problems. Quality Engineering, 15(2), 209-217.
  • Xuerui, T., & Yuguang, L. (2004). Using grey relational analysis to analyze the medical data. Kybernetes, 33, 355-362.
  • Yang, C.-C., & Chen, B.-S. (2006). Supplier selection using combined analytical hierarchy process and grey relational analysis. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 17, 926-941.
  • Yang, P., Li, K., Shi, S., Xia, J., Guo, R., Li, S., & Wang, L. (2005). Impacts of transgenic Bt cotton and integrated pest management education on smallholder cotton farmers. International Journal of Pest Management, 51(4), 231-244.
  • Yu, B., Zhang, J., & Fujiwara, A. (2011). Representing in-home and out-of-home energy consumption behavior in Beijing. Energy Policy, 39, 4168-4177.

Cite this article

    APA : Qazi, T. F., Niazi, A. A. K., & Basit, A. (2021). Assessment of Agricultural Performance of Districts of Punjab Based On Composite Agricultural Indicators Using Grey Relational Analysis. Global Social Sciences Review, VI(I), 158-172. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2021(VI-I).16
    CHICAGO : Qazi, Tehmina Fiaz, Abdul Aziz Khan Niazi, and Abdul Basit. 2021. "Assessment of Agricultural Performance of Districts of Punjab Based On Composite Agricultural Indicators Using Grey Relational Analysis." Global Social Sciences Review, VI (I): 158-172 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2021(VI-I).16
    HARVARD : QAZI, T. F., NIAZI, A. A. K. & BASIT, A. 2021. Assessment of Agricultural Performance of Districts of Punjab Based On Composite Agricultural Indicators Using Grey Relational Analysis. Global Social Sciences Review, VI, 158-172.
    MHRA : Qazi, Tehmina Fiaz, Abdul Aziz Khan Niazi, and Abdul Basit. 2021. "Assessment of Agricultural Performance of Districts of Punjab Based On Composite Agricultural Indicators Using Grey Relational Analysis." Global Social Sciences Review, VI: 158-172
    MLA : Qazi, Tehmina Fiaz, Abdul Aziz Khan Niazi, and Abdul Basit. "Assessment of Agricultural Performance of Districts of Punjab Based On Composite Agricultural Indicators Using Grey Relational Analysis." Global Social Sciences Review, VI.I (2021): 158-172 Print.
    OXFORD : Qazi, Tehmina Fiaz, Niazi, Abdul Aziz Khan, and Basit, Abdul (2021), "Assessment of Agricultural Performance of Districts of Punjab Based On Composite Agricultural Indicators Using Grey Relational Analysis", Global Social Sciences Review, VI (I), 158-172
    TURABIAN : Qazi, Tehmina Fiaz, Abdul Aziz Khan Niazi, and Abdul Basit. "Assessment of Agricultural Performance of Districts of Punjab Based On Composite Agricultural Indicators Using Grey Relational Analysis." Global Social Sciences Review VI, no. I (2021): 158-172. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2021(VI-I).16