THE EFFECT OF MACHIAVELLIANISM NARCISSISM AND PSYCHOPATHY ON DEPRESSION

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2021(VI-I).12      10.31703/gssr.2021(VI-I).12      Published : Mar 1
Authored by : Birah Khalid , Beenish Malik , Nagina Gul

12 Pages : 106-119

References

  • Amazon's mechanical Turk. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 8, 26-34.
  • Ames, M., & Kidd, A. H. (1979). Machiavellianism and womens grade point average. Psychological Reports, 44, 223- 228.
  • Arasli, H. (2002). Diagnosing whether northern Cyprus hotels are ready for TQM: an empirical analysis, Total quality management Excellence, 13(3), 347-364
  • Back, M. D., Küfner, A. C. P., Dufner, M., Gerlach, T. M., Rauthmann, J. F., & Denissen, J. J. A. (2013). Narcissistic admiration and rivalry: Disentangling the bright and dark sides of narcissism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 105, 1013-1037.
  • Barnett, M. A., & Thompson, S. (1985). The role of perspective taking and empathy in childrens Machiavellianism, prosocial behaviour and motive for helping. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 146, 295-305
  • Belmore, M. F., & Quinsey, V. L. (1994). Correlates of Psychopathy in a noninstitutionalized sample. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 9, 339-349.
  • Bereczkei, T. Birkas, B., & Kerekes, Z. (2009). The presence ofothers, prosocial traits,
  • Blaxter, L. (2010). How to Research. Buckingham: Open University Press. U.K.: McGraw-Hill Education
  • Board, B. J., & Fritzon, K. (2005). Disordered personalities at work. Psychology, Crime and Law, 11, 17-32
  • Buckels, E. E., Trapnell, P. D., & Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Trolls just want to have fun. Personality and Individual Differences, 67, 97-102.
  • Chegeni, R., & Atari, M. (2016). Validation of a short four-factor measure of Psychopathy among Iranian university students. Rooyesh-eRavanshenasi Journal, 4, 105- 112.
  • Cherulnik, P. D., Way, J. H., Ames, S., & Hutto, D. B. (1981). Impressions of high and low Machiavellian men. Journal of Personality, 49(4), 388-400.
  • Christie, R., & Geis, F. L. (1970). Studies in Machiavellianism. New York: Academic Press.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. . (2013). Research methods in education. . Routledge.
  • Denscombe, M. (2014). The good research guide: for small-scale social research projects. New York,NY: McGraw-Hill Education
  • Dörnyei, Z. (2007). Research methods in applied linguistics. New York: Oxford University Press
  • Durrheim, K., & Tredoux, C. (2004). Numbers, hypotheses & conclusions: A course in statistics for the social sciences. Juta and Company Ltd.
  • Fehr, B., Samsom, D., & Paulhus, D.L. (1992). The Construct of Machiavellianism: Twenty Years Later. In: C.D. Spielberger & J.N. Butcher (Eds.). Advances in personality assessment 7, pp. 77-116). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Fekadu N, Shibeshi W, Engidawork E (2017) Major Depressive Disorder: Pathophysiology and Clinical Management. J Depress Anxiety 6: 255. doi:10.4172/2167- 1044.100025
  • Freud, S. (1914). On narcissism: an introduction. In Complete psychological works (pp. 30- 59). London: Hogarth Press.
  • FREUD, S. (1917) 'Mourning and melancholia'. S.E. 14: 237-58.
  • Freud, S. (1931/1959) Libidinal Types, In J. Strachey (Ed.) Collected Papers, Vol 5, Chapter XXIII. Hogarth Press Ltd: London.
  • Glenn, A. L., & Sellbom, M. (2015). Theoretical and empirical concerns regarding the dark Triad as a construct. Journal of Personality Disorders, 29, 360-377.
  • Hare RD (2003) The Hare Psychopathy Checklist - Revised (2nd ed.). Toronto, ON: MultiHealth Systems.
  • Hare, R. D. (1999). Without conscience: The disturbing world of the psychopaths among us. New York: Guilford
  • Horney, K. (1939/1966) New ways in psychoanalysis. W.H. Norton & Company: New York.
  • Ishikawa, S. S., Raine, A., Lencz, T., Bihrle, S., & Lacasse,L.(2001). Autonomicstressreactivityandexecutivefun ctionsinsuccessfulandunsuccessfulcriminal psychopaths from the community. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 110(3), 423-432.
  • Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2009). Machiavellianism. In M. R. Leary & R. H. Doyle (Eds.), Handbook of individual differences in social behavior (pp. 93-108). New York, NY: Guilford.
  • Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2011). The role of impulsivity in the dark Triad of personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 51, 679-682
  • Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2017). Duplicity among the dark Triad: Three faces of deceit. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 113, 329-342.
  • Jones, D.N., & Paulhus, D.L. (2014). Introducing the Short Dark Triad (SD3): A brief-measure of dark personality traits. Assessment, 21, 28-41.
  • Kohut, H. (1977). The restoration of the self. New York: International Universities Press
  • Kraemer, K. L. (1991). Introduction. Paper presented at The Information Systems Research Challenge: Survey Research Methods
  • LeCompte, M. D., & Schensul, J. J. (1999). Analyzing & interpreting ethnographic data. Rowman Altamira
  • Levenson, M. R. (1992). Rethinking Psychopathy. Theory and Psychology, 2, 51-71.
  • LOWREY, L. G. (I944), 'Personality and the Behaviour Disorders, 2, 794, Ed. Hunt, Ronald Press
  • Machiavelli, N. (1981). The prince. New York: Bantam (Original work published 1513)
  • Machiavellianism: A personality x situation approach. Manuscript submitted for publication.
  • Miller, J. D., Crowe, M., Weiss, B., Maples-Keller, J. L., & Lynam, D. R. (2017). Using online, crowdsourcing platforms for data collection in personality disorder research: The example of
  • Miller, J. D., Dir, A., Gentile, B., Wilson, L., Pryor, L. R., & Campbell, W. K. (2011). Searching for vulnerable dark Triad: Comparing factor 2 psychopathy, vulnerable narcissism, and borderline personality disorder. Journal of Personality, 78, 1529-1564
  • Miller, J. D., Hyatt, C. S., Maples-Keller, J. L., Carter, N. T., & Lynam, D. R. (2017). Psychopathy and Machiavellianism: A distinction without a difference? Journal of Personality, 85, 439-453
  • Neal, T. M. S., & Sellbom, M. (2012). Examining the factor structure of the hare self-report psychopathy scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 94, 244-253
  • Paal, T., & Bereczkei, T. (2007). Adult theory of mind, cooperation, Machiavellianism: The effect of mindreading on social relations. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 541-551.
  • Paulhus, D. (1998). Interpersonal and intrapsychic adaptiveness of trait selfenhancement: A mixed blessing? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1197-1208
  • Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Toward a taxonomy of dark personalities. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 23, 421-426.
  • Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. M. (2002). The dark Triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and Psychopathy. Journal of research in personality, 36(6), 556-563.
  • Pichot, P. (1978). Psychopathic behavior: a historical review. In R.D. Hare & D.S. Schalling (eds.), Psychopathic Behavior: Approaches to Research. Chichester: Wiley
  • Raskin, R., & Terry, H. (1988). A principalcomponents analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and further evidence of its construct validity. Journal of personality and social psychology, 54(5), 890.
  • Rauthmann, J. F., & Will, T. (2011). Proposing a multidimensional Machiavellianism conceptualization. Social Behavior and Personality, 39, 391-404Reich, W. (1933/1972). Character Analysis, 3rd ed. New York: Farrar, Straus, & Giroux, Inc
  • Ross, S. R., Lutz, C. J., & Bailley, S. E. (2004). Psychopathy and the five-factor model in a noninstitutionalized sample: a domain and facet level analysis. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26, 213-223.
  • S. K. & Given Lisa M. (2008). Convenience Sample. In the SAGE Encyclopedia of Qualitative Research Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
  • Salant, P., & Dillman, D. A. (1994). How to conduct your own survey. New York: John Wiley and Sons
  • Saunder, M., Thorn, H. A., & Lewis, P. (2007). Research Methods for business student 4th Edition.
  • Saunders, M., Lewis, P., Thornhill, A. (2009) Research Methods for Business Students, 5th edition, Prentice Hall
  • Saunders, M., Philip Lewis, Adrian Thornhill. (2000). Research Methods for business student. Pearson Education Limited: England.
  • Schindler, P. S, & Cooper, D. R. (2011). Business Research Methods. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • Shrivastva T.N. and Rogo Shailaja, (1958), Business Research Methodology, New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill Private Limited
  • Visser, B. A., Pozzebon, J. A., & Reina-Tamayo, A. M. (2014). Status-driven risk taking: Another Bdark^ personality? Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 46, 485- 496.
  • Wilson, D.S., Near, D., & Miller, R.R. (1996). Machiavellianism: A Synthesis of the Evolutionary and Psychological Literatures. Psychological Bulletin, 119, 2, 285-299.
  • Wilson, J. (2010). Essentials of Business Research: A Guide to Doing Your Research Project. SAGE Publications.
  • Amazon's mechanical Turk. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 8, 26-34.
  • Ames, M., & Kidd, A. H. (1979). Machiavellianism and womens grade point average. Psychological Reports, 44, 223- 228.
  • Arasli, H. (2002). Diagnosing whether northern Cyprus hotels are ready for TQM: an empirical analysis, Total quality management Excellence, 13(3), 347-364
  • Back, M. D., Küfner, A. C. P., Dufner, M., Gerlach, T. M., Rauthmann, J. F., & Denissen, J. J. A. (2013). Narcissistic admiration and rivalry: Disentangling the bright and dark sides of narcissism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 105, 1013-1037.
  • Barnett, M. A., & Thompson, S. (1985). The role of perspective taking and empathy in childrens Machiavellianism, prosocial behaviour and motive for helping. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 146, 295-305
  • Belmore, M. F., & Quinsey, V. L. (1994). Correlates of Psychopathy in a noninstitutionalized sample. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 9, 339-349.
  • Bereczkei, T. Birkas, B., & Kerekes, Z. (2009). The presence ofothers, prosocial traits,
  • Blaxter, L. (2010). How to Research. Buckingham: Open University Press. U.K.: McGraw-Hill Education
  • Board, B. J., & Fritzon, K. (2005). Disordered personalities at work. Psychology, Crime and Law, 11, 17-32
  • Buckels, E. E., Trapnell, P. D., & Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Trolls just want to have fun. Personality and Individual Differences, 67, 97-102.
  • Chegeni, R., & Atari, M. (2016). Validation of a short four-factor measure of Psychopathy among Iranian university students. Rooyesh-eRavanshenasi Journal, 4, 105- 112.
  • Cherulnik, P. D., Way, J. H., Ames, S., & Hutto, D. B. (1981). Impressions of high and low Machiavellian men. Journal of Personality, 49(4), 388-400.
  • Christie, R., & Geis, F. L. (1970). Studies in Machiavellianism. New York: Academic Press.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. . (2013). Research methods in education. . Routledge.
  • Denscombe, M. (2014). The good research guide: for small-scale social research projects. New York,NY: McGraw-Hill Education
  • Dörnyei, Z. (2007). Research methods in applied linguistics. New York: Oxford University Press
  • Durrheim, K., & Tredoux, C. (2004). Numbers, hypotheses & conclusions: A course in statistics for the social sciences. Juta and Company Ltd.
  • Fehr, B., Samsom, D., & Paulhus, D.L. (1992). The Construct of Machiavellianism: Twenty Years Later. In: C.D. Spielberger & J.N. Butcher (Eds.). Advances in personality assessment 7, pp. 77-116). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Fekadu N, Shibeshi W, Engidawork E (2017) Major Depressive Disorder: Pathophysiology and Clinical Management. J Depress Anxiety 6: 255. doi:10.4172/2167- 1044.100025
  • Freud, S. (1914). On narcissism: an introduction. In Complete psychological works (pp. 30- 59). London: Hogarth Press.
  • FREUD, S. (1917) 'Mourning and melancholia'. S.E. 14: 237-58.
  • Freud, S. (1931/1959) Libidinal Types, In J. Strachey (Ed.) Collected Papers, Vol 5, Chapter XXIII. Hogarth Press Ltd: London.
  • Glenn, A. L., & Sellbom, M. (2015). Theoretical and empirical concerns regarding the dark Triad as a construct. Journal of Personality Disorders, 29, 360-377.
  • Hare RD (2003) The Hare Psychopathy Checklist - Revised (2nd ed.). Toronto, ON: MultiHealth Systems.
  • Hare, R. D. (1999). Without conscience: The disturbing world of the psychopaths among us. New York: Guilford
  • Horney, K. (1939/1966) New ways in psychoanalysis. W.H. Norton & Company: New York.
  • Ishikawa, S. S., Raine, A., Lencz, T., Bihrle, S., & Lacasse,L.(2001). Autonomicstressreactivityandexecutivefun ctionsinsuccessfulandunsuccessfulcriminal psychopaths from the community. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 110(3), 423-432.
  • Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2009). Machiavellianism. In M. R. Leary & R. H. Doyle (Eds.), Handbook of individual differences in social behavior (pp. 93-108). New York, NY: Guilford.
  • Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2011). The role of impulsivity in the dark Triad of personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 51, 679-682
  • Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2017). Duplicity among the dark Triad: Three faces of deceit. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 113, 329-342.
  • Jones, D.N., & Paulhus, D.L. (2014). Introducing the Short Dark Triad (SD3): A brief-measure of dark personality traits. Assessment, 21, 28-41.
  • Kohut, H. (1977). The restoration of the self. New York: International Universities Press
  • Kraemer, K. L. (1991). Introduction. Paper presented at The Information Systems Research Challenge: Survey Research Methods
  • LeCompte, M. D., & Schensul, J. J. (1999). Analyzing & interpreting ethnographic data. Rowman Altamira
  • Levenson, M. R. (1992). Rethinking Psychopathy. Theory and Psychology, 2, 51-71.
  • LOWREY, L. G. (I944), 'Personality and the Behaviour Disorders, 2, 794, Ed. Hunt, Ronald Press
  • Machiavelli, N. (1981). The prince. New York: Bantam (Original work published 1513)
  • Machiavellianism: A personality x situation approach. Manuscript submitted for publication.
  • Miller, J. D., Crowe, M., Weiss, B., Maples-Keller, J. L., & Lynam, D. R. (2017). Using online, crowdsourcing platforms for data collection in personality disorder research: The example of
  • Miller, J. D., Dir, A., Gentile, B., Wilson, L., Pryor, L. R., & Campbell, W. K. (2011). Searching for vulnerable dark Triad: Comparing factor 2 psychopathy, vulnerable narcissism, and borderline personality disorder. Journal of Personality, 78, 1529-1564
  • Miller, J. D., Hyatt, C. S., Maples-Keller, J. L., Carter, N. T., & Lynam, D. R. (2017). Psychopathy and Machiavellianism: A distinction without a difference? Journal of Personality, 85, 439-453
  • Neal, T. M. S., & Sellbom, M. (2012). Examining the factor structure of the hare self-report psychopathy scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 94, 244-253
  • Paal, T., & Bereczkei, T. (2007). Adult theory of mind, cooperation, Machiavellianism: The effect of mindreading on social relations. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 541-551.
  • Paulhus, D. (1998). Interpersonal and intrapsychic adaptiveness of trait selfenhancement: A mixed blessing? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1197-1208
  • Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Toward a taxonomy of dark personalities. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 23, 421-426.
  • Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. M. (2002). The dark Triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and Psychopathy. Journal of research in personality, 36(6), 556-563.
  • Pichot, P. (1978). Psychopathic behavior: a historical review. In R.D. Hare & D.S. Schalling (eds.), Psychopathic Behavior: Approaches to Research. Chichester: Wiley
  • Raskin, R., & Terry, H. (1988). A principalcomponents analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and further evidence of its construct validity. Journal of personality and social psychology, 54(5), 890.
  • Rauthmann, J. F., & Will, T. (2011). Proposing a multidimensional Machiavellianism conceptualization. Social Behavior and Personality, 39, 391-404Reich, W. (1933/1972). Character Analysis, 3rd ed. New York: Farrar, Straus, & Giroux, Inc
  • Ross, S. R., Lutz, C. J., & Bailley, S. E. (2004). Psychopathy and the five-factor model in a noninstitutionalized sample: a domain and facet level analysis. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26, 213-223.
  • S. K. & Given Lisa M. (2008). Convenience Sample. In the SAGE Encyclopedia of Qualitative Research Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
  • Salant, P., & Dillman, D. A. (1994). How to conduct your own survey. New York: John Wiley and Sons
  • Saunder, M., Thorn, H. A., & Lewis, P. (2007). Research Methods for business student 4th Edition.
  • Saunders, M., Lewis, P., Thornhill, A. (2009) Research Methods for Business Students, 5th edition, Prentice Hall
  • Saunders, M., Philip Lewis, Adrian Thornhill. (2000). Research Methods for business student. Pearson Education Limited: England.
  • Schindler, P. S, & Cooper, D. R. (2011). Business Research Methods. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • Shrivastva T.N. and Rogo Shailaja, (1958), Business Research Methodology, New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill Private Limited
  • Visser, B. A., Pozzebon, J. A., & Reina-Tamayo, A. M. (2014). Status-driven risk taking: Another Bdark^ personality? Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 46, 485- 496.
  • Wilson, D.S., Near, D., & Miller, R.R. (1996). Machiavellianism: A Synthesis of the Evolutionary and Psychological Literatures. Psychological Bulletin, 119, 2, 285-299.
  • Wilson, J. (2010). Essentials of Business Research: A Guide to Doing Your Research Project. SAGE Publications.

Cite this article

    CHICAGO : Khalid, Birah, Beenish Malik, and Nagina Gul. 2021. "The Effect of Machiavellianism, Narcissism and Psychopathy on Depression." Global Social Sciences Review, VI (I): 106-119 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2021(VI-I).12
    HARVARD : KHALID, B., MALIK, B. & GUL, N. 2021. The Effect of Machiavellianism, Narcissism and Psychopathy on Depression. Global Social Sciences Review, VI, 106-119.
    MHRA : Khalid, Birah, Beenish Malik, and Nagina Gul. 2021. "The Effect of Machiavellianism, Narcissism and Psychopathy on Depression." Global Social Sciences Review, VI: 106-119
    MLA : Khalid, Birah, Beenish Malik, and Nagina Gul. "The Effect of Machiavellianism, Narcissism and Psychopathy on Depression." Global Social Sciences Review, VI.I (2021): 106-119 Print.
    OXFORD : Khalid, Birah, Malik, Beenish, and Gul, Nagina (2021), "The Effect of Machiavellianism, Narcissism and Psychopathy on Depression", Global Social Sciences Review, VI (I), 106-119
    TURABIAN : Khalid, Birah, Beenish Malik, and Nagina Gul. "The Effect of Machiavellianism, Narcissism and Psychopathy on Depression." Global Social Sciences Review VI, no. I (2021): 106-119. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2021(VI-I).12