Abstract

Organized sports are popular around the globe as a way of entertainment for the spectators as well as a lucrative career for the athletes and sportsmen and sportswomen. However, the number of athletes in Pakistan is comparatively less. This study is carried out to establish the reasons of a smaller number of people opting for sports as career generally and cricket specially. Motivation is a force which prompts an individual to act accordingly for the achievement of set objectives. Participation in sports can be enhanced by encouraging young men and women. Motivation can be created through provision of basic facilities as well as considering other psychological factors. Impact of infrastructure, coaching facilities, remuneration and other psychological factor on the interest of cricketers is explored to suggest ways to create a conducive environment to enhance the participation of cricketers in Balochistan, Pakistan.

Key Words

Infrastructure, Coaching, Financial Incentive, Domestic Cricket, Selection Criteria

Introduction

According to Chinese Collective Consumer Electronic and Home Appliance Company (CCCHAC, 1948) HAIER Pakistan presently sponsors domestic cricket in Pakistan. The National One-Day Game, Fysal Bank T-20 Cup Patron's Trophy, Pakistan Super League T-20, Quaid-I-Azam Trophy, and Pentangular Trophy make up Pakistan's most significant domestic cricket competition. A leading organization that aims to develop and promote cricket in Pakistan is the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB). The aforementioned competitions throughout the country must also be planned and executed by the board.

Engaging in sports fosters social, intellectual or psychological, intellectual, emotional, and physical development, which is a highly powerful source of overall development in all aspects of one's life. The growth of every nation on the planet is greatly influenced by sports; say (Agarwal and Lal, 2002). The author continued by saying that sports may be regarded as a way to raise standards of living across the board. According to Davis (2002), sporting activities are seen to be a very successful way to teach participants a variety of desired traits, especially young people.

The right facilities, equipment, coaching, and infrastructure are essential for every sports program. Athletic programs are difficult to conduct on time without these amenities. Sports coaching have been proven to be highly useful in reaching coveted performance in sports, according to Lyle and John's study "Sports Coaching Concept" from 2002. The study also claims that if players have the right coaching and training, they would perform better. Similarly to this, however according to Zia ul Islam (2014), a lack of resources, space, and facilities combined with the disinterest of sports administrators obstruct participation in sports. Howell and Denis (2014) saw the availability of suitable facilities and other prerequisites necessary for the efficient conduct of sports as a requirement. The study came to the additional conclusion that administrations are held accountable for the advancement and relegation of sports in their particular regions.

There is no denying that economics is a major driving force behind playing cricket, and the pay disparity results in differences in motivation that might compromise a player's performance. Yet, the reasons why people play cricket vary depending on the individual and cannot be confined to just one incentive. Totter-Dell and Peter (1999) came to the conclusion in their research study that without a program sports programs cannot be run successfully and efficiently. The achievement of specified goals is also aided by interest, which is a crucial aspect. The participant's interest can be piqued, enabling them to engage in sports with great passion and behavior. There is broad agreement about the connections between athletic facilities and athletes' interests (Scottish Executive, 20014; Smith, 2003 Bailey et al., 2008). Sports programs are allegedly quite well-equipped with practically all of the needs anywhere in the world. Unfortunately, sports program is not given enough attention in our nation. Athletes' interest in and engagement in sports, particularly cricket, may be affected by a variety of factors (Dagkas and Stathi, 2007).

The researcher himself is a physical education and sports lecturer and works in PCB as a match referee, who also continues to play. He has coached and mentored several college, district, and university athletes while simultaneously maintaining his status as a player. Regarding the appropriate availability of sporting facilities, such as infrastructure, equipment, and financial incentives, the researcher encountered several challenges throughout this time. The existing new stadiums and their effects on athletes' interest, motivation, and involvement were stressed in the current study. The study's scope was limited to Balochistan, Pakistan's local cricket players.

Objectives of the Study

1. To evaluate the domestic infrastructure that is currently in place for Balochistan domestic cricket players.

2. To assess athletes' engagement, interest, and motivation in Balochistan's domestic cricket.

3. To assess how domestic infrastructure affects athletes' interest, drive, and engagement in domestic cricket.

4. To assess the variations in how domestic infrastructure affects athletes' interest, motivation, and involvement in domestic cricket across different areas (Quetta, and Dera Murad Jamlli).

5. To determine how the First Class, Grade-2, and Under-19 levels differ in terms of how domestic infrastructure affects players' motivation, interest, and involvement in domestic cricket.

The Study's Significance

It has been shown that sports programs require a suitable setting where people may engage with ease. This study has proven to be important since it looks at how sporting facilities affect players who play domestic cricket in the Balochistan region's local leagues in terms of interest, drive, and involvement. It is undeniable that government agencies are in charge of promoting sports. The purpose of this research is to provide the necessary information for the relevant authorities to take appropriate action to advance domestic cricket.

Hypotheses for Research

The following research questions were developed

for this specific study.

1. The enthusiasm, drive, and involvement of athletes in Balochistan's national cricket tournament are significantly impacted by the state of the country's sports infrastructure.

2. The current financial incentives have a considerable influence on the interest, motivation, and engagement of sportsmen in domestic cricket in Balochistan.

3. The interest, desire, and engagement of athletes in domestic cricket in Balochistan are significantly impacted by in-practice selection criteria.

4. The influence of domestic infrastructure on athletes' interest, motivation, and involvement in sports at domestic cricket varies significantly between areas (Quetta, Dera Murad Jamlli).

5. There are notable variations among levels (First Class, Grade-2, and Under-19) in terms of how domestic infrastructure affects athletes' motivation, engagement, and involvement in domestic cricket activities.

Framework for Concepts



Research Methodology

While conducting a particular study successfully, the researcher must adhere to a set of rules known as a research methodology (Baskerville and Wood-Harper, 2016). The researcher has taken the following techniques intending to arrive thethe intention of arriving at certain results and conclusions using the evidence gathered and the data evaluated.




Research Design

The researcher conducted descriptive survey research design. The location of the study was central regions i.e., Quetta, and Dera Murad Jamlli. These regions were chosen as the area of study because the researcher has remained a cricket player and participated from Quetta region.




Descriptive Survey Research Design

The descriptive survey is probably the most commonly used research design used in social sciences. The major goal of descriptive research, according to the author, is to characterize what characterizes typical regarding the topic being investigated. Concerning relation to domestic cricket in Balochistan, the study's goal was to examine the current sports infrastructure and how it affects athletes' interests, desires, and engagement in sports.

Population of the Study

All male domestic cricket players from both regions of Balochistan, province of Pakistan made up the study's population.




Sample and Sampling Procedure

The consists of the Two (02) regions. The sample size was obtained using stratified random sampling procedure. The regions in the Balochistan were stratified into three strata; Quetta and Dera Murad Jamali. 852 cricketers are registered domestically as of 2015, according to Pakistan Cricket Board. If there are as many players in each region as; Quetta (510), Dera Murad Jamali (342) A proportion of 50% of athletes from each of the region was then selected using simple random sampling. According to (Hinton, 2005) a proportion of 20% sample size is acceptable in surveys. As a result, a representative sample of players (50 percent from each region) was taken.

Table 1

Showing the Description of Sample

S. No	Region	Population overall	Half Sample
1.	Quetta	510	255
2.	Dera Murad Jamali	342	171
	Total Population	852	426

Tools for Data Collection

In order to get the necessary data, a survey with pertinent questionnaires created with the help of the study supervisor and relevant literature was set up and used for data collection. Two questionnaires were utilized in this investigation to collect the required information. The specifications are as follows;




Assessment of Domestic Infrastructure Questionnaire (ADIQ)

The domestic infrastructure questionnaire has twenty-four (24), split into three parts. The sub-portions included criteria for selection, evaluation of domestic infrastructure (09 items), and financial incentives (08 things) (07 items)




Athlete’s Interest, Motivation and Participation Questionnaire (AIMPQ)

The second study surveyed athletes' motivation, interest, and involvement. According to the circumstances in the researcher's target locations, the questionnaire was constructed.







Collection of data Process

The researcher provided a brief explanation of the approach for completing the questions before handing out the forms. To order collect the necessary data, the researcher devised a survey for concerned undergraduates (the players who participated in domestic-level cricket). The final questionnaire was given to the participants via deep ties, then collected and filled out by respondents. 




Research of the Ethics

The Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Education officially approved the researcher's plan to conduct a survey, and copies of this letter were distributed to the regional offices. 




Data of the Analyses

Using the right statistical methods during data analysis aids the researcher in conducting an effective and insightful study of the data they have gathered. A statistical tool for social sciences was used to organize, code, and analyze the acquired data (SPSS). The following methods were used to analyze the data: percentage, mean score, Chi-Square, ANOVA, and Independent Sample t-Test.

Table 2

Frequency of responses regarding existing sports infrastructure for athletes at domestic cricket in Balochistan

S. No	Statement	ESF	SF	UD	NSF	ENS	Total
1.	The domestic cricket is of importance to the government.	25 (5%)	30 (6%)	91 (21%)	120 (28%)	160 (37%)	426
2.	The standards of playfields provided are of (national/international) level.	10 (2%)	20 (4%)	90 (21%)	80 (18%)	226 (53%)	426
3.	The availability of sports gear at playfields	35 (8%)	33 (7%)	27 (6%)	175 (41%)	156 (13%)	426
4.	The transportation for the player movement is	22 (5%)	08 (1%)	59 (13%)	110 (25%)	227 (29%)	426
5.	Proper training facilities for the players	19 (4%)	13 (3%)	90 (21%)	80 (18%)	224 (52%)	426
6.	Proper coaching facilities for the players	122 (28%)	120 (28%)	80 (18%)	78 (18)	26 (6%)	426
7.	Accommodation facility for the players	124 (29%)	180 (42%)	26 (6%)	70 (16%)	26 (6%)	426
8.	Access to appropriate playing fields for various sports, such as wooden courts for basketball, volleyball, or tables for table tennis, etc.	122 (28%)	120 (28%)	80 (18%)	78 (18)	26 (6%)	426
9.	Skillful and proper utilization of available infrastructure	10 (2%)	20 (4%)	90 (21%)	128 (30%)	178 (41%)	426
TOTAL		489 (12%)	544 (14%)	633 (16%)	919 (23%)	1249 (32%)	3,834 (100%)

Mode of responses regarding existing sports infrastructure for athletes at domestic cricket in Balochistan



Responses of cricket players were gathered through nine (9) questions related to existing sports infrastructure for athletes at domestic cricket in Balochistan. Majority of the respondents were found having dissatisfaction with sports infrastructure for athletes at domestic cricket. Table 2 presents the outcomes. Based on data analysis, the mode of the data shows that the interest of the authorities’ in the domestic cricket is extremely not satisfied (160 > 120, 91, 30 & 25). Majority of the respondents perceived that the offered playfield standards are highly unsatisfactory national/international level, (226 > 80, 90, 20 & 10). Major portion of the population were not satisfied about the availability of sports gear at playfields. The mode of the data depict that availability of sports gear at playfields is not satisfied (175 > 156, 27, 33 & 35).

The transportation for the players’ movement is perceived as extremely not satisfied by majority of respondents. According to the analyzed data, mode of the data shows that 29% cricket players marked with extremely not satisfied regarding transportation for the player movement during matches (227 > 110, 59, 8 & 22). Similarly, mode of the data illustrates that vast number of respondents showed dissatisfaction about the provision of proper training facilities for the players (224 > 80, 90, 13 & 19).

 Proper coaching facilities and accommodation facility for the players were considered extremely satisfied by majority of respondents (122 > 120, 80, 78 & 26) and (124 > 180, 26, 70 & 26). It was the viewpoint of majority of respondents that access to appropriate playing fields for various sports, such as wooden courts for basketball, volleyball, or tables for table tennis, etc is extremely satisfied (122 > 120, 80, 78 & 26). Skillful and proper utilization of available infrastructure were perceived extremely not satisfied by majority of respondents (178 > 128, 90, 20 & 10).

Table 3

Frequency of responses regarding existing financial incentives for athletes at domestic cricket in Balochistan

S. No	Statement	ESF	SF	UD	NSF	ENS	Total
1.	Availability of infrastructure to attract business community towards sport	20 (4%)	22 (6%)	38 (37%)	120 (28%)	226 (53%)	426
2.	Involvement of business community in the promotion of sports	10 (2%)	20 (4%)	90 (21%)	80 (18%)	226 (53%)	426
3.	During the days spent participating in the tournament, the authorities will pay a daily stipend.	122 (28%)	120 (28%)	80 (18%)	78 (18)	26 (6%)	426
4.	The match fee is paid by the authority for each match played in addition to the daily allowance.	22 (5%)	08 (1%)	59 (13%)	110 (25%)	227 (29%)	426
5.	The authority pays the camp fee or compensation for participation in the competition-related training camp.	22 (5%)	08 (1%)	59 (13%)	110 (25%)	227 (29%)	426
6.	During the game, the authority will pay for beverages.	10 (2%)	20 (4%)	90 (21%)	80 (18%)	226 (53%)	426
7.	The authority makes arrangements or pays for the lunch during the tournament.	10 (2%)	20 (4%)	90 (21%)	80 (18%)	226 (53%)	426
8.	Payment or provision of a player's own kitbag or backpack (including clothing, footwear, etc.)	78 (18%)	26 (6%)	80 (18%)	122 (28%)	120 (28%)	426
TOTAL		294 (8%)	244 (7%)	586 (17%)	780 (22%)	1504 (44%)	3408 (100%)

Mode of responses regarding prevailing financial incentives for athletes at domestic cricket in Balochistan

Impact of Domestic Infrastructure upon Athlete’s Interest, Motivation and Participation in Sport: A Case Study of Domestic Cricket Balochistan



Responses of cricket players were outlined through eight (8) questions related to prevailing financial incentives for athletes at domestic cricket in Balochistan. The findings are displayed in Table. The data has been analyzed and reveals that the majority of those polled were found to be severely dissatisfied with availability of infrastructure to attract business community towards sport (226 > 120, 38, 22 & 20). Majority of the respondents showed extremely dissatisfaction regarding involvement of business community in the promotion of sports (226 > 80, 90, 20 & 10).

Surprisingly, this views of major portion of the population were extremely satisfied about the during the days spent participating in the tournament, the authorities will pay a daily stipend. The mode of the data is as (122 > 120, 80, 78 & 26).

Payment of Match fee in addition to the match fee is paid by the authority for each match played in addition to the daily allowance and the authority pays the camp fee or compensation for participation in the competition-related training camp were assessed by similar responses. In this regard, major portion were having extreme dissatisfaction like (227 > 110, 59, 08 & 22) and (227 > 110, 59, 08 & 22) respectively.

Similar responses were obtained regarding during the game, the authority will pay for beverages and the authority makes arrangements or pays for the lunch during the tournament and most of respondents market extremely not satisfied (226 > 80, 90, 20 & 10) and (226 > 80, 90, 20 & 10) respectively. 

Majority of respondents 28% viewed that Payment or provision of a player's own kitbag or backpack (including clothing, footwear, etc.) is not satisfied as the mode of the data shows that (122 > 120, 80, 26 & 78).

Table 4

Frequency of responses regarding in-practice selection criteria for athletes at domestic cricket in Balochistan

S. No	Statement	ESF	SF	UD	NSF	ENS	Total
1.	Whether sports related personnel are included in the selection process.	25 (5%)	30 (6%)	160 (37%)	120 (28%)	91 (21%)	426
2.	If the selectors are chosen based on their expertise in a particular talent or their professional qualities	10 (2%)	20 (4%)	90 (21%)	80 (18%)	226 (53%)	426
3.	If the selectors are chosen based on their experience in sports	35 (8%)	33 (7%)	27 (6%)	175 (41%)	156 (13%)	426
4.	Whether the selectors are nominated on political affiliation basis	10 (2%)	20 (4%)	90 (21%)	80 (18%)	226 (53%)	426
5.	Whether players are selected on the basis of merit.	10 (2%)	20 (4%)	90 (21%)	65 (15%)	241 (56%)	426
6.	If the selection of players for domestic cricket involves nepotism or favoritism.	10 (2%)	20 (4%)	90 (21%)	70 (16%)	236 (55%)	426
7.	Whether the selection process is transparent in selecting player for domestic cricket.	10 (2%)	20 (4%)	90 (21%)	128 (30%)	178 (41%)	426
TOTAL		110 (3%)	163 (5%)	637 (22%)	718 (24%)	1354 (46%)	2,982 (100%)

Mode of responses regarding existing selection criteria for athletes at domestic cricket in Balochistan



Mode of responses regarding existing selection criteria for athletes at domestic cricket in Balochistan




The results regarding in-practice selection criteria for athletes at domestic cricket in Balochistan is shown in the table. Data analysis indicates that the majority of respondents were found to be unsatisfied with the results inclusion of sports related personnel in the selection process (160 > 120, 90, 30 & 20). In response to statement regarding selection of selectors based on their expertise in a certain talent as well as their professional abilities, major portion of the population showed extremely dissatisfaction (226 > 80, 90, 20 & 10).

The table shows that vast majority of the population were of the opinion that the nomination of selectors is not done on the basis of their sports background (175> 156, 27, 33 & 35). Similarly, major portion of the population showed extremely dissatisfaction the selectors are nominated on political affiliation basis (226 > 80, 90, 20 & 10).

Question regarding players selection on the basis of merit got negative responses by majority of respondents (241 > 65, 90, 20 & 10). Majority of respondents were of the view that If the selection of players for domestic cricket involves nepotism or favoritism. (236 > 70, 90, 20 & 10). Similarly, the showed extreme dissatisfaction with the transparency of selection process in selecting player for domestic cricket in Balochistan.

Table 5

Frequency of responses regarding athlete’s Interest, Motivation and Participation at domestic cricket in Balochistan.

S. No	Statement	SDA	DA	UD	A	SA	Total
1.	Playing sports with standard sport infrastructure enhance motivation as well as interest	24 (6%)	28 (6%)	16 (4%)	120 (28%)	238 (56%)	426
2.	The concerned personnel timely supplies the sport infrastructure for participation this motivate athletes.	246 (57%)	110 (27%)	26 (6%)	24 (6%)	20 (4%)	426
3.	The sport facilities available in the playfield motivate athletes for participation	156 (37%)	175 (41%)	27 (6%)	33 (7%)	35 (9%)	426
4.	The (national/international) level playfield standards offered promote an athlete's desire, interest, and commitment.	226 (53%)	115 (27%)	55 (14%)	20 (4%)	10 (2%)	426
5.	A well designed transportation and accommodation provided by the concerned personnel enhance motivation and participation	241 (56%)	135 (32%)	18 (4%)	24 (6%)	8 (2%)	426
6.	The training equipment provided during training session motivates athletes for training	236 (55%)	138 (33%)	18 (4%)	18 (4%)	16 (4%)	426
7.	The coaches' concentration on the athletes has doubled my interest, drive, and participation.	237 (56%)	139 (32%)	10 (2%)	25 (6%)	15 (4%)	426
8.	The athletes' involvement in sports will be promoted through careful and positive investment in the sport.	26 (6%)	26 (6%)	16 (4%)	122 (28%)	236 (56%)	426
9.	The offered Athletes' interest, motivation, and participation are increased when the authority pays their daily stipend, match fee, and refreshments.	156 (37%)	175 (41%)	27 (6%)	33 (7%)	35 (9%)	426
10.	Players  selection on the basis of merit boost their motivation and interest as well	26 (6%)	26 (6%)	16 (4%)	122 (28%)	236 (56%)	426
11.	Athletes are urged to try out sports by the common selection process used for player selection.	236 (55%)	138 (33%)	18 (4%)	18 (4%)	16 (4%)	426
12.	Selectors who are proficient in a certain talent can choose players based on merit, which motivates athletes.	26 (6%)	26 (6%)	16 (4%)	122 (28%)	236 (56%)	426
TOTAL		1,836 (35%)	1,231 (27%)	263 (5%)	648 (12%)	1,101 (21%)	5,112 (100%)

Mode of responses regarding athlete’s Interest, Motivation and Participation at domestic cricket in



Mode of responses regarding athlete’s Interest, Motivation and Participation at domestic cricket in 

Balochistan

 

The results regarding interest, motivation and participation at domestic cricket in Balochistan is shown in the table. Based on the evaluation of data, the mode of the data shows that majority of the respondents were found having strongly agree that Playing sports with standard sport infrastructure enhance motivation as well as interest (238 > 120, 16, 28 & 24). In response to statement that the concerned personnel timely supplies the sport infrastructure for participation this motivate athletes, major portion of the population showed strongly disagreement (246 > 110, 26, 24 & 20).

The table illustrates that vast majority of the population were disagree the sport facilities available in the playfield motivate athletes for participation (175> 156, 27, 33 & 35). Similarly, major portion of the population showed strongly disagreement the (national/international) level playfield standards offered promote an athlete's desire, interest, and commitment (226 > 115, 55, 20 & 10).

Respondent voiced their concern that a well-designed accommodation and transportation is not provided by the sports authority. Accommodation and transportation enhance athletes’ interest in organized sports. The respondents strongly disagreed to the question (241 > 135, 18, 24 & 08). Majority of respondents were of the view that the training equipment provided during training session motivates athletes for training (236 > 138, 18, 18 & 06). Similarly, major portion of the population replied the emphasis given by the coaches for the athletes enhances interest, motivation and participation cricket (237 > 139, 10, 25 & 15). Majority of the respondents were found having strongly agree that the athletes' involvement in sports will be promoted through careful and positive investment in the sport (238 > 120, 16, 26 & 26).

The table depicts that vast majority of the population were disagree with the the offered Athletes' interest, motivation, and participation are increased when the authority pays their daily stipend, match fee, and refreshments (175> 156, 27, 33 & 35). Majority of the respondents were found having strongly agree that players  selection on the basis of merit boost their motivation and interest as well (238 > 120, 16, 26 & 26). Majority of respondents were of the view that athletes are urged to try out sports by the common selection process used for player selection (236 > 138, 18, 18 & 06). In response to last question, majority of the respondents were strongly agreed that selectors who are proficient in a certain talent can choose players based on merit, which motivates athletes (238 > 120, 16, 26 & 26).




Testing of Hypotheses

H1: The current sports infrastructure significantly affects athletes' motivation, interest, and involvement in domestic cricket in Balochistan.

Chi-square demonstrating the major influence of current sporting facilities on athletes' interest, motivation, and involvement in sports in Balochistan's domestic cricket.

Table 6





The chi-square test was used to examine if the current sports infrastructure has a substantial influence on athletes' interest, motivation, and involvement in sports at domestic cricket in Balochistan. The chi-square test results are shown in a table. Show a level of importance of.000 to show that the influence of the current sports infrastructure on athletes' motivation, interest, and engagement in domestic cricket is important.H2: The current financial incentives have a considerable influence on athletes' interest, motivation, and engagement in sports, particularly domestic cricket in Balochistan.A Chi-square analysis of domestic cricket in Balochistan shows the strong influence of current financial incentives on athletes' interest, motivation, and involvement in sports.

	Values	Df	Asymp. Sig (2-sided)
Chi-Square Pearson	94.403	3	.001
Probability Ratio	70.788	3	.000
Association of Linear Association	78.983	1	.000
N of True Cases	426

Table 7





Chi-square analysis was used to check the major influence of current financial incentives on athletes' interest, motivation, and involvement in sports at domestic cricket in Balochistan. The following table's chi-square test results indicate a level of significance at.000, indicating that there is a considerable influence of current financial incentives on athletes' interest, motivation, and involvement in sports at domestic cricket.H3: Athletes' interest, motivation, and engagement in sports, particularly domestic cricket in Balochistan, are significantly impacted by in-practice selection criteria.Chi-square demonstrates the considerable influence of in-practice selection criteria on athletes' interest, motivation, and involvement in sports at domestic cricket in Balochistan.

	Value	Df	Asymp.Sig (2-sided)
Chi-Square Pearson	84.302	3	.002
Probability Ratio	69.696	3	.002
Association of Linear Association	76.987	1	.002
N of True Cases	426

Table 8





Chi-square analysis was used to establish the substantial influence of in-practice selection criteria on athletes' interest, motivation, and involvement in sports at Balochistan's local cricket tournament. The findings of the chi-square test are presented in a table and have a level of significance of.000, indicating that the in-practice selection criteria have a substantial influence on the athletes' interest, motivation, and involvement in sports in domestic cricket.H4: Comparatively to Dera Murad Jamali Regions, EIF, FI, and SC have a considerable impact on the interest, motivation, and involvement of Quetta athletes.ANOVA showing the Mean difference among Quetta and Dera Murad Jamali Regions.

	Value	Df	Asymp.Sig (2-sided)
Chi-Square Pearson	94.403	3	.000
Probability Ratio	70.788	3	.000
Association of Linear Association	78.983	1	.000
N of True Cases	426

Table 9

Descriptive
athletes' reply
	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error	95% Confidence Interval for Mean		Minimum	Maximum
					Lower Bound	Upper Bound
Quetta	255	4.4729	.76126	.05466	4.3651	4.5807	2.00	5.00
Dera Murad Jamali	171	3.1652	1.19636	.09203	2.9836	3.3469	1.00	6.00
Total	426	3.9076	1.11304	.04905	3.8113	4.0040	1.00	6.00

Table 10

ANOVA
Athletes reply
	Sum of Squares	Df	Mean Square	F	Sig.
Between Groups	106.784	2	78.392	83.621	.000
Within Groups	379.984	424	.937
Total	486.168	426

Mean Plot of ANOVA (Multiple Comparison)



Multiple Comparisons

Table 10

Athletes reply Tukey HSD
(J) Region	Mean Difference (I-J)	Std. Error	Sig.	95% Confidence Interval
				Lower Bound	Upper Bound
Dera Murad Jamali	1.30770*	.10188	.000	1.0682	1.5472
Quetta	.46136*	.10488	.000	.2148	.7079

*. At the 0.05 level, the mean difference is significant.

 




The above table shows that athletes from the Dera Murad Jamali region have reported that they have a greater impact than athletes from Quetta on existing infrastructure in terms of interest, motivation, and participation. This is because Dera Murad Jamali's mean value is higher than Quetta's mean value. Hence, it is stated in a descriptive manner that, when compared to Quetta, the athletes from Dera Murad Jamali have significantly lower levels of interest, motivation, and engagement due to existing infrastructure facilities (EIF), financial incentives (FI), and selection criteria (SC).

H:    Comparatively to First Class and Grade 2, EIF, FI, and SC have a considerable impact on Under 19 athlete interest, motivation, and involvement.

ANOVA displaying the mean difference between grades 2 and fewer than 19, in the first class.




 

Table 11

Descriptive
Athlete reply
	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error	95% Confidence Interval for Mean		Minimum	Maximum
					Lower Bound	Upper Bound
Grade 2	260	3.9021	.88752	.05504	3.7937	4.0105	2.00	5.00
First Class	46	3.7417	.85862	.07390	3.5955	3.8879	2.00	5.00
Under 19	120	3.9123	.83615	.07633	3.7612	4.0635	2.00	5.00
Total	426	3.8624	.86958	.03832	3.7872	3.9377	2.00	5.00

 

Table 12

ANOVA
Athlete reply
	Sum of Squares	Df	Mean Square	F	Sig.
Between Groups	2.000	2	73.52	1.775	.020
Within Groups	424.000	424	.754
Total	426.000	426

Mean Plot of Grade wise Comparison



Table 13



Because the Mean Value of under 19 is higher than the Mean Value of Grade 2 and First Class, it seems from the sketch Tables and Figure that athletes in the Under 19 age group have a bigger impact on the infrastructure in terms of interest, motivation, and involvement than athletes in Grade 2 and First Class. Therefore, it can be said in a descriptive manner that, in comparison to Grade 2 and First Class, Existing Infrastructure Facilities (EIF), Financial Incentives (FI), and Selection Criteria (SC) have a significant impact on Under 19 athletes' interest, motivation, and participation (i.e. 3.91 > 3.74 & 3, 90).Even before F (2.512) = 73.52, P=.020, which shows that the alternative hypothesis is valid on the basis of p. value because p. value is smaller than the Alpha Level 0.05 (.020 0.05), there is a substantial difference between the opinions of various athletes from the selected regions.H: In comparison to urban athletes in the Quetta and Dera Murad Jamali regions, EIF, FI, and SC have a considerable impact on rural athletes' interest, motivation, and involvement.Independent Sample T-test displaying the average difference between the responses from Rural and Urban Athletes. 
Table 14


Different Comparisons
Athlete reply Tukey HSD
(I) Grades	(J) Grades	Mean Difference (I-J)	Std. Error	Sig.	95% Confidence Interval
					Lower Bound	Upper Bound
Grade 2	First Class	.16041	.09211	.191	-.0561	.3769
	Under 19	-.01022	.09582	.994	-.2355	.2150
First Class	Grade 2	-.16041	.09211	.191	-.3769	.0561
	Under 19	-.17063	.10894	.261	-.4267	.0854
Under 19	Grade 2	.01022	.09582	.994	-.2150	.2355
	First Class	.17063	.10894	.261	-.0854	.4267

Statistics for Groups (Independent Sample T- test)
	Locality	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	T	P-value
Athlete reply	Rural	309	4.0625	.89321	2.505	.013
	Urban	117	3.8641	.87195

 The results of an independent sample T-test on a table of replies from rural and urban athletes in different locations about the influence of household infrastructure on interest, motivation, and involvement demonstrate a mean difference between the two groups. Rural areas have a mean score of 4.06, whereas urban areas have a mean value of 3.86. Both mean values (s) are higher than 3.00, indicating that rural athletes from different locations are having an impact on the domestic infrastructure that already exists (4.06 & 3.86 > 3.00). According to descriptive statistics, rural has a mean value that is higher than urban (4.06 > 3.86).According to inference, there is a considerable discrepancy in the mean scores of rural and urban athletes from different locations when it comes to how the country's current infrastructure affects interest, motivation, and engagement. The t (426) = 2.505, p=.013 demonstrates that there is a significant difference between rural and urban athletes' replies. Hence, domestic infrastructure has a greater influence on rural athletes than on metropolitan athletes.




Findings

1. Responses of cricket players were outlined through nine (9) questions related to existing sports infrastructure for athletes at domestic cricket in Balochistan. Majority of the respondents were found extremely not satisfied with sports infrastructure for athletes at domestic cricket. 

2. According to analyzed data, the mode of the data shows that majority of the participants responded as extremely dissatisfied related to prevailing financial incentives for athletes at domestic cricket in Balochistan. 

3. The data analysis revealed that the majority of participants were not pleased with the Balochistan domestic cricket league's in-practice athlete selection criterion.

4. According to the data that was analyzed, the majority of the contributors firmly agreed that the infrastructure that is currently in place, the financial incentives that are offered, and the selection criteria have a significant impact on the interest and participation of athletes in domestic cricket.

5. The results show that the infrastructure for sports currently in place has a major influence on athletes' motivation, interest, and involvement in domestic cricket.

6. The study discovered that current financial incentives significantly affect athletes' interest, motivation, and involvement in domestic cricket sports.

7. 7. One research suggests that in-practice selection criteria have a substantial influence on athletes' interest, motivation, and involvement in sports at domestic cricket.

8. Because F (2.512) = 83.62, P=.000, which indicates that the alternative hypothesis has been accepted on the basis of p. value because p. value is less than the Alpha Level 0.05 (.000 0.05), the researcher discovered that there are significant differences between views of various athletes from the selected regions.

9. The results of data analysis show that there are significant differences in the opinions of various athletes from the chosen regions. The alternative hypothesis is accepted on the basis of the p-value because it is less than the alpha level of 0.05 (.020 0.05), which means that F (2.512) = 73.52, P=.021.

Discussion

According to the research, the vast majority of domestic participants recognized the value and significance of basic infrastructure amenities. They view the availability of sufficient and high-tech facilities as a crucial and vitalizing instrument for the growth and conduct of sports in general and cricket in particular, as well as as significant motivating elements. The study's results also showed that players in Balochistan, Pakistan's domestic cricket league face obstacles to sports participation because there are not any standard facilities or equipment available. The majority of respondents expressed unhappiness with the availability of acceptable and standard amenities, such as playfield standards and sports equipment at playfields. These findings were supported by Stewart (2014), who found that the supply of basic amenities interfered with sports, notably the game of cricket, from being played properly and effectively. According to Akindutire and Oyeniyi (2012), the supply of high-quality facilities and apparatus is regarded as the foundation of sports. Many outcomes of factual research show a significant relationship between sport facilities and equipment, students' inspiration and motivation levels, and their rate of engagement in sports (Videon, 2002).

The financial incentives given to players during domestic cricket matches are also a source of worry, however the results of this analysis show that there is a strong and positive correlation between motivation, financial incentives, and support rate of participation. This suggests that the understudies' interest in games and sports will increase as their financial rewards increase. Another research conclusion indicates that daily compensation for training camp attendance, match fees, and daily allowances are all elements that influence athletes' engagement in sports (Alexandris et al, 2002). Deci and Ryan (2008) claimed that participants would invest more money if they were given additional financial incentives.

Likewise, the research indicated that majority of the players are not happy with the selection technique employed for the selection of the players at domestic cricket in Balochistan. They also believed that athletes' interest, motivation, and participation rate are decreased by unqualified selecting people, which is corroborated by Kapp et al. (2012), who discovered that an ineffective selection procedure makes it difficult to get outcomes that are adequate. A significant portion of respondents think that people outside the sports industry are involved in the hiring process. Nepotism in the hiring procedure encourages sportsmen's apathy.

For the promotion and growth of sports, notably domestic cricket throughout the nation and more crucially in the chosen area, fair selection procedures and open appointments of selectors were seen as two crucial components. Regrettably, the selection process did not satisfy the majority of players. They retorted that the selection of players for domestic cricket is influenced by nepotism and favoritism.

Fasan's research from 2007 shows that elements like enough financial packages, quality facilities and equipment, and good attitudes of government and other involved authorities boost athlete's interest and motivation towards sports, which is consistent with the observation that a pleasant and conducive environment aids the players in doing effectively. In order to get the best results, the participants may be given access to proper and transparent selection, facility, and other requirements processes. So, according to the author, there should not be any nepotism or favoritism in sports. If not, sports will be in danger of suffering unconscionable losses.

Conclusion

The study found that the lack of interest on the part of the authorities in domestic sports, as well as a lack of equipment and facilities that are appropriate for sports, are the intervening variables in sports generally and cricket in particular at the domestic level in the chosen location. In addition, the study came to the conclusion that facilities, funding, and the attitude of relevant authorities have a significant role on sport participation. The availability of sporting facilities and tools boosts athletes' interest and drive. A financial incentive gives players a reason to choose athletics as a career. Moreover, coaching facilities may serve as a motivator. As a result, for developing desired outcomes, it is important to examine other procedures as well as the supply of suitable sporting facilities, equipment, and financial incentives. The researcher believes that the government and sports administrators/managers who are involved in sports must understand how motivating elements like welfare packages, facilities and equipment, coaches, and government roles would boost excellent physical and, most importantly, achieve their height in the profession.

Recommendations

1. According to the report, domestic cricket players were significantly undernourished in terms of access to basic facilities. In order to meet the need of an international level, the researcher advised that playfields and sporting equipment be given.

2. In a similar vein, ensuring that domestic players have access to adequate coaching facilities, skilled coaches, and housing options can help to increase athletes' interest in and incentive for improving performance.

3. As a result of the study's findings, it has become clear that the relevant authorities need to pay much closer attention to the financial incentives given to players during domestic cricket. As a result, the authority may adequately offer payment of daily allowance, Match fee in addition to daily allowance, and payment of camp fee/remuneration for participation in the competition-related training camp.

4. In addition to the aforementioned, making lunch arrangements and paying for refreshments during games is important since young participation in sports is increased by strategic investments on the field.

5. The majority of athletes said that the presence of infrastructure was crucial in luring the business sector to sports. Thus, it is recommended that business community participate directly in sport promotion.

6. In addition, the statistics showed that nearly all players in the relevant area's domestic cricket league expressed unhappiness with the selection criteria. The researcher therefore proposed that sports-related people may be considered throughout the selection process. 

7. The study suggested that transparent selection criteria be used while choosing players for domestic cricket. This may be achievable if the administrative authorities could guarantee the nomination of selectors based on their professional talents as well as their mastery of a specific specialty.

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