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- Lotha, G. (2020). Social Status. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/social-status
- Miankhail, S. B. (2012). Causes and Consequences of Poverty in Pakistan. Journal of Managerial Sciences, 2 (1), 44-48.
- Mohyuddin, A., & Khan, N. (2015). Socioeconomic causes of devaluation of Pashtun values (a case study of village Chakdara, Lower Dir, KP, Pakistan}. The Explorer Islamabad: Journal of social sciences, 1 (12), 442-448.
- Nafees, M., & Khan, F. (2020). Pakistan,s Response to COVID-19 Pandemic and efficacy of Quarantine and Partial Lockdown: Facts, Hopes and Expectations. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nafees-Mohammad/publication/340349542_Pakistans_Response_to_COVID-19_Pandemic_and_Efficacy_of_Quarantine_and_Partial_Lockdown_A_Review/links/5e848afe92851c2f52713fa0/Pakistans-Response-to-COVID-19-Pandemic-and-Efficacy-of-Quarantine-and-Partial-Lockdown-A-Review.pdf
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- Quinn, S. C., & Kumar, S. (2014). Health Inequalities and Infectious Disease Epidemics: A Challenge for Global Health Security. Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Biodefense Strategy, Practice, and Science, 12(5), 263–273. https://doi.org/10.1089/bsp.2014.0032
- Rayhan, D. P. (2002). Vulnerabilty and Poverty: What are the Cause and How are They Related? Bonn: Zentrum FUR Entwicklungsforschung Center for Development Research (ZEF) Universitate Bonn. https://www.zef.de/fileadmin/downloads/forum/docprog/Termpapers/2004_3a_Philip_Rayan.pdf
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- Rosenkrantz, H. (2020). Coronavirus May Leave Poor More Vulnerable to Illness as Pandemic Puts Wealth Gap on Display. New York: Karma Network Corp. hello@karmaimpact.com
- Saqib, M. (2020, March 29). Coronavirus vs. Social Distancing: A changing paradigm of social interaction. The Daily News. https://en.baaghitv.com/coronavirus-vs-social-distancing-a-changing-paradigm-of-social-interaction/
- Shaikh, B. T., Ejaz, I., Achakzai, D. K., & Shafiq, Y. (2013). Political and economic unfairness in health system of Pakistan: a hope with the recent reforms. Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 25(1-2), 198– 203.
- Singh, S. R., Eghdami, M. R., & Singh, S., 2014. The Concept of Social Vulnerability : AReview from Disasters Perspectives. International Journal of Interdisciplinary and Multidisciplinary Studies, 1(6), 71–82. http://www.ijims.com
- ouray, M. (2016). Definitions and Measures of Poverty. Nairobi: www.devinit.org
- United Nations. (2020). Everyone included: Social impact of COVID-19. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. https://www.un.org/development/desa/dspd/everyone-included-covid-19.html
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- Venkatraja, B., & Indira, M. (2011). Role of education in social development: an empirical analysis. Madhya Pradesh Journal of Social Sciences, 16(1), 29-33. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A319228689/AONE?u=anon~5a488b5c&sid=googleScholar&xid=e57bfb51
- Wasay, A. (2001). Public expenditure on social sectors in Pakistan - trends and issues. World Bank. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/542051468758747910/Public-expenditure-on-social-sectors-in-Pakistan-trends-and-issues
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- Wikipedia. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan. (2020, October 2). Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Pakistan
- Zanakis, S. H., Alvarez, C., & Li, V. (2007). Socio- economic determinants of HIV/AIDS pandemic and nations efficiencies. European Journal of Operational Research, 176(3), 1811–1838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2005.10.033
- Agha, N. (2020, May 1). The pandemic and social support. The Express Tribune. https://tribune.com.pk/story/2211752/pandemic-social-support
- Ahmad, I., Ur Rehman, K., Ali, A., Khan, I., & Khan, F. A. (2014). Critical Analysis of the Problems of Education in Pakistan: Possible Solutions. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 3(2), 79– 84. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v3i2.1805
- Ahmed, S. (2016). The Social Sectors in Pakistan: A Story of Neglect. Rentier Capitalism, 65– 83. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137554475_4
- Ahmed, S. S. (2020). Covidonomics and Pakistan: Economy in and after Covid-19. Dailytimes.com.pk. https://dailytimes.com.pk/586001/covidonomics-and-pakistan-economy-in-and-after-covid-19/
- Ashraf, M. A., & Ismat, H. I. (2016). Education and Development of Pakistan: A Study of Current Situation of Education and Literacy in Pakistan. US-China Education Review, 6(11), 647–654. https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6248/2016.11.003
- Baldwin, R., & Mauro, B. W. di. (2020). Economics in the Time of COVID- 19. CEPR. https://cepr.org/publications/books-and-reports/economics-time-covid-19
- Chambers, R. (2006). What is poverty? Who asks? Who answers? Opendocs.ids.ac.uk. https://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/handle/20.500.12413/120
- Garrett, T. A. (2007). Economic Effects of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic Implications for a Modern-day Pandemic. https://www.stlouisfed.org/-/media/project/frbstl/stlouisfed/files/pdfs/community-development/research-reports/pandemic_flu_report.pdf
- Habib, M. A., Soofi, S. B., Ali, N., Hussain, I., Tabassum, F., Suhag, Z., Anwar, S., Ahmed, I., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2017). Knowledge andperceptions of polio and polio immunization in polio high-risk areas of Pakistan. Journal of Public Health Policy, 38(1), 16–36. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41271-016-0056-6
- Hadid, D., & Sattar, A. (2020). Pakistan Has A Plan To Keep Millions From Going Hungry During Shutdown. Will It Work? NPR.org. https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2020/04/14/831753354/pakistan-has-a-plan-to-keep-millions-from-going-hungry-during-shutdown-will-it-w
- Hakro, A. N. (2012). Water, Sanitation and Poverty Linkages in Pakistan. Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, 9(3), 25- 36. https://content.iospress.com/articles/asian- journal-of-water-environment-and- pollution/ajw9-3-05
- Ibbert, K. (2020, April 19). Poor living conditions seen as vehicle for COVID-19. Jamaica Observer. https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/poor-living-conditions-seen-as-vehicle-for-covid-19/
- IRC. (2020). Public Awareness and Public Education for Disaster Risk Reduction | IFRC. Www.ifrc.org. https://www.ifrc.org/our-work/disasters-climate-and-crises/climate-smart-disaster-risk-reduction/pape#:~:text=Our%20work-
- Khadim, M. (2017, November 2). 15 Top Health Issues In Pakistan. Transparent Hands. https://www.transparenthands.org/top-health-issues-in-pakistan/
- Kharas, H., & Hamel, K. (2020, May 6). Turning back the Poverty Clock: How will COVID- 19 impact the world’s poorest people? Brookings. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/future-development/2020/05/06/turning-back-the-poverty-clock-how-will-covid-19-impact-the-worlds-poorest-people/#:~:text=Our%20post%2DCOVID%2D19%20estimate
- Khayyam, U., Inamullah, E., & Shah, S. (2018). Socio-Cultural Dynamics and their Relation with the Participatory Development in thePashtun Tribal Society of Pakistan. Trames . Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences, 22(2), 173. https://doi.org/10.3176/tr.2018.2.05
- Lacina, L. (2020). COVID-19: What you need to know about the coronavirus pandemic on 29 April. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/covid-19-what-you-need-to-know-about-the-coronavirus-pandemic-on-29-april/
- Lennihan, M. (2020, March 19). US: Address Impact of Covid-19 on Poor. Human Rights Watch. https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/03/19/us-address-impact-covid-19-poor?gclid=Cj0KCQiA37KbBhDgARIsAIzce17NY8j87lQ8Bidu_bURZDRyNTKPV2IGEtmYgKwfbTH-ALLglRU3LAoaAjl5EALw_wcB
- Lotha, G. (2020). Social Status. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/social-status
- Miankhail, S. B. (2012). Causes and Consequences of Poverty in Pakistan. Journal of Managerial Sciences, 2 (1), 44-48.
- Mohyuddin, A., & Khan, N. (2015). Socioeconomic causes of devaluation of Pashtun values (a case study of village Chakdara, Lower Dir, KP, Pakistan}. The Explorer Islamabad: Journal of social sciences, 1 (12), 442-448.
- Nafees, M., & Khan, F. (2020). Pakistan,s Response to COVID-19 Pandemic and efficacy of Quarantine and Partial Lockdown: Facts, Hopes and Expectations. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nafees-Mohammad/publication/340349542_Pakistans_Response_to_COVID-19_Pandemic_and_Efficacy_of_Quarantine_and_Partial_Lockdown_A_Review/links/5e848afe92851c2f52713fa0/Pakistans-Response-to-COVID-19-Pandemic-and-Efficacy-of-Quarantine-and-Partial-Lockdown-A-Review.pdf
- Oppenheim, B., & Yamey, G. (2017, June 19). Pandemics and the poor. Brookings. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/future-development/2017/06/19/pandemics-and-the-poor/
- Quinn, S. C., & Kumar, S. (2014). Health Inequalities and Infectious Disease Epidemics: A Challenge for Global Health Security. Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Biodefense Strategy, Practice, and Science, 12(5), 263–273. https://doi.org/10.1089/bsp.2014.0032
- Rayhan, D. P. (2002). Vulnerabilty and Poverty: What are the Cause and How are They Related? Bonn: Zentrum FUR Entwicklungsforschung Center for Development Research (ZEF) Universitate Bonn. https://www.zef.de/fileadmin/downloads/forum/docprog/Termpapers/2004_3a_Philip_Rayan.pdf
- Rodriguez, L. (2020). 5 Reasons COVID-19 Will Impact the Fight to End Extreme Poverty. Global Citizen. https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/how-covid-19-impacts-fight-to-end-extreme-poverty/?gclid=Cj0KCQiA37KbBhDgARIsAIzce15GeTnprgjYv_KV6T0uN1_q8zKF0RQ90kMu3E0UtfMmVdsI2j2s-dIaAvvTEALw_wcB
- Rosenkrantz, H. (2020). Coronavirus May Leave Poor More Vulnerable to Illness as Pandemic Puts Wealth Gap on Display. New York: Karma Network Corp. hello@karmaimpact.com
- Saqib, M. (2020, March 29). Coronavirus vs. Social Distancing: A changing paradigm of social interaction. The Daily News. https://en.baaghitv.com/coronavirus-vs-social-distancing-a-changing-paradigm-of-social-interaction/
- Shaikh, B. T., Ejaz, I., Achakzai, D. K., & Shafiq, Y. (2013). Political and economic unfairness in health system of Pakistan: a hope with the recent reforms. Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 25(1-2), 198– 203.
- Singh, S. R., Eghdami, M. R., & Singh, S., 2014. The Concept of Social Vulnerability : AReview from Disasters Perspectives. International Journal of Interdisciplinary and Multidisciplinary Studies, 1(6), 71–82. http://www.ijims.com
- ouray, M. (2016). Definitions and Measures of Poverty. Nairobi: www.devinit.org
- United Nations. (2020). Everyone included: Social impact of COVID-19. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. https://www.un.org/development/desa/dspd/everyone-included-covid-19.html
- United Nations. (2020). UNSDG | Shared responsibility, global solidarity: Responding to the socio-economic impacts of COVID- 19. Unsdg.un.org. https://unsdg.un.org/resources/shared-responsibility-global-solidarity-responding-socio-economic-impacts-covid-19
- Venkatraja, B., & Indira, M. (2011). Role of education in social development: an empirical analysis. Madhya Pradesh Journal of Social Sciences, 16(1), 29-33. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A319228689/AONE?u=anon~5a488b5c&sid=googleScholar&xid=e57bfb51
- Wasay, A. (2001). Public expenditure on social sectors in Pakistan - trends and issues. World Bank. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/542051468758747910/Public-expenditure-on-social-sectors-in-Pakistan-trends-and-issues
- WFP. (2020). COVID-19 - Potential Impact on the World’s Poorest People | World Food Programme. Www.wfp.org. https://www.wfp.org/publications/covid-19-potential-impact-worlds-poorest-people
- Wikipedia contributors. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 08:55, May 18, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=C OVID-19_pandemic_in_Pakistan&oldid=957231307
- Wikipedia. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan. (2020, October 2). Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Pakistan
- Zanakis, S. H., Alvarez, C., & Li, V. (2007). Socio- economic determinants of HIV/AIDS pandemic and nations efficiencies. European Journal of Operational Research, 176(3), 1811–1838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2005.10.033
Cite this article
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APA : Kaleem, M., Sher, B., & Sapna, D. (2022). Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Socio-economically Vulnerable People of Pakistan. Global Social Sciences Review, VII(II), 479-493. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2022(VII-II).46
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CHICAGO : Kaleem, Muhammad, Bahadar Sher, and Dilkash Sapna. 2022. "Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Socio-economically Vulnerable People of Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review, VII (II): 479-493 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2022(VII-II).46
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HARVARD : KALEEM, M., SHER, B. & SAPNA, D. 2022. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Socio-economically Vulnerable People of Pakistan. Global Social Sciences Review, VII, 479-493.
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MHRA : Kaleem, Muhammad, Bahadar Sher, and Dilkash Sapna. 2022. "Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Socio-economically Vulnerable People of Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review, VII: 479-493
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MLA : Kaleem, Muhammad, Bahadar Sher, and Dilkash Sapna. "Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Socio-economically Vulnerable People of Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review, VII.II (2022): 479-493 Print.
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OXFORD : Kaleem, Muhammad, Sher, Bahadar, and Sapna, Dilkash (2022), "Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Socio-economically Vulnerable People of Pakistan", Global Social Sciences Review, VII (II), 479-493
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TURABIAN : Kaleem, Muhammad, Bahadar Sher, and Dilkash Sapna. "Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Socio-economically Vulnerable People of Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review VII, no. II (2022): 479-493. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2022(VII-II).46