References
- Andreu, J. F. & Gallego, A. J. (2009). A critical analysis of the minimalist program and the concept of universal grammar . Universal Academic Journal of Education, Science and Technology, 4(1), 47-55.
- Chomsky, N. (1986). Knowledge of language: Its nature, origin and use. Praeger. New York.
- Chomsky, N. (2007). “ Approaching UG from below,†in interfaces + recursion = Language?: Chomsky’s minimalism and the view from syntax-semantics, Eds. U. Sauerland and H. Gartner (New York, NY: Mouton de Gruyter), pp. 1–29.
- Cook, V. J. (1988). Chomsky’s universal grammar. Oxford: Black well Publishers
- Cook, V.J. & Newson, M. (1996). “ Chomsky's universal grammar: An introduction. Oxford: Blackwell Press
- Freidin, R., & Chomsky, N. (1997). The Minimalist Program. Language, 73(3), 571–582 https://doi.org/10.2307/415885
- Gunji, T. (1987). “ Japanese phrase structure grammarâ€. Dordrecht: Reidel
- Haegeman, L. (2008). The syntax of adverbial clauses and the licensing of main clause phenomena. Truncation or intervention? Paper presented at the 31st GLOW Conference, Newcastle
- Hockett, C. F. (1960). Logical considerations in the study of animal communication. In Animal sounds and communication. (Eds WE Lanyon, WN Tavolga), Washington, DC: American Institute of Biological Sciences. pp. 392 – 430.
- Hoeksema, J. (1992). The head parameter in morphology and syntax. In D. Gilbers & S. Looyenga (eds.), Language and Cognition. Vol. II. Groningen: Universiteitsdrukkerij Groningen. pp. 119-132
- Hurford J. (2008). The evolution of human communication and language. In Sociobiology of communication: an interdisciplinary perspective. (Eds P D’Ettorre, DP Hughes), Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 249 – 264.
- Hurford, J. R. (2002). The roles of expression and representation in language evolution. In The transition to language (ed. A Wray), Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Koopman, H., Sportiche, D., & Stabler, E. (2013). An Introduction to Syntactic Analysis and Theory. https://linguistics.ucla.edu/people/stabler/isat.pdf
- Martinet, A. (1949). La double articulation linguistigue. Cercle Linguistique de Copenhague, 5(1), 30–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/01050206.1949.10416289
- O’Grady, W., Dobrovolsky, M., & Katamba, F. (1996). Contemporary linguistics. An introduction. London: Longman
- Pesetsky, D. (1999). Linguistic universals and universal grammar, in The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences, Eds R. A. Wilson and F. C. Keil (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press).
- Polinsky, M. (2012). Headedness, again*. https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/mpolinsky/files/keenan_paper.online.pdf
- Radford, A. (2006). “ Minimalist syntax: Exploring the structure of Englishâ€. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Radford, A. (2009). An introduction to English sentence structure. (2nd Edition). Language Arts & Disciplines. Cambridge University Press
- Radford, A. (2009). Analysing English sentences: A minimalist approach. Cambridge University Press, New York
- Radford, A. (2016). Analyzing English sentences. (2nd Edition). Cambridge University Press https://www.cambridge.org/pk/academic/subjects/languages-linguistics/grammar-and-syntax/analysing-english-sentences-2nd-edition?format=HB&isbn=9780521669702
- Rahmani, Z., & Rokni), S. J. A. (2012). An Investigation into Setting Head Parameters in English as a Head-initial Language from the Minimalist Perspective. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2(10) https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.2.10.2109-2116
- Williamson, G. (2014). Generativity and duality of patterning. SLT Info. https://www.sltinfo.com/generativity-and-duality-of-patterning/
- Willis, D. (2003). Rules, patterns and words: Grammar and lexis in English language teaching. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge. New York
- Andreu, J. F. & Gallego, A. J. (2009). A critical analysis of the minimalist program and the concept of universal grammar . Universal Academic Journal of Education, Science and Technology, 4(1), 47-55.
- Chomsky, N. (1986). Knowledge of language: Its nature, origin and use. Praeger. New York.
- Chomsky, N. (2007). “ Approaching UG from below,†in interfaces + recursion = Language?: Chomsky’s minimalism and the view from syntax-semantics, Eds. U. Sauerland and H. Gartner (New York, NY: Mouton de Gruyter), pp. 1–29.
- Cook, V. J. (1988). Chomsky’s universal grammar. Oxford: Black well Publishers
- Cook, V.J. & Newson, M. (1996). “ Chomsky's universal grammar: An introduction. Oxford: Blackwell Press
- Freidin, R., & Chomsky, N. (1997). The Minimalist Program. Language, 73(3), 571–582 https://doi.org/10.2307/415885
- Gunji, T. (1987). “ Japanese phrase structure grammarâ€. Dordrecht: Reidel
- Haegeman, L. (2008). The syntax of adverbial clauses and the licensing of main clause phenomena. Truncation or intervention? Paper presented at the 31st GLOW Conference, Newcastle
- Hockett, C. F. (1960). Logical considerations in the study of animal communication. In Animal sounds and communication. (Eds WE Lanyon, WN Tavolga), Washington, DC: American Institute of Biological Sciences. pp. 392 – 430.
- Hoeksema, J. (1992). The head parameter in morphology and syntax. In D. Gilbers & S. Looyenga (eds.), Language and Cognition. Vol. II. Groningen: Universiteitsdrukkerij Groningen. pp. 119-132
- Hurford J. (2008). The evolution of human communication and language. In Sociobiology of communication: an interdisciplinary perspective. (Eds P D’Ettorre, DP Hughes), Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 249 – 264.
- Hurford, J. R. (2002). The roles of expression and representation in language evolution. In The transition to language (ed. A Wray), Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Koopman, H., Sportiche, D., & Stabler, E. (2013). An Introduction to Syntactic Analysis and Theory. https://linguistics.ucla.edu/people/stabler/isat.pdf
- Martinet, A. (1949). La double articulation linguistigue. Cercle Linguistique de Copenhague, 5(1), 30–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/01050206.1949.10416289
- O’Grady, W., Dobrovolsky, M., & Katamba, F. (1996). Contemporary linguistics. An introduction. London: Longman
- Pesetsky, D. (1999). Linguistic universals and universal grammar, in The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences, Eds R. A. Wilson and F. C. Keil (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press).
- Polinsky, M. (2012). Headedness, again*. https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/mpolinsky/files/keenan_paper.online.pdf
- Radford, A. (2006). “ Minimalist syntax: Exploring the structure of Englishâ€. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Radford, A. (2009). An introduction to English sentence structure. (2nd Edition). Language Arts & Disciplines. Cambridge University Press
- Radford, A. (2009). Analysing English sentences: A minimalist approach. Cambridge University Press, New York
- Radford, A. (2016). Analyzing English sentences. (2nd Edition). Cambridge University Press https://www.cambridge.org/pk/academic/subjects/languages-linguistics/grammar-and-syntax/analysing-english-sentences-2nd-edition?format=HB&isbn=9780521669702
- Rahmani, Z., & Rokni), S. J. A. (2012). An Investigation into Setting Head Parameters in English as a Head-initial Language from the Minimalist Perspective. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2(10) https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.2.10.2109-2116
- Williamson, G. (2014). Generativity and duality of patterning. SLT Info. https://www.sltinfo.com/generativity-and-duality-of-patterning/
- Willis, D. (2003). Rules, patterns and words: Grammar and lexis in English language teaching. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge. New York
Cite this article
-
APA : Uzair, M., Khan, U., & Shams, S. A. (2019). Binarity of Headedness Principle in Universal Grammar: A Comparative Analysis of Urdu and English Phrases. Global Social Sciences Review, IV(I), 476-484. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-I).61
-
CHICAGO : Uzair, Muhammad, Ubaidullah Khan, and Shamim Ara Shams. 2019. "Binarity of Headedness Principle in Universal Grammar: A Comparative Analysis of Urdu and English Phrases." Global Social Sciences Review, IV (I): 476-484 doi: 10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-I).61
-
HARVARD : UZAIR, M., KHAN, U. & SHAMS, S. A. 2019. Binarity of Headedness Principle in Universal Grammar: A Comparative Analysis of Urdu and English Phrases. Global Social Sciences Review, IV, 476-484.
-
MHRA : Uzair, Muhammad, Ubaidullah Khan, and Shamim Ara Shams. 2019. "Binarity of Headedness Principle in Universal Grammar: A Comparative Analysis of Urdu and English Phrases." Global Social Sciences Review, IV: 476-484
-
MLA : Uzair, Muhammad, Ubaidullah Khan, and Shamim Ara Shams. "Binarity of Headedness Principle in Universal Grammar: A Comparative Analysis of Urdu and English Phrases." Global Social Sciences Review, IV.I (2019): 476-484 Print.
-
OXFORD : Uzair, Muhammad, Khan, Ubaidullah, and Shams, Shamim Ara (2019), "Binarity of Headedness Principle in Universal Grammar: A Comparative Analysis of Urdu and English Phrases", Global Social Sciences Review, IV (I), 476-484
-
TURABIAN : Uzair, Muhammad, Ubaidullah Khan, and Shamim Ara Shams. "Binarity of Headedness Principle in Universal Grammar: A Comparative Analysis of Urdu and English Phrases." Global Social Sciences Review IV, no. I (2019): 476-484. https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(IV-I).61